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25th International Arab Conference on Information technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Almomani, Adai Al Refai Mohammed, N. Aburomman, Ahmad Alidmat, Omar Khair Alla Saber, Qotadeh Alshariedeh, Fuad Khouj, Mohammed Zarqa University Department of Computer Science Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Software Engineering Dep. Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Department of Data Science and A Zarqa Jordan Univeristy of Business and Technology Department of Electronic Enginnering Jeddah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

Cyber threats have grown increasingly sophisticated, surpassing the capabilities of traditional security measures. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized and immutable structure, offers a potential solution to these challenges. This study examines the role of blockchain tools such as smart contracts, decentralized identity management, and secure data sharing in enhancing cybersecurity. A review of key literature and analysis of survey data from cybersecurity professionals demonstrate blockchain's effectiveness in improving data integrity, access control, and secure communications. The results show significant correlations between the adoption of blockchain technologies and the mitigation of threats like data breaches and unauthorized access. While blockchain presents promising advancements, scalability, regulatory barriers, and energy consumption remain challenges. The study provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers on how blockchain can be integrated into modern cybersecurity strategies to create more secure digital environments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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Ultra-Low Power SRAM-PUF for IoT Devices Based on CNTFETs

Ultra-Low Power SRAM-PUF for IoT Devices Based on CNTFETs

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Microelectronics (IICM), Iranian International Conference on

作者： Alireza Shafiei Mehrnaz Monajati Dep. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate University of Advanced Technology Kerman Iran

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and machine learning in Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems, security poses a significant challenge for humans. To address this, Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have emerged as a promising and lightweight solution for securing IoT devices. The demand for low-power and secure crypto-devices has become critical in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its emerging technologies. Although IoT has enabled battery-powered devices to transmit sensitive data, it has also introduced issues of high power consumption and security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose an investigation into the use of adiabatic logic with carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) for designing lightweight IoT devices that tackle these challenges. This computing platform offers potential benefits in terms of security and energy efficiency for IoT applications.

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Pollutant correlation analysis in measurements at four classrooms in four Norwegian schools 17

Pollutant correlation analysis in measurements at four class...

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17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022

作者： Alonso, Maria Justo Jørgensen, Rikke Bramming Madsen, Henrik Mathisen, Hans Martin Dep. Energy and Process Engineering Trondheim Norway Dep. Industrial Economics and Technology Management Trondheim Norway Technical University of Denmark Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Kgs. Lyngby Denmark

Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) is often used in school buildings to save energy by modulating the airflow rates based on the demand. However, other pollutants and indoor air parameters may affect health and are not necessarily correlated to CO2. In this study investigation of correlations between PM2.5, formaldehyde, absolute humidity, CO2 and temperature are performed. Measurements of these parameters were performed between two months and one year, positioned in the supply air in four CO2-based DCV classrooms at four different schools. The time series of measurements were de-trended to avoid overestimating cross-correlation functions. From the measurements we have concluded the need to measure: 1) pollutants related to human activities (CO2) 2) pollutants that infiltrate from processes like combustion or traffic outdoors (PM2.5), and 3) parameters related to other "non-combustion-related activities" indoors, heat sources and moisture loads (temperature). Formaldehyde from building materials seems to be mostly degassed in these older than one-year buildings, but this study should be repeated on newer buildings. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Formaldehyde

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Performance assessment of low-cost sensors under representative indoor air conditions 17

Performance assessment of low-cost sensors under representat...

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17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022

作者： Alonso, Maria Justo Jørgensen, Rikke Bramming Madsen, Henrik Mathisen, Hans Martin NTNU Dep. Energy and Process Engineering Trondheim Norway NTNU Dep. Industrial Economics and Technology Management Trondheim Norway DTU Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Kgs. Lyngby Denmark

Recently many indoor air quality (IAQ) low-cost sensors (LCS) have arrived in the market. Being cost-effective encourages sensor installation in many different situations for IAQ-monitoring and sometimes for control of HVAC systems. However, very often these sensors are delivered with incomplete information and there are many doubts about their performance, reliability, and response to aging or drift. In this article, an evaluation of the performance of eight equal in-house mounted IAQ stations is presented. Pre-calibrated LCS measuring CO2, temperature, RH, and particulate matter were connected to a RaspberryPi. Some tests were repeated with 6 months of difference and some with one year. In general, all stations responded similarly to the events to which they were exposed, the inter-sensor correlations values were higher than 0.95. LCS reacted similarly to the sources (trends) but with quantitative disparities. Sensor calibration is needed but when included, the tested LCS seem fit for IAQ measurements. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Intelligent Recognition of Immune Cells: Analysis and Research 19

Intelligent Recognition of Immune Cells: Analysis and Resear...

