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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Tianjiao Wan Yutao Dou Kele Xu Zijian Gao Bo Ding Dawei Feng Huaimin Wang National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Key Laboratory of Software Engineering for Complex Systems Changsha China College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University Changsha China

Deep supervised learning has demonstrated strong capabilities; however, such progress relies on massive and expensive data annotation. Active Learning (AL) has been introduced to selectively annotate samples, thus reducing the human labeling effort. Previous AL research has focused on employing recently trained models to design sampling strategies, based on uncertainty or representativeness. Drawing inspiration from the issue of model forgetting, we propose a novel AL framework called Temporal Inconsistency-Based Active Learning (TIR-AL). In this framework, multiple snapshots of the models across consecutive cycles are jointly utilized to select samples with higher temporal inconsistency, by computing the proposed self-weighted nuclear norm metric. Furthermore, we introduce a consistency regularization term to mitigate the issue of forgetting. Together, these components make full use of the potential of data and facilitate effective interaction within the AL loop. To demonstrate the efficacy of TIR-AL, we conducted a set of experiments illustrating how our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods without incurring any additional training costs.

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Self-Reported Learning Strategies and Preferences in Health Informatics

Self-Reported Learning Strategies and Preferences in Health ...

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34th Medical Informatics Europe Conference, MIE 2024

作者： Rohani, Narjes Gallagher, Michael Gal, Kobi Banas, Kasia Manataki, Areti Usher institute University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Moray House School of Education and Sport University of Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Dept. of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University Israel School of Computer Science University of St Andrews United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685335

Despite the proliferation of educational programmes in Health Informatics (HI) worldwide, there is limited knowledge regarding students' preferences and learning strategies in HI courses. To address this gap, we conducted a study to gather and analyse data from three HI courses. Employing the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) and theories of deep and surface learning, we designed a questionnaire to collect data. The analysis of students' responses indicates that machine learning emerges as one of the most interesting topics, while certain topics such as data wrangling of genomics data were more challenging for students. Students expressed a preference for sequential learning. They exhibited multimodal tendencies regarding the type of learning resources, with tendency to prefer learning resources that have more visual contents. In all three courses, learners reported using deep learning strategy rather than surface learning, yet they appear to struggle with employing organisation, elaboration, and peer learning tactics. This study provides valuable insights into HI education, offering recommendations for educators, learners, and researchers to enhance HI education. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Architecting Digital Twins for Intelligent Transportation systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bhatt, Hiya Sahil Vaidhyanathan, Karthik Biju, Rahul Gangadharan, Deepak Trestian, Ramona Shah, Purav Software Engineering Research Centre IIIT Hyderabad India Computer Systems Group IIIT Hyderabad India Faculty of Science and Technology Middlesex University London United Kingdom

Modern transportation systems face growing challenges in managing traffic flow, ensuring safety, and maintaining operational efficiency amid dynamic traffic patterns. Addressing these challenges requires intelligent solutions capable of real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and adaptive control. This paper proposes an architecture for DigIT, a Digital Twin (DT) platform for Intelligent Transportation systems (ITS), designed to overcome the limitations of existing frameworks by offering a modular and scalable solution for traffic management. Built on a Domain Concept Model (DCM), the architecture systematically models key ITS components enabling seamless integration of predictive modeling and simulations. The architecture leverages machine learning models to forecast traffic patterns based on historical and real-time data. To adapt to evolving traffic patterns, the architecture incorporates adaptive Machine Learning Operations (MLOps), automating the deployment and lifecycle management of predictive models. Evaluation results highlight the effectiveness of the architecture in delivering accurate predictions and computational efficiency. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Adaptive control systems

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Genetic Algorithm-Based Feature Selection for Accurate Breast Cancer Classification

Genetic Algorithm-Based Feature Selection for Accurate Breas...

