The level of a given mRNA or protein exhibits significant variations from cell-to-cell across a homogenous population of living cells. Much work has focused on understanding the different sources of noise in the gene-...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467357159
The level of a given mRNA or protein exhibits significant variations from cell-to-cell across a homogenous population of living cells. Much work has focused on understanding the different sources of noise in the gene-expression process that drive this stochastic variability in gene-expression. Recent experiments tracking growth and division of individual cells reveal that cell division times have considerable intercellular heterogeneity. Here we investigate how randomness in the cell division times can create variability in population counts. We consider a model where mRNA/protein levels evolve according to a linear differential equation with cell divisions times spaced by independent and identically distributed random intervals. Whenever the cell divides the population of mRNA and protein is halved. Considering gamma distributed cell division intervals, we provide a method for computing the mean and variance of mRNA and protein levels and provide exact analytical formulas for the asymptotic values of these statistical moments. Computation of the statistical moments for physiologically relevant parameter values shows that randomness in the cell division process can be a major factor in driving difference in protein levels across a population of cells.
We analyze the optimal location of underwater acoustic sensor nodes, with respect to the capacity of the wireless links between the nodes, in a multi-hop hierarchical tree structure based on the information each node ...
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We analyze the optimal location of underwater acoustic sensor nodes, with respect to the capacity of the wireless links between the nodes, in a multi-hop hierarchical tree structure based on the information each node has to transfer between underwater levels. A novel algorithm is proposed to calculate the optimal distances between sensor nodes for the proposed hierarchical network. Numerical results for different channel conditions; such as an ideal channel, an imperfect channel with a certain BER, and a channel with interference, are provided. In addition, our algorithm is used to obtain the optimal frequency for each level in the tree shaped network for the above-mentioned conditions.
The thermal behavoir of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) is important since overheating of the permanent magnets can lead to demagnetization. This article gives an overview of a hybrid thermal model for a...
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The thermal behavoir of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) is important since overheating of the permanent magnets can lead to demagnetization. This article gives an overview of a hybrid thermal model for a high speed PMSM which combines lumped parameter and analytical models. The losses found in a slotless PMSM are also discussed since they are the heat sources. An overview of the experiments performed to determine some of the thermal parameters and verify the models are also given. It is shown that bearing loss can make a significant contribution to the thermal behavior of a machine.
We describe the design of an optical network architecture that will satisfy dramatic increases in data rate demands of emerging applications. Optical flow switching (OFS), will enable significant rate growth of > 1...
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We describe the design of an optical network architecture that will satisfy dramatic increases in data rate demands of emerging applications. Optical flow switching (OFS), will enable significant rate growth of > 10 3 , with power-efficiency and cost-effective scalability of next-generation networks. We will describe architecture concepts germinated 24 years ago, technology and testbed demonstrations performed in the last 19 years, and the architecture construct from the Physical Layer to the Transport Layer of an implementable optical flow switching network that is scalable and manageable. Recent architecture for an NSF-funded Internet research Program “UltraFlow”, for which OFS can be used, will be described.
Cooperative spectrum sharing systems (CSSSs) have recently received considerable attention from the wireless community due to their performance gains and spectrum utilization improvement when compared to traditional c...
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Cooperative spectrum sharing systems (CSSSs) have recently received considerable attention from the wireless community due to their performance gains and spectrum utilization improvement when compared to traditional communication systems. Owing to this fact, we investigate the outage performance of CSSSs in the presence of multiple primary users (PUs). The secondary user (SU) network is composed by one source node, N decode-and-forward (DF) relays, and one destination. A best relay selection strategy is performed where the selected relay is that which maximizes the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and, simultaneously, satisfies the interference constraint imposed by the M PU receivers. The communication between the SU source and SU destination is carried out through the help of one out of N DF relays and also via direct link. Afterwards, the SU destination selects the best path between the direct and the relaying path by using selection combining technique. A closed-form expression for the outage probability (OP) is derived, and an asymptotic analysis is carried out which reveals that the diversity order of the considered system equals N + 1, showing that it is not affected neither by the number of PU receivers nor by the interference threshold. The presented analytical expressions are corroborated by means of Monte Carlo simulations and insightful discussions are provided.
The giant amplification of terahertz radiation due to stimulated generation of plasmons in graphene with a planar Bragg grating strongly coupled to terahertz radiation is predicted. The amplification of terahertz wave...
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We consider random threshold graphs where the fitness variables are exponentially distributed. Simulations show that the zero-one law for graph connectivity exhibits a sharp phase transition. We formalize this observa...
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We consider random threshold graphs where the fitness variables are exponentially distributed. Simulations show that the zero-one law for graph connectivity exhibits a sharp phase transition. We formalize this observation by providing exact asymptotics for the width of the phase transition in the many node regime.
The increasing amount of wind power in power system needs more attention particularly in voltage regulation. This paper presents a control strategy based on model predictive control that tries to regulate the voltage ...
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The increasing amount of wind power in power system needs more attention particularly in voltage regulation. This paper presents a control strategy based on model predictive control that tries to regulate the voltage which is disturbed by wind power. In this paper, control algorithm is applied to Hydro-Quebec electrical network. Furthermore, disturbances are intentionally inserted to some loads to verify the performance of control algorithm to violation and wind power in the same time. The results show the performance and ability of controller.
Polyimide aerogels were considered to serve as a filling for millimeter-wave waveguides. While these waveguides present a slightly higher loss than hollow waveguides, they have less losses than Duroid substrate integr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467353168
Polyimide aerogels were considered to serve as a filling for millimeter-wave waveguides. While these waveguides present a slightly higher loss than hollow waveguides, they have less losses than Duroid substrate integrated waveguides (less than 0.15 dB at Ka-band, in a 20 mm section), and exhibit an order of magnitude of mass reduction when compared to commercial waveguides. A Ka-band slotted aerogel-filled-waveguide array was designed, which provided the same gain (9 dBi) as its standard waveguide counterpart, and a slotted aerogel-filled-waveguide array using folded-slots was designed for comparison, obtaining a gain of 9 dB and a bandwidth of 590 MHz.
This paper deals with the control of processes having recycle streams. These processes can be modeled as state delayed systems. In this work the problem of robust design of an observed-based controller for these syste...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479901890
This paper deals with the control of processes having recycle streams. These processes can be modeled as state delayed systems. In this work the problem of robust design of an observed-based controller for these systems is presented. The system is assumed to have norm-bounded uncertainties which are independent in every matrix involved in its state space realization. To ensure asymptotic stability of the closed loop system, a Lyapunov functional is used to obtain delay-independent design conditions. The controller design is accomplished by means of a convex optimization procedure formulated using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the main characteristics of the proposed design method.
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