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19th IEEE International Conference on e-Business engineering, ICEBE 2023

作者： Li, Chih-En Liu, Wei-Lun Lai, Kun-Yi Chiang, Yu-Hsiang Yan, Xiaowei Chen, Hao-Xiang Li, Hsu-Ching Cheng, Wan-Shu National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute for Systems Biology Seattle Washington United States Providence University Dep. of Computer Science and Information Management Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325553

Immunotherapy utilizes the potential of the patient's immune system to fight disease. T-lymphocytes have become the central focus of the immune system in the fight against cancer. One of the fundamental studies in immunotherapy is how to accurately identify various types of immune cells. Therefore, the study of immune-related cells will be an important reference for the treatment of COVID19 or other related diseases. In this paper, a series of experiments were conducted with COVID-19 patients as the starting point to design a strategy to identify the important subtypes of CD$4^{+}$T cells. In this paper, an intelligent machine learning algorithm is proposed according to the results of different experiments of linear and nonlinear dimension reduction algorithms, integrating the important characteristics of these two algorithms and improving the performance. Our experimental results show that the algorithm designed based on the front-end experiments can effectively distinguish the important lymphocytes. The proposed algorithm not only improves the performance, but also the dimension reduction procedure keeps the important features of both global and regional data. The experimental results of this paper will be beneficial for the subsequent analysis of the clustering in identifying important subtypes of CD$4^{+}$T cells. Most importantly, this wm significantly improve the procedure of manually integrating and labeling the recorded data after several tedious and monotonous analyses with external software. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Energy Efficiency and Management in South Africa: A Case of Resource Availability

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Mkhutazi, Mditshwa Almaktoof, Ali Mfoumboulou, Yohan Darcy Kahn, Mohamed Tariq Dep. of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology South Africa

This survey examines the current state of energy efficiency and management in South Africa, focusing on the country’s key challenges and opportunities. The study highlights the importance of energy efficiency in reducing energy consumption and mitigating the impacts of energy use on the environment. It provides an overview of the current energy efficiency policies and initiatives in South Africa. The survey also considers the barriers to implementing energy efficiency policies in South Africa, including a lack of awareness, resistance to change, and political challenges. The study concludes by identifying critical areas for future research and action in the field of energy efficiency and management in South Africa. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Enhancements to the 5G-NR 2-Step RACH: an Unsourced Multiple Access Perspective

Enhancements to the 5G-NR 2-Step RACH: an Unsourced Multiple...

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2024 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking, CSCN 2024

作者： Agostini, Patrick Chamberland, Jean-Francois Clazzer, Federico Dommel, Johannes Liva, Gianluigi Munari, Andrea Narayanan, Krishna Polyanskiy, Yury Stanczak, Slawomir Utkovski, Zoran Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institut Berlin Germany Texas A&M University College Station Dep. of Electrical and Computer Engineering TX United States Wessling Germany Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507428

The ever increasing demand for massive connectivity, combined with the specific characteristics of machinegenerated wireless traffic, is pushing the existing solutions for device registration and data transfer beyond their operational limits. In this paper, we target specifically the 3GPP 5G New Radio random access channel, proposing some enhancements inspired by recent research results in the field of unsourced multiple access (UMAC). Aiming to enable massive grant-free connectivity for large machine-type and Internet of things terminals, we focus on modifications of the two-step random access procedures originally introduced in 3GPP Release 16. By means of simulations, we show that remarkable gains in both energy and spectral efficiency can be attained while retaining a strong resemblance to the legacy protocol. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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Biological age estimation from ECG using Artificial Intelligence approaches

Biological age estimation from ECG using Artificial Intellig...

