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Requirement Classification using Deep Learning and Nature-Inspired Optimization Technique

Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第6期49卷 117-146页

作者： Sonawane, Sonal Puthran, Shubha Department of Computer Engineering Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering SVKM’s NMIMS Mumbai400056 India

Recent advancements in requirements engineering (RE) methods have increasingly leveraged machine learning (ML) algorithms to address challenging RE issues such as the identification and classification of software requirements in requirement documents. Classifying software requirements accurately and efficiently is crucial for the success of the project. Functional and nonfunctional requirements define the core attributes and constraints of a system. When requirements are documented in natural language, they often introduce uncertainties such as ambiguity, inconsistency, or poor readability making the process challenging. Further, manual extraction of requirements is tideous and error prone as it requires precise interpretation, thereby mitigating the risks of miscommunication and errors in the development *** address these challenges, it is vital to employ Natural Language Processing (NLP)techniques to enhance the clarity of requirements. This paper proposes a method that combines deep learning models with NLP techniques, supplemented by Flower Pollination Optimizer (FPO) algorithm, to automate the classification of requirements. The methodology leverages NLP to extract significant features for training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. CNN model is enhanced using the FPO algorithm to ensure better convergence. The performance of the proposed CNN-FPO framework is evaluated using an industry SmartNet dataset, with results indicating that the accuracy of the classification can reach up to 98% as compared to other traditional machine learning(ML) *** integration of NLP with an optimized CNN model creates a robust framework for requirement classification, addressing the challenges posed by natural language documentation in requirements engineering. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Text steganography: enhanced character-level embedding algorithm using font attribute with increased resilience to statistical attacks

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 9367-9392页

作者： KL, Shreya Narasimhan R, Bala Krishnan Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu Tiruchirappalli India

Text steganography, the science of hiding secret messages in innocent-looking text documents ensures the secrecy of the embedded secret. Cryptography, on the other hand, encrypts and converts the secret message into an unintelligible form ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of the message. It is to be noted that both steganography and cryptography are expected to work together hand-in-hand in order to attain a better security. Hence, a methodology that combines techniques from both steganography and cryptography is an unavoidable one for the complete protection of sensitive data. This paper aims to achieve one such methodology. The best existing method which works in similar direction is observed to use character spacing feature of text documents to embed the secrets. The method is reported to attain an average embedding capacity of ≈2 bits/cover-character and 8-bits/distortion with high imperceptibility and considerable cryptographic security. However, during experimentation, it is noticed that the methodology has the potential vulnerability of leaving clues for attackers with a probability of 0.51% which paves way for possible statistical attacks namely frequency analysis. This vulnerability occurred because of the constant left circular shift operation that is performed after embedding each secret character. This paper aims to address this vulnerability by proposing a novel modification that facilitates the methodology to perform both left and right circular shifts in an unbiased manner, based on the embedded secret, without affecting the notable achievements of the existing methodology. The proposed modification is successfully implemented, and further analysis indicated that the performed modification has in fact embedded the secret characters uniformly thereby reducing the standard deviation by 24%. This increased the resilience of the extended method to potential attacks that rely on statistical techniques. © The Author(s), under exclusive

关键词： Cryptography

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A semi-supervised deep neuro-fuzzy iterative learning system for automatic segmentation of hippocampus brain MRI

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Mathematical Biosciences and engineering 2024年第12期21卷 7830-7853页

作者： Nisha, M. Kannan, T. Sivasankari, K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Akshaya College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Coimbatore India Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Nagercoil India Department of Electronics and Engineering Akshaya College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Coimbatore India

The hippocampus is a small, yet intricate seahorse-shaped tiny structure located deep within the brain’s medial temporal lobe. It is a crucial component of the limbic system, which is responsible for regulating emotions, memory, and spatial navigation. This research focuses on automatic hippocampus segmentation from Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of a human head with high accuracy and fewer false positive and false negative rates. This segmentation technique is significantly faster than the manual segmentation methods used in clinics. Unlike the existing approaches such as UNet and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), the proposed algorithm generates an image that is similar to a real image by learning the distribution much more quickly by the semi-supervised iterative learning algorithm of the Deep Neuro-Fuzzy (DNF) technique. To assess its effectiveness, the proposed segmentation technique was evaluated on a large dataset of 18,900 images from Kaggle, and the results were compared with those of existing methods. Based on the analysis of results reported in the experimental section, the proposed scheme in the Semi-Supervised Deep Neuro-Fuzzy Iterative Learning System (SS-DNFIL) achieved a 0.97 Dice coefficient, a 0.93 Jaccard coefficient, a 0.95 sensitivity (true positive rate), a 0.97 specificity (true negative rate), a false positive value of 0.09 and a 0.08 false negative value when compared to existing approaches. Thus, the proposed segmentation techniques outperform the existing techniques and produce the desired result so that an accurate diagnosis is made at the earliest stage to save human lives and to increase their life span. © 2024 the Author(s),

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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ComStreamClust: a Communicative Multi-Agent Approach to Text Clustering in Streaming Data

