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20th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology, FIT 2023

作者： Mahmood, Danyaal Arshad, Usama Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Khan, Talha Ali Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Siddique, Abu Bakar Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany Applications & Nanostructure BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395785

The advent of deep Q-learning has opened up new possibilities in training autonomous agents to perform intelligently in intricate settings. This research work examines the potential of deep Q-learning in the paradigmatic Snake game, which requires an agent to navigate a grid, ingest food items, and avoid collisions. We incorporated a partially observable game state, introducing a novel level of difficulty to the task. Our proposed approach utilizes a straightforward feed-forward neural network to estimate Q-values of potential actions, given the current state. The agent progressively learns to balance between exploration and exploitation, allowing it to navigate optimally in the game scenario. Most existing studies in deep Q-learning for the Snake game overlook the complexities posed by partial observability, focusing mainly on fully observable state representations. Furthermore, the majority of the investigations delve into the efficacy of complex neural network architectures, leaving a gap in the understanding of the performance of more simplistic feed-forward networks. Our study fills this gap by offering an in-depth exploration and analysis of deep Q-learning strategies, especially when applied to partially observable game states and simple neural networks. Simulations and results reveal that adopting simpler state representations can significantly boost the agent's performance in the Snake game. A more detailed and intricate reward function is also observed to enhance the agent's decision-making skills and overall proficiency in the game. These observations underscore the significance of optimizing state representations and reward functions for maximizing the performance of deep Q-learning agents in the Snake game. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous agents

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Parkinson’s Disease Detection from Resting State EEG using Multi-Head Graph Structure Learning with Gradient Weighted Graph Attention Explanations

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Neves, Christopher Zeng, Yong Xiao, Yiming Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University MontrealQC Canada Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering Concordia University MontrealQC Canada

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that has severe impacts on an individual’s quality of life. Compared with structural and functional MRI-based biomarkers for the disease, electroencephalography (EEG) can provide more accessible alternatives for clinical insights. While deep learning (DL) techniques have provided excellent outcomes, many techniques fail to model spatial information and dynamic brain connectivity, and face challenges in robust feature learning, limited data sizes, and poor explainability. To address these issues, we proposed a novel graph neural network (GNN) technique for explainable PD detection using resting state EEG. Specifically, we employ structured global convolutions with contrastive learning to better model complex features with limited data, a novel multi-head graph structure learner to capture the non-Euclidean structure of EEG data, and a head-wise gradient-weighted graph attention explainer to offer neural connectivity insights. We developed and evaluated our method using the UC San Diego Parkinson’s disease EEG dataset, and achieved 69.40% detection accuracy in subject-wise leave-one-out cross-validation while generating intuitive explanations for the learnt graph topology. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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DDoS Detection Using Active and Idle Features of Revised CICFlowMeter and Statistical Approaches 4

DDoS Detection Using Active and Idle Features of Revised CIC...

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4th International Conference on Advanced Science and engineering, ICOASE 2022

作者： Ali, Basheer Husham Sulaiman, Nasri Al-Haddad, S.A.R. Atan, Rodziah Hassan, Siti Lailatul Mohd Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Serdang Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Serdang Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Serdang Malaysia Software Eng. and Information Systems Dept Serdang Malaysia School of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472227

Distributed Denial of services (DDoS) attack is one of the most dangerous attacks that targeted servers. The main consequence of this attack is to prevent users from getting their legitimate services by bringing down targeted victim. CICFlowMeter tool generates bi-directional flows from packets. Each flow generates 83 of different features. The research focuses on 8 features which are active min (f1), active mean (f2), active max (f3), active std (f4), idle min (f5), idle mean (f6), idle max (f7), and idle std (f8). CICFlowMeter tool has several problems that affected on the detection accuracy of DDoS attacks. The idle and active based feature of Shannon entropy and sequential probability ratio test (SE-SPRT) approach was implemented in this research. The problems of original CICFlowMeter were presented, and the differences between original and revised version of CICFlowMeter tool were explored. The DARPA database and confusion matrix were used to evaluate the detection technique and present the comparison between two versions of CICFlowMeter. The detection method detected neptune and smurf attacks and had higher accuracy, f1-score, sensitivity, specificity, and precision when revised version of CICFlowMeter used to generate flows. However, the detection method failed to detect neptune attack and had higher miss-rate, lower accuracy, lower f1-score, and lower specificity, and lower precision when original version used in generating flows. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Denial-of-service attack

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Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algorithm-driven Feature Selection

Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algori...

