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Fast light-field 3D microscopy with out-of-distribution detection and adaptation through Conditional Normalizing Flows

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Vizcaíno, Josué Page Symvoulidis, Panagiotis Wang, Zeguan Jelten, Jonas Favaro, Paolo Boyden, Edward S. Lasser, Tobias Computational Imaging and Inverse Problems Department of Informatics School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Germany Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technical University of Munich Germany Synthetic Neurobiology Group Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Computer Vision Group University of Bern Switzerland

Real-time 3D fluorescence microscopy is crucial for the spatiotemporal analysis of live organisms, such as neural activity monitoring. The eXtended field-of-view light field microscope (XLFM), also known as Fourier light field microscope, is a straightforward, single snapshot solution to achieve this. The XLFM acquires spatial-angular information in a single camera exposure. In a subsequent step, a 3D volume can be algorithmically reconstructed, making it exceptionally well-suited for real-time 3D acquisition and potential analysis. Unfortunately, traditional reconstruction methods (like deconvolution) require lengthy processing times (0.0220 Hz), hampering the speed advantages of the XLFM. Neural network architectures can overcome the speed constraints at the expense of lacking certainty metrics, which renders them untrustworthy for the biomedical realm. This work proposes a novel architecture to perform fast 3D reconstructions of live immobilized zebrafish neural activity based on a conditional normalizing flow. It reconstructs volumes at 8 Hz spanning 512x512x96 voxels, and it can be trained in under two hours due to the small dataset requirements (10 image-volume pairs). Furthermore, normalizing flows allow for exact Likelihood computation, enabling distribution monitoring, followed by out-of-distribution detection and retraining of the system when a novel sample is detected. We evaluate the proposed method on a cross-validation approach involving multiple in-distribution samples (genetically identical zebrafish) and various out-of-distribution ones. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Neurons

RIS-Assisted MIMO CV-QKD at THz Frequencies: Channel Estimation and SKR Analysis

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kumar, Sushil Dash, Soumya P. Ghose, Debasish Alexandropoulos, George C. the School of Electrical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Khordha Argul752050 India School of Economics Innovation and Technology Kristiania University College Bergen Norway Department of Informatics and Telecommunications National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis Ilissia Athens15784 Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois ChicagoIL60601 United States

—In this paper, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless system incorporating a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to efficiently operate at terahertz (THz) frequencies is considered. The transmitter, Alice, employs continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) to communicate secret keys to the receiver, Bob, which utilizes either homodyne or heterodyne detection. The latter node applies the least-squared approach to estimate the effective MIMO channel gain matrix prior to receiving the secret key, and this estimation is made available to Alice via an error-free feedback channel. An eavesdropper, Eve, is assumed to employ a collective Gaussian entanglement attack on the feedback channel to avail the estimated channel state information. We present a novel closed-form expression for the secret key rate (SKR) performance of the proposed RIS-assisted THz CV-QKD system. The effect of various system parameters, such as the number of RIS elements and their phase configurations, the channel estimation error, and the detector noise, on the SKR performance are studied via numerical evaluation of the derived formula. It is demonstrated that the RIS contributes to larger SKR for larger link distances, and that heterodyne detection is preferable over homodyne at lower pilot symbol powers. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Heterodyne detection

A Bionic Data-driven Approach for Long-distance Underwater Navigation with Anomaly Resistance

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yang, Songnan Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, Shiliang Ma, Xuehui Bai, Wenqi Li, Yushuai Huang, Tingwen The School of Automation and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Shaanxi 710048 China The Institute of Advanced Navigation and Electromagnetics Xi’an University of Technology Shaanxi 710048 China The Department of Informatics University of Oslo Oslo0316 Norway The Department of Computer Science Aalborg University Aalborg9220 Denmark Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha23874 Qatar

Various animals exhibit accurate navigation using environment cues. The Earth’s magnetic field has been proved a reliable information source in long-distance fauna migration. Inspired by animal navigation, this work proposes a bionic and data-driven approach for long-distance underwater navigation. The proposed approach uses measured geomagnetic data for the navigation, and requires no GPS systems or geographical maps. Particularly, we construct and train a Temporal Attention-based Long Short-Term Memory (TA-LSTM) network to predict the heading angle during the navigation. To mitigate the impact of geomagnetic anomalies, we develop the mechanism to detect and quantify the anomalies based on Maximum Likelihood Estimation. We integrate the developed mechanism with the TA-LSTM, and calibrate the predicted heading angles to gain resistance against geomagnetic anomalies. Using the retrieved data from the WMM model, we conduct numerical simulations with diversified navigation conditions to test our approach. The simulation results demonstrate a resilience navigation against geomagnetic anomalies by our approach, along with precision and stability of the underwater navigation in single and multiple destination missions. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Animals