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2023 International Conference on IT and Industrial Technologies, ICIT 2023

作者： Shabbir, Attia Ali, Raja Hashim Shabbir, Muhammad Zeeshan Abideen, Zain Ul Khan, Talha Ali Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Imad, Muhammad Bakar, Muhammad Abu Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Lahore Pakistan BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Basque Country Leioa Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315974

Breast cancer is a significant global healthcare challenge, particularly in developing and underdeveloped countries, with profound physical, emotional, and psychological consequences, including mortality. Timely diagnosis and accurate treatment are crucial in addressing this issue. We propose the utilization of a feature selection technique to identify the most relevant features from among all features for breast cancer diagnosis, and show that Genetic Algorithms are impressive for this task. The study compares the results of GA with no selection and an alternative method, Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Three machine learning models, all based on supervised learning with data split into training and test data, are employed for binary classification using the selected feature subset. The evaluation metrics employed encompass accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Among the selected models, Random Forest demonstrates the most favorable outcomes, achieving an accuracy score of 0.96, precision score of 0.96, recall value of 0.98, and an F1-score of 0.97. These results underscore the effectiveness of GA in feature selection for breast cancer diagnosis. Consequently, the integration of Genetic Algorithms (GA) with Random Forest showcases the superior performance among the evaluated models. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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The Future of Mobile Payments: Blockchain-Based Solutions

The Future of Mobile Payments: Blockchain-Based Solutions

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Information Technology (ACIT)

作者： Mahmoud Obaid Allam Abumwais Rami Hodrob Suhail Odeh Murad Obaid Computer Systems Engineering Arab American University Jenin Palestine Software Engineering Bethlehem University Bethlehem Palestine Management Information Systems Cyprus International University Northern Cyprus Turkey

Blockchain technology has the potential to disrupt the banking and financial sector, even if existing institutions are unable to benefit from it. Most banks are looking to use blockchain technology for smart contracts, payments, and trading platforms in order to reduce fraud, secure and expedite transactions, cut costs, increase data quality, and enable Know Your Customer (KYC). In recent years, blockchain has gained a lot of attention as one of the most popular ways to secure data transfer through decentralized peer-to-peer systems. Blockchain is an immutable ledger that enables secure, decentralized transaction execution. This complex yet secure system has a stellar reputation and is attracting a growing number of clients. This paper proposes a new conceptual framework for using mobile payment blockchain technology to address the needs of customers (both consumers and business owners) for faster, safer, more affordable, real-time, and secure payments that also eliminate the need for intermediary parties to approve and reconcile transactions. The framework reduces operational risk by ensuring the transparency and immutability of all transactions.

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An Image Analysis-Based Automated Method using Deep Learning for Grain Counting 17

An Image Analysis-Based Automated Method using Deep Learning...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Industrial and Information systems, ICIIS 2023

作者： Ajikaran, Ramesh Hewarathna, Ashen Iranga Palanisamy, Vigneshwaran Joseph, Charles Thuseethan, Selvarajah Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Dept. of Computing and Infromation Systems Sri Lanka Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Dept. of Software Engineering Sri Lanka Fau Dept. of Computer Science Germany School of Information Technology Deakin University Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323634

In the process of quality analysis of grains, number counting is one of the key steps for agricultural production. Traditional manual grain counting methods are time-consuming and subject to human error, and automated methods have the potential to improve accuracy and save time. In this study, we aimed to develop an image analysis-based method to automatically quantify the number of grains in a quicker manner. The 576 grain images were collected manually, and labelImg tagging tool used to annotate to generate a text file with their respective positions by drawing bounding boxes manually. The datasets consist were separated into three groups: training, validation, and test. For object detection, the YOLOv5, YOLOv4, and YOLOv3 algorithms represent cutting-edge deep learning frameworks. They replace the tedious and error-prone manual counting process by precisely identifying and counting grains in images obtained from agricultural fields. This technique helps to increase grain counting's precision and effectiveness. We believe this method will be extremely beneficial in guiding the development of high throughput systems for counting the number of grains in other crops as it performs well with a wide range of backgrounds, picture sizes, grain sizes, as well as various quantities of grain crowding. When compared to the other two approaches, YOLOv4 performed well in terms of accuracy, speed, and robustness (97.65%), demonstrating that the suggested strategy is competitive with other cutting-edge deep networkst. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Grain (agricultural product)

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UVM Based Verification Framework for Deep Learning Hardware Accelerator: Case Study

UVM Based Verification Framework for Deep Learning Hardware ...