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Annals of Data Science 2023年第6期10卷 1583-1605页

作者： Najafi, Ali Gholipour-Shilabin, Araz Dehkharghani, Rahim Mohammadpur-Fard, Ali Asgari-Chenaghlu, Meysam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sabanci University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Computer Engineering Department Isik University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

Topic detection is the task of determining and tracking hot topics in social media. Twitter is arguably the most popular platform for people to share their ideas with others about different issues. One such prevalent issue is the COVID-19 pandemic. Detecting and tracking topics on these kinds of issues would help governments and healthcare companies deal with this phenomenon. In this paper, we propose a novel, multi-agent, communicative clustering approach, so-called ComStreamClust for clustering sub-topics inside a broader topic, e.g., the COVID-19 and the FA CUP. The proposed approach is parallelizable, and can simultaneously handle several data-point. The LaBSE sentence embedding is used to measure the semantic similarity between two tweets. ComStreamClust has been evaluated by several metrics such as keyword precision, keyword recall, and topic recall. Based on topic recall on different number of keywords, ComStreamClust obtains superior results when compared to the existing methods. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： COVID-19

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Joint Rain Streaks & Haze Removal Network for Object Detection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4683-4702页

作者： Ragini Thatikonda Prakash Kodali Ramalingaswamy Cheruku Eswaramoorthy K.V Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal506004India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal506004India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign and ManufacturingKurnool518008India

In the realm of low-level vision tasks,such as image deraining and dehazing,restoring images distorted by adverse weather conditions remains a significant *** emergence of abundant computational resources has driven the dominance of deep Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs),supplanting traditional methods reliant on prior ***,the evolution of CNN architectures has tended towards increasing complexity,utilizing intricate structures to enhance performance,often at the expense of computational *** response,we propose the Selective Kernel Dense Residual M-shaped Network(SKDRMNet),a flexible solution adept at balancing computational efficiency with network accuracy.A key innovation is the incorporation of an M-shaped hierarchical structure,derived from the U-Net framework as M-Network(M-Net),within which the Selective Kernel Dense Residual Module(SDRM)is introduced to reinforce multi-scale semantic feature *** methodology employs two sampling techniques-bilinear and pixel unshuffled and utilizes a multi-scale feature fusion approach to distil more robust spatial feature map *** the reconstruction phase,feature maps of varying resolutions are seamlessly integrated,and the extracted features are effectively merged using the Selective Kernel Fusion Module(SKFM).Empirical results demonstrate the comprehensive superiority of SKDRMNet across both synthetic and real rain and haze datasets.

关键词： Image deraining Selective Dense Residual Module(SDRM) Selective Kernel Fusion Module(SKFM) Selective KernelDense Residual M-Shaped Network(SKDRMNet)

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LARSI-TPE-XGB: Short-Term Load Forecasting by Load-Adaptive Relative Strength Index and Fusion of Tree-Structured Parzen Estimator and XGBoost

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IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 2025年第3期40卷 1318-1330页

作者： Liu, Jin-Xian Leu, Jenq-Shiou National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Taipei106216 Taiwan

Power load forecasting is essential for optimizing power generation and distribution efficiency. This paper proposes a novel method for daily average load forecasting, referred to as LARSI-TPE-XGB, which integrates the Load-Adaptive Relative Strength Index (LARSI) with the Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Our method significantly improves the accuracy and generalization ability of short-term load forecasting (STLF) by addressing limitations in feature extraction and hyperparameter optimization. The proposed LARSI enhances the forecasting model by adapting an improved Relative Strength Index (RSI) for power load prediction, while TPE optimizes the model's hyperparameters to dynamically adjust to time-series updates, thus mitigating the issue of XGBoost's sensitivity to hyperparameters in high-dimensional scenarios. Experimental results on real-world power load datasets demonstrate that LARSI-TPE-XGB reduces errors by 18.58% and 30.73% in root mean squared error (RMSE) across two different datasets compared to models without LARSI-TPE-XGB and outperforms state-of-the-art models, as confirmed by the Diebold-Mariano (DM) test. Our method consistently improves performance across various datasets, while we further investigate the influence of LARSI and other factors, such as weather conditions, on forecasting accuracy. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electric load forecasting

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Complex preference analysis: a score-based evaluation strategy for ranking and comparison of the evolutionary algorithms

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Soft Computing 2025年第4期29卷 1967-1980页

作者： Sarkar, Debojyoti Biswas, Anupam Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Silchar Assam Silchar788010 India

