Chatbots use artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) algorithms to construct a clever system. By copying human connections in the most helpful way possi-ble, chatbots emulate individuals and...
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Most of the search-based software remodularization(SBSR)approaches designed to address the software remodularization problem(SRP)areutilizing only structural information-based coupling and cohesion quality ***,in prac...
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Most of the search-based software remodularization(SBSR)approaches designed to address the software remodularization problem(SRP)areutilizing only structural information-based coupling and cohesion quality ***,in practice apart from these quality criteria,there require other aspects of coupling and cohesion quality criteria such as lexical and changed-history in designing the modules of the software ***,consideration of limited aspects of software information in the SBSR may generate a sub-optimal modularization ***,such modularization can be good from the quality metrics perspective but may not be acceptable to the *** produce a remodularization solution acceptable from both quality metrics and developers’perspectives,this paper exploited more dimensions of software information to define the quality criteria as modularization ***,these objectives are simultaneously optimized using a tailored manyobjective artificial bee colony(MaABC)to produce a remodularization *** assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach,we applied it over five software *** obtained remodularization solutions are evaluated with the software quality metrics and developers view of *** demonstrate that the proposed software remodularization is an effective approach for generating good quality modularization solutions.
Edge computing has emerged as a promising technology to satisfy the demand for data computational resources in Internet of Things (IoT) networks. With edge computing, processing of the massive data-intensive tasks can...
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High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI) matrices are primarily generated in all kinds of big-data-related practical applications. A latent factor analysis(LFA) model is capable of conducting efficient representation lear...
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High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI) matrices are primarily generated in all kinds of big-data-related practical applications. A latent factor analysis(LFA) model is capable of conducting efficient representation learning to an HDI matrix,whose hyper-parameter adaptation can be implemented through a particle swarm optimizer(PSO) to meet scalable ***, conventional PSO is limited by its premature issues,which leads to the accuracy loss of a resultant LFA model. To address this thorny issue, this study merges the information of each particle's state migration into its evolution process following the principle of a generalized momentum method for improving its search ability, thereby building a state-migration particle swarm optimizer(SPSO), whose theoretical convergence is rigorously proved in this study. It is then incorporated into an LFA model for implementing efficient hyper-parameter adaptation without accuracy loss. Experiments on six HDI matrices indicate that an SPSO-incorporated LFA model outperforms state-of-the-art LFA models in terms of prediction accuracy for missing data of an HDI matrix with competitive computational ***, SPSO's use ensures efficient and reliable hyper-parameter adaptation in an LFA model, thus ensuring practicality and accurate representation learning for HDI matrices.
Challenged networks (CNs) contain resource-constrained nodes deployed in regions where human intervention is difficult. Opportunistic networks (OppNets) are CNs with no predefined source-to-destination paths. Due to t...
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Blockchain technology has been extensively studied over the past decade as a foundation for decentralized information-sharing platforms due to its promising *** the success of existing blockchain architectures like Bi...
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Blockchain technology has been extensively studied over the past decade as a foundation for decentralized information-sharing platforms due to its promising *** the success of existing blockchain architectures like Bitcoin,Ethereum,Filecoin,Hyperledger Fabric,BCOS,and BCS,current blockchain applications are still quite *** struggles with scenarios requiring high-speed transactions(e.g.,online markets)or large data storage(e.g.,video services)due to consensus efficiency *** restrictions pose risks to investors in blockchain-based economic systems(e.g.,DeFi),deterring current and potential *** protection challenges make it difficult to involve sensitive data in blockchain applications.
Fog computing has recently developed as a new paradigm with the aim of addressing time-sensitive applications better than with cloud computing by placing and processing tasks in close proximity to the data ***,the maj...
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Fog computing has recently developed as a new paradigm with the aim of addressing time-sensitive applications better than with cloud computing by placing and processing tasks in close proximity to the data ***,the majority of the fog nodes in this environment are geographically scattered with resources that are limited in terms of capabilities compared to cloud nodes,thus making the application placement problem more complex than that in cloud *** approach for cost-efficient application placement in fog-cloud computing environments that combines the benefits of both fog and cloud computing to optimize the placement of applications and services while minimizing *** approach is particularly relevant in scenarios where latency,resource constraints,and cost considerations are crucial factors for the deployment of *** this study,we propose a hybrid approach that combines a genetic algorithm(GA)with the Flamingo Search Algorithm(FSA)to place application modules while minimizing *** consider four cost-types for application deployment:Computation,communication,energy consumption,and *** proposed hybrid approach is called GA-FSA and is designed to place the application modules considering the deadline of the application and deploy them appropriately to fog or cloud nodes to curtail the overall cost of the *** extensive simulation is conducted to assess the performance of the proposed approach compared to other state-of-the-art *** results demonstrate that GA-FSA approach is superior to the other approaches with respect to task guarantee ratio(TGR)and total cost.
In response to inquiries posed in natural languages, question-answering systems (QASs) produce responses. The capabilities of early QASs are limited because they were designed for certain domains. The current generati...
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With the popularity of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV),a large amount of data is being generated every *** to securely share data between the IoV operator and various value-added service providers becomes one of the cri...
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With the popularity of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV),a large amount of data is being generated every *** to securely share data between the IoV operator and various value-added service providers becomes one of the critical *** to its flexible and efficient fine-grained access control feature,Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption(CP-ABE)is suitable for data sharing in ***,there are many flaws in most existing CP-ABE schemes,such as attribute privacy leakage and key *** paper proposes a Traceable and Revocable CP-ABE-based Data Sharing with Partially hidden policy for IoV(TRE-DSP).A partially hidden access structure is adopted to hide sensitive user attribute values,and attribute categories are sent along with the ciphertext to effectively avoid privacy *** addition,key tracking and malicious user revocation are introduced with broadcast encryption to prevent key *** the main computation task is outsourced to the cloud,the burden of the user side is relatively *** of security and performance demonstrates that TRE-DSP is more secure and practical for data sharing in IoV.
Feature engineering is critical for improving machine learning performance (ML), especially when handling categorical data. Traditional encoding methods, such as one-hot and label encoding, often result in challenges ...
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