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2023 International Conference on IT and Industrial Technologies, ICIT 2023

作者： Faridoon, Fatima Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Shahzadi, Nazia Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Arshad, Usama Ali, Nisar Imad, Muhammad Nabi, Said Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315974

PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder frequently found in women of reproductive age having a significant impact on the cause of infertility. It is an endocrine condition characterized by abnormalities in female hormone levels and aberrant synthesis of male hormones. This syndrome causes ovarian malfunction, increasing the risk of miscarriage and infertility. PCOS has a wide range of symptoms, making a diagnosis difficult. In this study, we proposed a feature selection method based on genetic algorithm with logistic regression to increase the accuracy of early diagnosis. A dataset containing the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 109 patients, including 36 with PCOS, is used. The genetic algorithm is used to extract the most important features from the dataset. Then, a logistic regression model is used for classification. The proposed model outperformed the baseline model that used all features, which had an accuracy of 86.2%, and produced a markedly improved accuracy of 95.4%. These results show that the proposed model effectively locates key characteristics for PCOS diagnosis. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detection models for NSL-KDD data sets

Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detecti...

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2023 International Conference on IT and Industrial Technologies, ICIT 2023

作者： Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Abu Bakar, Muhammad Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Arshad, Usama Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Imad, Muhammad Nabi, Said Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315974

This study investigates the application of the Mutual Information (MI) feature selection technique to improve the accuracy of Machine Learning (ML) models on NSL-KDD datasets, building upon prior research. Six ML models, namely Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with different kernels (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), are implemented for classification purposes. The proposed DT model in this study shows higher accuracy than the DT model proposed in the original paper by Ingre et al. for Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Additionally, a multi-class classification model for NSL-KDD datasets is developed, considering both normalized and non-normalized features. Interestingly, it is observed that the models trained without normalized features achieve higher accuracies compared to those trained with normalized features. Moreover, the study enhances the classification performance of the DT-based IDS using the Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS) technique for feature selection. The proposed IDS is evaluated both before and after feature selection for multi-class classification (normal and various attack types) and binary classification (normal and abnormal data). © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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CAC 2.0: A Corrupt and Correct Logic Locking Technique Resilient to Structural Analysis Attacks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Aksoy, Levent Yasin, Muhammad Pagliarini, Samuel Department of Computer Systems Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Department of Computer and Software Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh United States

Logic locking proposed to protect integrated circuits from serious hardware threats has been studied extensively over a decade. In these years, many efficient logic locking techniques have been proven to be broken. The state-of-the-art logic locking techniques, including the prominent corrupt and correct (CAC) technique, are resilient to satisfiability (SAT)-based and removal attacks, but vulnerable to structural analysis attacks. To overcome this drawback, this paper introduces an improved version of CAC, called CAC 2.0, which increases the search space of structural analysis attacks using obfuscation. To do so, CAC 2.0 locks the original circuit twice, one after another, on different nodes with different number of protected primary inputs using CAC, while hiding original protected primary inputs among decoy primary inputs. This paper also introduces an open source logic locking tool, called HIID, equipped with well-known techniques including CAC 2.0. Our experiments show that CAC 2.0 is resilient to existing SAT-based, removal, and structural analysis attacks. To achieve this, it increases the number of key inputs at most 4× and the gate-level area between 30.2% and 0.8% on circuits with low and high complexity with respect to CAC. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Structural analysis

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A Two-Tier Framework Based on GoogLeNet and YOLOv3 Models for Tumor Detection in MRI

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 73-92页

作者： Farman Ali Sadia Khan Arbab Waseem Abbas Babar Shah Tariq Hussain Dongho Song Shaker EI-Sappagh Jaiteg Singh Department of Software Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Institute of Computer Sciences&Information Technology The University of AgriculturePeshawar25130Pakistan College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityDubai19282UAE Department of Software Korea Aerospace UniversitySeoul10540Korea Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala UniversitySuez435611Egypt Information Systems Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial IntelligenceBenha UniversityBanha13518Egypt Chitkara University Institute of Engineering&Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401India

Medical Image Analysis(MIA)is one of the active research areas in computer vision,where brain tumor detection is the most investigated domain among researchers due to its deadly *** tumor detection in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)assists radiologists for better analysis about the exact size and location of the ***,the existing systems may not efficiently classify the human brain tumors with significantly higher *** addition,smart and easily implementable approaches are unavailable in 2D and 3D medical images,which is the main problem in detecting the *** this paper,we investigate various deep learning models for the detection and localization of the tumor in MRI.A novel twotier framework is proposed where the first tire classifies normal and tumor MRI followed by tumor regions localization in the second ***,in this paper,we introduce a well-annotated dataset comprised of tumor and normal *** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework by achieving 97%accuracy using GoogLeNet on the proposed dataset for classification and 83%for localization tasks after finetuning the pre-trained you only look once(YOLO)v3 model.