User-experience oriented POI recommendation with pseudo rating

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第16期84卷 16583-16603页

作者： Yi, Kun Yamagishi, Ryu Li, Jiyi Li, Taishan Bai, Zhengyang Ma, Qiang Kyoto Institute of Economic Research Kyoto University Yoshida-honmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto Kyoto606-8501 Japan Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Yoshida-honmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto Kyoto606-8501 Japan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Yamanashi Takeda 4-3-11 Kofu 400- 8511 Yamanashi Japan Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Non-Timber Forest Germplasm Enhancement & Utilization of State Administration of Forestry and Grassland No. 3 Weiwu Road Jinshui District Zhengzhou450003 China RIKEN Center for Computational Science RIKEN Nihonbashi 1-chome Mitsubishi Bld. 15th floor 1-4-1 Nihonbashi Chuo-ku Tokyo103-0027 Japan Department of Information Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto Kyoto606-8585 Japan

Point-of-interest (POI) recommendation faces challenges in managing data sparsity and cold-start problems, particularly in terms of personalized recommendation. Firstly, most existing users only visit a small number of POIs, which results in severe data sparsity and makes most conventional methods unsuitable because they require adequate historical data from each user to learn the model. In addition, new users have little or no historical record. Existing ask-to-rate methods for cold start user scenarios treat user answers as historical data, which is inappropriate and causes difficulty in capturing user preferences. Therefore, in this paper, to tackle the data sparsity problem, we propose a user-experience model (UEM) to uncover user behaviors from several aspects. The proposed UEM involves four factors: Who (does it), What (the user does), Where (the user does it), and When (the user does it). In contrast to other methods that model user behavior from individual records, our model introduces a latent variable of user experience to extract similarity among users. This feature makes our model suitable for mitigating the severe sparse-data issue in POI recommendations. Furthermore, to handle the cold-start problem for new users, we propose a pseudo-rating mechanism (PRM) to capture new users’ preferences and recommend POIs. For new users, photos are provided for rating, and these ratings are then used to capture their preferences and estimate the probability of their visits. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better recommendation performance and fairness than the state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, user study results validates that the users’ preferences captured via PRM are satisfactory, and UEM provides satisfactory POI recommendations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Behavioral research

Analysis of the effectiveness of the optimization processes of trans active power system management with distributed multi-purpose energy resources

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Analysis of the effectiveness of the optimization processes ...

Artificial Intelligence, computer, Data Sciences and Applications (ACDSA), International Conference on

作者： Volodymyr Khilenko Halyna Bielokha Serhii Denysiuk Oleksii Stepanov Ivan Kotuliak Institute of Computer Engineering and Applied Informatics Faculty of Informatics and Information Technologies Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia Power Supply Department National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv Ukraine Department of Information Technologies National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukr Article ACDSA Khilenko ID 414 09-02-2024aine Kyiv Ukraine

The article the efficiency of the Microgrid network when transitioning to a transactive power system that uses control algorithms called to optimize the distribution of power between sources of distributed generation and to minimize the time of decision-making about mode switching and at the corresponding change of the power system architecture. Tables and graphs of the conducted modeling are presented and the efficiency of this control-optimized system is calculated in comparison with the power system where uniform distribution of load power is used.

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Innovative Urban Solutions with IoT-Driven Traffic and Pollution Control

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Innovative Urban Solutions with IoT-Driven Traffic and Pollu...

Automation and Computation (AUTOCOM), International Conference on

作者： Kottala Sri Yogi Avinash Sharma V Dankan Gowda Rini Saxena Tarkeshwar Barua Khalid Mohiuddin Dept of Operations Symbiosis institute of Business Management Hyderabad Symbiosis International University Pune Hyderabad Telangana Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh Engineering College Chandigarh Group of Colleges Jhanjeri Mohali Punjab India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering BMS Institute of Technology and Management Bangalore Karnataka India Department of Business Informatics College of Business King Khalid University PO Box-3247 Abha Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rethinking the model for building the smart cities, and this paper makes just such a step in that direction. It then examines various ways of cutting urban pollution. Under increasing pressure from rising urbanization, smart cities represent a huge leap forward in regard to efficiency, scalability and livability. The key is IoTtechnology, which collects and analyzes data in real time and allows for more quick-witted and intelligent urban governance. This paper combines literature review, case study analysis and data-driven methods to focus on the opportunities offered by IoT applications for restructuring urban traffic systems and pollution control. This study explains what is missing in modern smart city initiatives, and offers a road map for bringing Internet of things solutions to municipal systems. The results can also serve as some answers to cope with the dilemma and bring more intelligence, cleanness, efficiency in making a city into a smart metropolis. The article ends by highlighting the significance of IoT for future urban development, and ideas for further research into this complex yet rapidly evolving area.

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Improving Equine Intramedullary Nail Osteosynthesis via Fracture Adjacent Polymer Reinforcement

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Improving Equine Intramedullary Nail Osteosynthesis via Frac...