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Electrical, computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET), International Conference on

作者： Randa Aboudeif Tasneem A. Awaad Mohamed AbdElsalam Yehea Ismail Electronics and Communications Engineering Department The American University in Cairo Siemens Digital Industries Software Cairo Egypt Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Siemens Digital Industries Software Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Siemens Digital Industries Software Cairo Egypt Electronics and Communications Engineering Department The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350395914

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395921

Hardware Verification of Deep Learning Accelerators (DLAs) has become critically important for testing the reliability and trustworthiness of Learning Enabled Autonomous systems (LEAS). In this paper, we introduce a scalable, reusable, and efficient hardware verification framework for DLAs using the Universal verification methodology (UVM). The verification environment is focused on testing the inference functionality of the perception module in LEAS for different DLA designs. Moreover, the verification environment is portable across simulation and hardware-assisted verification platforms for emulation and FPGA prototyping. To assess our proposed UVM design methodology, we have applied it to the Nvidia Deep Learning Accelerator (NVDLA), an open-source core for DLAs as a case study.

关键词： Deep learning Runtime Design methodology Emulation Stability analysis Convolutional neural networks Reliability Hardware acceleration Field programmable gate arrays Testing

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Deep Learning-Based Operators for Evolutionary Algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Shem-Tov, Eliad Sipper, Moshe Elyasaf, Achiya Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva8410501 Israel Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva8410501 Israel Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva8410501 Israel

We present two novel domain-independent genetic operators that harness the capabilities of deep learning: a crossover operator for genetic algorithms and a mutation operator for genetic programming. Deep Neural Crossover leverages the capabilities of deep reinforcement learning and an encoder-decoder architecture to select offspring genes. BERT mutation masks multiple gp-tree nodes and then tries to replace these masks with nodes that will most likely improve the individual's fitness. We show the efficacy of both operators through experimentation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Genetic programming

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A Study of Two Types of Introductory Exercise Problems for Network Programming Learning with Python 23

A Study of Two Types of Introductory Exercise Problems for N...

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11th International Conference on computer and Communications Management, ICCCM 2023

作者： Lu, Xiqin Funabiki, Nobuo Ueda, Kiyoshi Kao, Wen-Chung Department of Information and Communication Systems Distributed System Design Lab. Okayama University Okayama Japan Department of Computer Science Control Software Lab. Nihon University Koriyama Japan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707735

Network programming is the act of writing computer codes for communications between programs or processes in different computers across networks. It is crucial for applications and services using networks, including e-commerce, gaming, and social media. However, university courses of educating it are very limited. As a result, it has become important to develop and offer IT tools to support self-studies of network programming by novices. In this paper, we present a study of two types of introductory exercise problems, namely, Grammar-concept Understanding Problem (GUP) and Comment Insertion Problem (CIP), for self-studies of five basic network protocols of TCP/IP, ARP, SMTP, POP3, and SSH with Python. A GUP instance requests to answer the keyword such as a library function in the given source code that corresponds to the grammar concept described in the question. A CIP instance requests to insert the comment at each blank of the code. String matching is adopted to mark any answer at the browser-based answer interface. Through solving them, it is expected to understand the meaning of important words and the code structure for network programming. As preliminary evaluations, we generated six GUP and CIP instances respectively, and assigned them to 10 students in Okayama University, Japan. The results confirmed that the proposal is proper for novices to learn network programming with Python. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Python

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LED there be DoS: Exploiting variable bitrate IP cameras for network DoS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Goldberg, Emmanuel Brodt, Oleg Elyashar, Aviad Puzis, Rami Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel Cyber Labs@BGU Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel Department of Computer Science Shamoon College of Engineering Israel

Variable-bitrate video streaming is ubiquitous in video surveillance and CCTV, enabling high-quality video streaming while conserving network bandwidth. However, as the name suggests, variable-bitrate IP cameras can generate sharp traffic spikes depending on the dynamics of the visual input. In this paper, we show that the effectiveness of video compression can be reduced by up to 6× using a simple laser LED pointing at a variable-bitrate IP camera, forcing the camera to generate excessive network traffic. Experiments with IP cameras connected to wired and wireless networks indicate that a laser attack on a single camera can cause significant packet loss in systems sharing the network with the camera and reduce the available bandwidth of a shared network link by 90%. This attack represents a new class of cyber-physical attacks that manipulate variable bitrate devices through changes in the physical environment without a digital presence on the device or on the network. We also analyze the broader view of multidimensional cyberattacks that involve both the physical and digital realms and present a taxonomy that categorizes attacks based on their direction of influence (physical-to-digital or digital-to-physical) and their method of operation (environment-driven or device-driven), highlighting multiple areas for future research. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Video streaming

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