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Biomedical engineering Conference (JIBEC), Jordanian International

作者： Jana Sleiman Mohamad Daher Mohamad Khalil Ahmad Diab Abdallah Kassem Computer and Communications Engineering Lebanese University Tripoli Lebanon Dep. of Computer Science/Dep. of Computer Science & Information Technology Faculty of Science/Faculty of Applied Sciences & Technology Tripoli Lebanon Electrical Engineering Lebanese University Tripoli Lebanon Biomedical Engineering Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon ECCE Dept. Faculty Of Engineering Notre Dame University Zouk Mosbeh Lebanon

ISBN: (数字)9798331539542

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539559

This paper explores the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques in healthcare, specifically focusing on electrocardiogram (ECG) data analysis and biological age estimation. The study begins with an overview of ECG as a diagnostic tool and discusses the integration of Deep Learning (DL) models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), in healthcare for various applications. Previous studies reviewed in this context consistently identify CNNs as the superior model for ECG analysis and prediction tasks. The primary research investigates the use of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to estimate biological age from ECG data, employing metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and variance to evaluate model performance. Subsequently, DL models are implemented and compared, demonstrating superior accuracy in estimating the biological age of new patients. While both ML and DL approaches were initially explored, this paper primarily focuses on deep learning methodologies due to their demonstrated superiority in healthcare applications. The findings highlight the efficacy of deep learning over traditional ML methods, underscoring its potential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and personalized patient care. For instance, the most accurate deep learning model, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), achieved a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.49 and an R 2 score of 0.53, whereas the best-performing traditional ML model, Random Forest, achieved an MAE of 1.54 and an R 2 score of 0.55. These results clearly indicate the advantage of deep learning models in capturing complex patterns in ECG data, leading to more precise and reliable estimations of biological age.

关键词： Deep learning Maximum likelihood estimation Accuracy Data analysis Biological system modeling Medical services Electrocardiography Data models Convolutional neural networks Random forests

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Towards Unveiling Vulnerabilities and Securing IoT Devices: An Ontology-Based Approach

Towards Unveiling Vulnerabilities and Securing IoT Devices: ...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Mukund Bhole Wolfgang Kastner Thilo Sauter TU Wien Institute of Computer Engineering Vienna Austria Dep. of Integrated Sensor Systems TU Wien Institute of Computer Technology Danube University Krems Austria

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

In the rapidly expanding landscape of Internet of Things (IoT), sensors have emerged as pivotal components, playing a critical role in sensing and data collection. However, this crucial function also renders them susceptible to potential threats such as unauthorized access and security breaches. This paper investigates the vulnerabilities that lead to these threats and offers a comprehensive set of best practices aimed at fortifying the security of IoT devices. We highlight key measures such as secure device design, robust authentication mechanisms, encrypted communication protocols, regular updates, and emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts among stakeholders using an ontological approach. An Ontology provides a structured framework for organizing knowledge, facilitating clearer communication, efficient data management, and enhanced decision-making. Thus, this paper contributes to the development of a more secure and resilient IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Protocols Ecosystems Collaboration Authentication Ontologies Sensors Internet of Things Stakeholders Cryptography Best practices

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From Manual to Semi-Automated Safety and Security Requirements engineering: Ensuring Compliance in Industry 4.0

From Manual to Semi-Automated Safety and Security Requiremen...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Mukund Bhole Wolfgang Kastner Thilo Sauter Institute of Computer Engineering TU Wien Vienna Austria Dep. of Integrated Sensor Systems Institute of Computer Technology TU Wien Danube University Krems Austria

ISBN: (数字)9781665464543

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464550

In response to the growing need for compliance with diverse safety and security regulations, crucial for safeguarding both humans and machines in the era of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), it has also become increasingly crucial for industries to ensure adherence to safety and security standards. However, navigating the complexities of regulations and standards can be daunting, often leading to inefficiencies in compliance processes. Our goal is to foster a comprehensive understanding of an effective approach to meeting compliance requirements in these related fields. Therefore, this paper introduces a semi-automated method for ensuring compliance with unified safety and security standards within the context of I4.0. This approach empowers management teams to thoroughly analyze the specific requirements necessary to maintain a protected environment. Compliance can be achieved at both the asset component and system levels, aligning with the relevant standards. Additionally, we present a detailed analysis of a use case and its output, demonstrating the practical application and efficacy of our approach.

关键词： Industries Accuracy Standards organizations Manuals Regulation Safety Fourth Industrial Revolution Complexity theory Security Certification

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