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Levels and trends in the sex ratio at birth in seven provinces of Nepal between 1980 and 2016 with probabilistic projections to 2050: A Bayesian modeling approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chao, Fengqing Samir, K.C. Ombao, Hernando Statistics Program Computer Electrical And Mathematical Sciences And Engineering Division King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology 4700 KAUST Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Asian Demographic Research Institute Shanghai University Shangda Road Shanghai200444 China International Institute For Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1 Laxenburg2361 Austria

Background: The sex ratio at birth (SRB;ratio of male to female births) in Nepal has been reported without imbalance on the national level. However, the national SRB could mask the disparity within the country. Given the demographic and cultural heterogeneities in Nepal, it is crucial to model Nepal SRB on the subnational level. Prior studies on subnational SRB in Nepal are mostly based on reporting observed values from surveys and census, and no study has provided probabilistic projections. We aim to estimate and project SRB for the seven provinces of Nepal from 1980 to 2050 using a Bayesian modeling approach. Methods: We compiled an extensive database on provincial SRB of Nepal, consisting 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys and 2011 Census. We adopted a Bayesian hierarchical time series model to estimate and project the provincial SRB, with a focus on modelling the potential SRB imbalance. Results: In 2016, the highest SRB is estimated in Province 5 at 1.102 with a 95% credible interval (1.044, 1.127) and the lowest SRB is in Province 2 at 1.053 (1.035, 1.109). During 1980-2016, the provincial SRB was around the same level as the national SRB baseline of 1.049. The SRB imbalance probabilities in all provinces are generally low and vary from 16% in Province 2 to 81% in Province 5. SRB imbalances are estimated to have begun at the earliest in 2001 in Province 5 with a 95% credible interval (1992, 2022) and the latest in 2017 (1998, 2040) in Province 2. We project SRB in all provinces to begin converging back to the national baseline in the mid-2030s. By 2050, the SRBs in all provinces are projected to be around the SRB baseline level. Conclusion: Our findings imply that the majority of provinces in Nepal have low risks of SRB imbalance for the period 1980-2016. However, we identify a few provinces with higher probabilities of having SRB inflation. The projected SRB is an important illustration of potential future prenatal sex discriminat

关键词： Bayesian networks

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Success Factors of the Blockchain Adoption for Smart Manufacture

Success Factors of the Blockchain Adoption for Smart Manufac...

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2018 International Seminar on Research of Information Technology and Intelligent systems, ISRITI 2018

作者： Surjandy Fernando, Erick Meyliana Kosala, Raymond Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits Abdurachman, Edi Supangkat, Suhono Harso Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Doctor of Computer Science Information Systems Audit Program Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538674222

Currently, the discussion about smart city becomes a trend topic in which the development of the Internet of Thing (IoT) is used in various sectors including in the manufacturing sector where the Indonesian government is intensively increasing the capacity and production quality. The use of IoT in both smart manufacture and smart city become an interesting thing topic for research and the combination of the new technology Blockchain, may proof the reliability of data. Trust, transparent, secure, real time online process as a new phenomenon to merge IoT with Blockchain technology into smart manufacturing technology. However, for maintaining quality and sustainability, required technology governance so the achievement of implementation can be done well. This research uses the method called Systematic Literature Review (SLR) find the Blockchain adoption factors for Smart Manufacturing Technology Governance and the research conducted on several reputable publications. The result found, there are 35 adoption success factors found from the adoption of blockchain technology into smart manufacture industry. The influence of the technology governance process in smart manufacture industry increase sustainability, realtime and accurate decision making for the industry. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Manufacture

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Emergent Dimer-Model Topological Order and Quasiparticle Excitations in Liquid Crystals: Combinatorial Vortex Lattices

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Physical Review X 2025年第2期15卷 021084-021084页

作者： Cuiling Meng Jin-Sheng Wu Žiga Kos Jörn Dunkel Cristiano Nisoli Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM) Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Hiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia Theoretical Division Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems and Center For Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the concept of topological phases and topological order has been introduced in the context of spin liquids to investigate emergent phenomena like quantum Hall effects and high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we bridge these two seemingly disparate perspectives on topology in physics. Combining experiments and simulations, we show how topological defects in liquid crystals can be used as versatile building blocks to create complex, highly degenerate topological phases, which we refer to as “combinatorial vortex lattices” (CVLs). CVLs exhibit extensive residual entropy and support locally stable quasiparticle excitations in the form of charge-conserving topological monopoles, which can act as mobile information carriers and be linked via Dirac strings. CVLs can be rewritten and reconfigured on demand, endowed with various symmetries, and modified through laser-induced topological surgery—an essential capability for information storage and retrieval. We demonstrate experimentally the realization, stability, and precise optical manipulation of CVLs, thus opening new avenues for understanding and technologically exploiting higher-hierarchy topology in liquid crystals and other ordered media.

