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Improved bounding box regression loss for weapon detection systems using deep learning

International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2024年 1-17页

作者： Sumi, Lucy Dey, Shouvik Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Nagaland Chumukedima 797103 India

Rising number of crime rate using firearms (such as open firing, robbery, suicides, mass shootings, homicides, threatening at gun point, etc.), has underscored the growing importance of timely detection of weapons. Bounding box regression, an essential element in object detection, plays a crucial role in accurately identifying and localizing these firearms. This paper introduces a Manhattan-Complete IoU (MCIoU) loss for bounding boxes, which demonstrates significantly faster convergence during training compared to other IoU losses. By incorporating MCIoU into one of the advanced object detection framework, (You Only Look Once) YOLOv7, the proposed work demonstrates consistent improvement on their performance across popular weapon detection benchmarks datasets such as Granda, Synthetic, Cam157, Internet Movie Firearms Database (IMFDB), Gun Movie and Monash. The most encouraging outcomes were obtained on a Gun movie dataset with a precision and recall value of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively, which is an appreciable improvement compared to the baseline YOLOv7 model. Experiments show that the best precision achieved was at 98.2% and mAP@.50:.95 of 42.5% over other existing IoUs. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： CCTV surveillance Deep learning Intersection over union (IoU) Loss function Weapon detection system You Only Look Once v7 (YOLOv7)

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Hardware Security of Image Processing Cores Against IP Piracy Using PSO-Based HLS-Driven Multi-Stage Encryption Fused with Fingerprint Signature

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SN computer Science 2024年第7期5卷 1-14页

作者： Sengupta, Anirban Anshul, Aditya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore 453552 India

The increasing usage of image processing applications in modern technological environments is driven by their ability to enhance visual quality in diverse applications, from social media to medical imaging. The design of these cores as dedicated application-specific hardware intellectual property (IP) must ensure optimized performance and security. It is crucial to optimize these designs while enhancing their security to create a robust, secure design flow that can provide security against hardware security threats like IP piracy and fraudulent ownership claim. The proposed methodology introduces a low-cost security framework for application-specific hardware systems using an HLS-aided fusion watermarking framework and particle swarm optimization-driven design space exploration (PSO-DSE) process. The proposed approach demonstrates the generation of a multi-stage encryption-based signature along with the IP seller’s fingerprint biometric-based signature, which is further fused to generate the final watermark signature. It allows the embedding of a greater number of secret watermark constraints offering lower probability of coincidence and higher tamper tolerance without incurring design overhead, compared to prior works. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Fingerprint biometric Hardware security HLS Image processing applications IP piracy

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Deep Learning Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping With Reduced Training Time Based on Local Field Transformation

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2025年第2期9卷 1527-1538页

作者： Wu, Ming-Long Huang, De-Rong Cheng, Jhih-Shan National Cheng Kung University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tainan701 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Institute of Medical Informatics Tainan701 Taiwan

A quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) approach using single-orientation imaging data is proposed in this study. The proposed method generates local field maps at five predefined orientations via deep learning from single-orientation local field maps, followed by physical dipole inversion using the analytical Calculation of Susceptibility through Multiple Orientation Sampling (COSMOS) algorithm. We termed the method pseudo COSMOS (pCOSMOS). By isolating the physical dipole inversion process from deep learning, training of the neural network model becomes greatly accelerated. Brain imaging data from 10 healthy subjects (7 training and 3 testing) acquired at 3T with five different orientations relative to the main magnetic field were included to evaluate the reconstruction quality. Results compared against two iterative (Morphology Enabled Dipole Inversion or MEDI, and Structural Feature-based Collaborative Reconstruction or SFCR) and two deep learning QSM approaches (QSMnet and Learned Proximal Convolutional Neural Network or LPCNN) using COSMOS as the reference standard revealed that the susceptibility maps obtained from pCOSMOS yielded global quantitative performance comparable to QSMnet and LPCNN, while being prominently superior to MEDI and SFCR. Estimation errors in magnetic susceptibility were between 0.01 and 0.02 ppm voxel-wise, and 0.006 ± 0.004 ppm for five selected gray matter areas. Visual inspection further suggested better preserved tissue boundaries in pCOSMOS than QSMnet and LPCNN. Training time was reduced from 2 days for LPCNN and 12 hours for QSMnet to 3.2 hours for pCOSMOS. It is concluded that the proposed pCOSMOS method is an alternative deep learning QSM approach when computational efficiency is essential. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Brain mapping