In this paper, an evaluation strategy is proposed for evaluation of optimization algorithms, called the Complex Preference Analysis, that assesses the efficiency of different evolutionary algorithms by considering multiple performance metrics concurrently across diverse dimensions and generating a single score for ranking. The proposed strategy allows for a thorough evaluation by assigning distinct priorities in the form of weights, to various performance parameters. The algorithm’s performances on each performance parameter are captured and the best and worst performances in each performance category are identified. The deviation of each algorithm from the best and worst performances in the respective performance category is formulated to generate a single score for each of the algorithms for comparison. The flexibility to adjust weights provides a valuable tool for customizing evaluations according to individual needs and preferences. The proposed evaluation strategy is studied by running evaluations on nine evolutionary algorithms based on their performance over five performance indicators on six datasets of the Travelling Salesman Problem. Conducting Complex Preference Analysis on the different evolutionary algorithms reveals distinctive patterns in their performance, with some algorithms such as Simulated Annealing, Tabu Search, Bat Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, etc. consistently demonstrating superior results across multiple Travelling Salesman Problem instances, while other algorithms such as Ant Colony Optimization, Teaching Learning Based Optimization, etc. rank lower. The algorithms’ performances on individual performance parameters, when reflected on the final rank of the algorithms, generated based on the collective impact of all the parameters, elucidate the efficiency of the proposed evaluation strategy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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MediServe:An IoT-Enhanced Deep Learning Framework for Personalized Medication Management for Elderly Care

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 935-976页

作者： Smita Kapse Ganesh Yenurkar Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi Gunjan Balpande Shravani Kale Manthan Jadhav Sahil Lawankar Vikrant Jaunjale Department of Computer Technology Yeshwantrao Chavan College of EngineeringWanadongariNagpur441110MaharashtraIndia Computer Science&Engineering Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science&TechnologyBondo40601Kenya Department of Applied Electronics Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennai602105TamilnaduIndia

In today’s fast-paced world,many elderly individuals struggle to adhere to their medication schedules,especially those with memory-related conditions like Alzheimer’s disease,leading to serious health risks,hospital-izations,and increased healthcare *** reminder systems often fail due to a lack of personalization and real-time *** address this critical challenge,we introduce MediServe,an advanced IoT-enabled medication management system that seamlessly integrates deep learning techniques to provide a personalized,secure,and adaptive *** features a smart medication box equipped with biometric authentication,such as fingerprint recognition,ensuring authorized access to prescribed medication while preventing misuse.A user-friendly mobile application complements the system,offering real-time notifications,adherence tracking,and emergency alerts for caregivers and healthcare *** system employs predictive deep learning models,achieving an impressive classification accuracy of 98%,to analyze user behavior,detect anomalies in medication adherence,and optimize scheduling based on an individual’s habits and health ***,MediServe enhances accessibility by employing natural language processing(NLP)models for voice-activated interactions and text-to-speech capabilities,making it especially beneficial for visually impaired users and those with cognitive ***-based data analytics and wireless connectivity facilitate remote monitoring,ensuring that caregivers receive instant alerts in case of missed doses or medication ***,machine learning-based clustering and anomaly detection refine medication reminders by adapting to users’changing health *** combining IoT,deep learning,and advanced security protocols,MediServe delivers a comprehensive,intelligent,and inclusive solution for medication *** innovative approach not only improves the quality of life for elderly

关键词： MediServe medication health risks smart medication box

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A brief review on Quantum Key Distribution Protocols

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-40页

作者： Kumar, Mandeep Mondal, Bhaskar Department of Computer Science & Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna Bihar Patna800005 India

Development in Quantum computing paves the path to Quantum key distribution (QKD) by using the principles of quantum physics. QKD enables two remote parties to produce and share secure keys while removing all computing constraints on an adversary. The basic physics laws are used to identify any outside parties eavesdropping on the key exchange. In recent years many revolutionary developments in the field of QKD have been developed to overcome security and networking constraints. This survey provides an overview of the QKD protocol’s evolution and quantum network architecture. The paper also demonstrates QKD deployment techniques and elements of the QKD network. It also highlights ongoing design challenges by considering security and error estimation and correction, in contrast to studies concentrating on optical channels and equipment. Finally, this paper examines the possible directions for future research and offers design principles to guide the development of QKD and its related area. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Feedback-based trust module for IoT networks using machine learning

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International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2024年第1期27卷 78-91页

作者： Iqbal, Sania Qureshi, Shaima Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Jammu & Kashmir Srinagar India

The increasing emergence of IoT in healthcare, industrial automation, manufacturing, infrastructure, business and the home undoubtedly provides more conveniences in different aspects of human life. Any IoT security and trust solution must consider the heterogeneity and mobility of IoT devices, and the features of other devices connected to the network. Traditional security measures face computation, storage and communication challenges in securing IoT, and the increasing reliance on IoT services and applications has exacerbated this issue. It is crucial to identify a security management model to handle these constraints. Trust as a security regime in the IoT has far-reaching implications. This paper proposes a novel trust-based security mechanism by combining machine learning and traditional summations to determine a node’s trustworthiness in an IoT environment in milliseconds. Based on this, a computational trust management model is designed by aggregating direct and feedback-based trust information. The model parameters like the trust breach window and trust re-initiation point are selected based on extensive experimentation to dynamically calculate each node’s trust value to reach the proposed model’s peak performance. The model’s effectiveness is verified through simulation. In 500 iterations, the proposed model achieved 97% accuracy with a run time of 0.37 seconds. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Network security

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