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Time-Varying ℓ₀ Optimization for Spike Inference from Multi-Trial Calcium Recordings

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Data Science in Science 2024年第1期3卷

作者： Shen, Tong Du, Mingyu Johnston, Kevin Grieco, Steven F. Crary, Rachel Guzowski, John F. Lur, Gyorgy Xu, Xiangmin Ombao, Hernando Guindani, Michele Yu, Zhaoxia Department of Statistics University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Center for Complex Biological Systems University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Department of Mathematics and The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology School of Medicine University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States The Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Department of Computer Science University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States The Center for Neural Circuit Mapping University of California Irvine 92697 CA United States Statistics Program KAUST Thuwal Saudi Arabia Department of Biostatistics University of California Los Angeles CA United States

Optical imaging of genetically encoded calcium indicators is a powerful tool to record the activity of a large number of neurons simultaneously over a long period of time from freely behaving animals. However, determining the exact time at which a neuron spikes and estimating the underlying firing rate from calcium fluorescence data remains challenging, especially for calcium imaging data obtained from a longitudinal study. We propose a multi-trial time-varying ℓ₀ penalized method to jointly detect spikes and estimate firing rates by robustly integrating evolving neural dynamics across trials. Our simulation study shows that the proposed method performs well in both spike detection and firing rate estimation. We demonstrate the usefulness of our method on calcium fluorescence trace data from two studies, with the first study showing differential firing rate functions between two behaviors and the second study showing evolving firing rate functions across trials due to learning. © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： calcium imaging firing rate spike detection Time-varying penalty ℓ0 regularization

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Turning social news curation into microtask crowdsourcing: a vision and research agenda

Turning social news curation into microtask crowdsourcing: a...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Daniel Schneider António Correia Ramon Chaves Ana Paula Pimentel Marcio Antelio Edson Mello Lucas Marcos Antonio de Almeida Luiz Oliveira Jano Moreira de Souza Postgraduate Program in Informatics PPGI/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Tércio Pacitti Institute of Computer Applications and Research NCE/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil INESC TEC and University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal Graduate School of Engineering CEFET-RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Polytechnic Institute IPRJ/UERJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program (PESC/COPPE/UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9781728185262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728185279

Over the past decade, online crowdsourcing has established itself as an emerging paradigm that industry and government have been using to harness the cognitive abilities of a multitude of users distributed around the world. In this context, microtask crowdsourcing has become the method of choice for addressing a wide range of diverse problems. Microtasks typically require a minimum of time and cognitive effort, but combined individual efforts have made it possible to accomplish great achievements. The goal of this paper is to contribute to the ongoing effort of understanding whether the same success that microtask crowdsourcing has achieved in other domains can be obtained in the field of social news curation. In particular, we ask whether it is possible to turn online news curation, typically a social and collaborative activity on the Web, into a model in which curatorial activities are mapped into microtasks to be performed by a crowd of online users.

关键词： Crowdsourcing Industries Conferences Government Collaboration Turning Cybernetics

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Corrigendum to “Using remote sensing to calculate floating photovoltaic technical potential of a dam’s surface” [Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess. 41 (2020) 100799]

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Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2021年 43卷

作者： Ali Murat Ates Osman Salih Yilmaz Fatih Gulgen Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Education Computer and Instructional Technologies Department Turkey Manisa Celal Bayar University Demirci Vocational School Geographical Information Systems Program Turkey Yildiz Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering Geomatic Engineering Department Turkey

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Hybrid Cryptography on Wireless Sensor Network: A Systematic Literature Review 3

Hybrid Cryptography on Wireless Sensor Network: A Systematic...