关键词： Tumor localization MRI Image classification GoogLeNet YOLOv3

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Multimodal Fusion for Enhanced Parkinson's Disease Screening: Integrating Brain MRI, Hand Drawing, Facial Expressions, and Voice Analysis 5

Multimodal Fusion for Enhanced Parkinson's Disease Screening...

引用

5th International Conference on Advancements in Computing, ICAC 2023

作者： Warnakulasuriya, Naveen De Silva, Shalinika Madushika, Janani Gamage, Sadali Jayawardena, Sanath Karunasena, Anuradha Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Faculty of Computing Department of Information Technology Malabe Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Faculty of Computing Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Faculty of Computing Department of Computer Systems Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358131

Parkinson's disease (PD) profoundly impacts millions in Sri Lanka, emphasizing the importance of early detection for better patient outcomes. We introduce 'NeuraTrace PD,' an innovative application for early PD screening, combining brain MRI, hand-drawn image analysis, facial expression assessment, and voice analysis. For brain MRI analysis, we employed a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), achieving an impressive accuracy of 91% and identifying distinct graph connectivity patterns using graph theory. We also use a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to reach 90% accuracy in analyzing hand-drawn images, while optimizing image resolution for efficiency and information retention. Facial expression analysis is a vital component, leveraging CNN and Constrained Local Models (CLM) to accurately extract Facial Action Units (FAUs), which contribute to a remarkable 95% accuracy using the XGBoost machine learning model. We introduce a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm and advanced signal processing to enhance voice feature analysis, offering a thorough understanding and classification of PD patients. It reaches 99% accuracy. In summary, our approach holds significant promise for advancing early PD diagnosis, ultimately improving the quality of life for those affected by this challenging condition. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image resolution

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Adaptive Deep Learning Model to Enhance Smart Greenhouse Agriculture

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2545-2564页

作者： Medhat A.Tawfeek Nacim Yanes Leila Jamel Ghadah Aldehim Mahmood A.Mahmood Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityP.O.Box 72314SkakaSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationMenoufia UniversityP.O.Box 6121890MenoufiaEgypt Department of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesJouf UniversityP.O.Box 72314SkakaSaudi Arabia RIADI Laboratory La Manouba UniversityP.O.Box2010ManoubaTunisia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems and Technology Faculty of Graduate Studies and ResearchCairo UniversityP.O.Box 3753450GizaEgypt

The trend towards smart greenhouses stems from various factors,including a lack of agricultural land area owing to population concentration and housing construction on agricultural land,as well as water *** study proposes building a full farming adaptation model that depends on current sensor readings and available datasets from different agricultural research *** proposed model uses a one-dimensional convolutional neural network(CNN)deep learning model to control the growth of strategic crops,including cucumber,pepper,tomato,and *** proposed model uses the Internet of Things(IoT)to collect data on agricultural operations and then uses this data to control and monitor these operations in real *** helps to ensure that crops are getting the right amount of fertilizer,water,light,and temperature,which can lead to improved yields and a reduced risk of crop *** dataset is based on data collected from expert farmers,the photovoltaic construction process,agricultural engineers,and research *** experimental results showed that the precision,recall,F1-measures,and accuracy of the one-dimensional CNN for the tested dataset were approximately 97.3%,98.2%,97.25%,and 97.56%,*** new smart greenhouse automation system was also evaluated on four crops with a high turnover *** system has been found to be highly effective in terms of crop productivity,temperature management and water conservation.

关键词： Greenhouse wireless sensor network deep learning Internet of Things strategic crops monitoring smart irrigation

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Smart Home User Interface: Development and Comparison

Smart Home User Interface: Development and Comparison

引用

International Conference on Industrial engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM)

作者： R. Faizrakhmanov A. Platunov M. Bahrami Cyberphysical Systems Laboratory Innopolis University Kazan Russian Faculty of Software Engineering and Computer Systems ITMO University Saint-Petesburg Russia

The active development of the Internet of Things (IoT) in recent years has increased people’s need for control smart devices for home. At the same time, the complexity of these devices is growing. Therefore, Smart Home systems require a simple and convenient interface for control. However, methods for evaluating and comparing interfaces are not clear. In this paper, we described a method to comparing and evaluating different types of Smart Home interfaces. In addition, we evaluate results experimentally. For this comparison, we used a popular Smart Home control software on the market. The results showed that Smart Home graphical user interfaces are more convenient than a messenger or voice. Voice interface is suitable for controlling a Smart Home but is not informative enough in feedback. On the other hand, the familiar interface of the messenger turned out to be the least convenient. This study will help both researchers and practitioners evaluate and choose the right Smart Home interface.

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