作者： Lang, Jan J. Baylacher, Veronika Micheler, Carina M. Wilhelm, Nikolas J. Hinterwimmer, Florian Schwaiger, Benedikt Barnewitz, Dirk von Eisenhart-Rothe, Rüdiger Grosse, Christian U. Burgkart, Rainer Munich Germany Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics School of Medicine TUM Munich Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management School of Engineering and Design TUM Munich Germany Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TUM Munich Germany School of Medicine Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine TUM Munich Germany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology School of Medicine TUM Munich Germany Research Centre of Medical Technology and Biotechnology Bad Langensalza Germany Non-destructive Testing Department of Mechanical Engineering TUM Munich Germany

Introduction: Osteosynthesis of the equine femur is still a challenge for veterinary medicine. Even though intramedullary fracture fixation is possible nowadays, the varying geometry of the medullary cavity along the bone axis is a critical factor. Limited contact area between implant and bone can cause insufficient primary stability. In this study, it was investigated whether the osteosynthesis stability can be improved with a form-adaptive reinforcement for the diaphyseal part of the proximal fragment. Material and Methods: Eight equine femora were fitted with intramedullary nail osteosynthesis and analyzed by 4-point bending. Virtual position planning of the ex-vivo implantation using CT-data increased comparability. For five femora the proximal fragment was reinforced with a flexible polymer mixture. Longterm stability was tested via cyclic loading. Bending stiffness and its development due to cyclic loading was evaluated before and after reinforcement procedure. Finally, load-to-failure was tested in the same setup. Results and Discussion: The application of the polymer reinforcement increased the maximum torque in the load-to-failure measurement by 26%. Bending stiffness was not affected in the measured loading range by the reinforcement. Cyclic loading increased bending stiffness for a conditioned state but showed to be reversible for the most part. Conclusion: The fracture adjacent reinforcement showed to be beneficial to the osteosynthesis stability, but further investigation is necessary for surgical application. © 2022 The Author(s), published by De Gruyter.

关键词： Reinforcement

A Critical Analysis of Deployed Use Cases for Quantum Key Distribution and Comparison with Post-Quantum Cryptography

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Aquina, Nick Cimoli, Bruno Das, Soumya Hövelmanns, Kathrin Weber, Fiona Johanna Okonkwo, Chigo Rommel, Simon Škorić, Boris Monroy, Idelfonso Tafur Verschoor, Sebastian Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Flux Building Eindhoven5612 AZ Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology MetaForum Building Eindhoven5612 AZ Netherlands Eindhoven Quantum Hub Eindhoven University of Technology Qubit Building Eindhoven5612 AZ Netherlands Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam1098 XH Netherlands

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is currently being discussed as a technology to safeguard communication in a future where quantum computers compromise traditional public-key cryptosystems. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive security evaluation of QKD-based solutions, focusing on real-world use cases sourced from academic literature and industry reports. We analyze these use cases, assess their security and identify the possible advantages of deploying QKD-based solutions. We further compare QKD-based solutions with Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), the alternative approach to achieving security when quantum computers compromise traditional public-key cryptosystems, evaluating their respective suitability for each scenario. Based on this comparative analysis, we critically discuss and comment on which use cases QKD is suited for, considering factors such as implementation complexity, scalability, and long-term security. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the role QKD could play in future cryptographic infrastructures and offer guidance to decision-makers considering the deployment of QKD. © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Qubits

Routing on the Shortest Pairs of Disjoint Paths

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Routing on the Shortest Pairs of Disjoint Paths

IFIP Networking Conference

作者： Pé ter Babarczi Gá bor Ré tvá ri Lajos Ró nyai Janos Tapolcai Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary Department of Algebra Institute for Computer Science and Control Institute of Mathematics Budapest University of Technology and Economics E&#x00F6 tv&#x00F6 s Lorand Research Network Budapest Hungary

Recent trends point towards communication networks will be multi-path in nature to increase failure resilience, support load-balancing and provide alternate paths for congestion avoidance. We argue that the transition from single-path to multi-path routing should be as seamless as possible in order to lower the deployability barrier for network operators. Therefore, in this paper we are focusing on the problem of routing along the shortest pairs of disjoint paths between each source-destination pair over the currently deployed link-state routing architecture. We show that the union of disjoint path-pairs towards a given destination has a special structure, and we propose an efficient tag encoding scheme which requires only one extra forwarding table entry per router per destination. Our numerical evaluations demonstrate that in real-world topologies usually only 4 bit tags are sufficient in the packet headers to route on the disjoint path-pairs. Finally, we show that our tags automatically encode additional paths beyond the shortest pair of disjoint paths, including the shortest paths themselves, which enables incremental deployment of the proposed method.

关键词： Focusing Tagging Routing Data structures Market research Load management Encoding