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3rd International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2018

作者： Gandara, R. Benny Wang, Gunawan Utama, Ditdit Nugeraha Mereu Buana University Master Program of Electrical Engineering Jakarta Indonesia Information Systems Management Department Bina Nusantara University BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Information Systems Management Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department Bina Nusantara University BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538658215

Wireless technology gradual growth in the latest years has facilitated it to bridge its applications operated extensively in many types of industry. Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology brings several benefits over traditional wired technology by reason of the lower cost, immense flexibility escalation, and scalability which is able to be obtained from the old-style one. However, in its application WSN still experience some constraints on resource limitations in the form: processor, memory and energy, and any more challenges that related to availability, reliability and security. Based on its benefits, limitation, and challenges, and also three systematic stages, the review study was performed. The result of study was portrayed in this paper. It is regarding investigation result of hybrid cryptography (HC, as one of defense methods) realized for WSN to methodically increase the security level and decrease the resources usage. The result concluded that HC was proven in escalating the security defense level and downgrading the resources use on WSN compared to symmetric and asymmetric algorithms. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Vibration-based classification of road damages: Gyroscope data and a simple neural network model 2

Vibration-based classification of road damages: Gyroscope da...

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2nd International Conference on Eco engineering Development 2018, ICEED 2018

作者： Gunawan, Fergyanto E. Herriyandi Soewito, Benfano Mauritsius, Tuga Surantha, Nico Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Information Systems Management Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Information Systems Management Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

A system for automatic detection of road damages is essential for logistics management. At the core of the system lies an algorithm for classification of damages. This work intends to establish such an algorithm. In the current proposal, the algorithm receives data of the probe vehicle rate of rotations, extracts statistics descriptive from the data to produce a feature vector, and finally, feeds the vector to a simple-three-layer neural network to classify the damages. The types of damages are limited to four cases: normal, pothole, speed bump, and expansion joint. For the development, a probe vehicle is used to produce 400 empirical data involving those four damage cases. By using Monte Carlo approach, the established neural network model is evaluated. The results show that the approach is able to classify the cases with 85% accuracy. The study also finds that the rates of pitch and roll to be the determining factors. © 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural network models

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Uncertainties and interdependence of porous parameters using Bayesian model-based analysis 48

Uncertainties and interdependence of porous parameters using...

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48th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control engineering, INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID

作者： Ritchie, Kyle Xiang, Ning Horoshenkov, Kirill Hurrell, Alistair Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselear Polytechnic Institute 110 8th St TroyNY12180 United States Graduate Program in Architectural Acoustics Rensselear Polytechnic Institute 110 8th St TroyNY12180 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Sheffield Western Bank SheffieldS10 2TN United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9788487985317

Traditional modeling for sound propagation in porous media has been done knowing the macroscopic physical parameters intrinsic to the material. Using Bayesian model-based analysis the uncertainties of these parameters and their effect on the accuracy of the selected model can be studied. The Horoshenkov Model [Horoshenkov, et al., JASA vol 139 (2016)], or similarly Miki Model [Miki, JASJ, vol 11, pp.25-28 (1990)], can be used to estimate the mean pore size and porosity of the material under test from measurements of surface impedance or absorption coefficient using glass beads of known diameter and layer thickness as an experimental model. The accuracy of these models can be compared using quantitative measures such as mean, variance and the interdependence of the estimated parameters. This paper discusses the error and likelihood of several models using the experimentally measured data sets. © INTER-NOISE 2019 MADRID - 48th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control engineering. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Porous materials

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Light Trapping Shape Optimization of Organic Solar Cells for Maximum Conversion Efficiency

Light Trapping Shape Optimization of Organic Solar Cells for...

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IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC)

作者： Muath Bani Salim Reza Nekovei Amit Verma Sustainable Energy Systems Engineering Program Texas A&M University –Kingsville Kingsville TX USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Texas A&M University –Kingsville Kingsville TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728126371

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126388

This paper explores the light-trapping shape optimization to maximize the organic photovoltaic cells (OPV) conversion efficiency (PCE). The optimization aims to find the best light-trapping profile of the hole transfer layer that can absorb more light and minimize reflection. The optimization is done using Genetic Algorithm and by considering the PCE as the primary objective function. The results show that the PCE of P3HT:PCBM increases from 3.96% to 4.45% by using the optimized shape. Also, the same optimized shape can be used with other OPV materials like PTB7:PC71BM at which the PCE increases from 8.2% to 8.9%.

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