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Priority-based Residential Demand Response for Alleviating Crowding in Distribution Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 502-510页

作者： Venkateswarlu Gundu Sishaj P.Simon Vemalaiah Kasi Narayana Prasad Padhy Dheeraj Kumar Khatod Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation GunturGunturIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTiruchirappalliIndia Department of Electrical Engineering(EED) Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee(IITR)RoorkeeIndia

The dynamic pricing environment offers flexibility to the consumers to reschedule their switching *** the dynamic pricing environment results in several benefits to the utilities and consumers,it also poses some *** crowding among residential customers is one of such *** scheduling of loads at low-cost intervals causes crowding among residential customers,which leads to a fall in voltage of the distribution system below its prescribed *** order to prevent crowding phenomena,this paper proposes a priority-based demand response program for local energy *** the program,past contributions made by residential houses and demand are considered as essential parameters while calculating the priority *** non-linear programming(NLP)model proposed in this study seeks to reschedule loads at low-cost intervals to alleviate crowding *** the NLP model does not guarantee global optima due to its non-convex nature,a second-order cone programming model is proposed,which captures power flow characteristics and guarantees global *** proposed formulation is solved using General Algebraic Modeling System(GAMS)software and is tested on a 12.66 kV IEEE 33-bus distribution system,which demonstrates its applicability and efficacy.

关键词： Crowding strategy demand response distribution system General Algebraic Modeling System(GAMS) local energy community second-order cone programming

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Protecting Recommendations: Combating BIAS and Manipulation in Recommendation 8

Protecting Recommendations: Combating BIAS and Manipulation ...

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8th International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud), I-SMAC 2024

作者： Infant, P.Alwin Kumar, P.Mohan Jainish, G.R. Hindustan Institute of Technology & Sciencce Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Loyola Icam College of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376425

Recommender systems assist consumers in navigating the deluge of information by helping them find services and goods. The effectiveness of recommender systems has been thoroughly examined in research currently available from a number of angles. In the research community, robustness against malicious attack is becoming a more important concern. Collaborative Filtering (CF) recommender systems have been established to accomplish this objective. However, due to the fact that they are collaborative recommender systems are open to attack. To weaken the system, attackers can introduce fictitious and biased profiles. An examination of the random attack, Bandwagon attack, Mixed Attack and Noise Injection on recommender systems is presented in this work. Numerous algorithms are susceptible to profile injection attacks. Some of the earlier approaches suffer from only looking at one aspect of user rating values while assessing the rating matrix, ignoring alternative viewpoints. First, a rating matrix in this research that takes into account both genuine and fictitious user ratings is created. Next, using user rating time as a basis, the rating matrix is examined. Next, build a model to distinguish between real and fraudulent users using a variety of classifiers, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Bayesian Networks (BN). Ultimately, a number of tests are conducted, and a summary of the findings comparing different approaches' abilities to detect small-scale attacks and detect overall attacks is presented. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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A Deep Ensemble Learning Approach for Venomous & Non-Venomous Serpents and Insect Species Identification 3

A Deep Ensemble Learning Approach for Venomous & Non-Venomou...

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3rd IEEE Asian Conference on Innovation in technology, ASIANCON 2023

作者： Samarasinghe, Buddhin Saroj Lakmali, K.B.N. Informatics Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science Colombo 06 Sri Lanka Informatics Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Colombo 06 Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302288

In recent years snake and insect attacks have become a huge problem worldwide. Most species have similar colors and shapes, which makes it hard to tell them apart using typical techniques. Similarly, identifying different species of bees and wasps can be challenging, especially for non-experts in the field. Therefore, developing a reliable and effective method for recognizing these animals is essential to reducing the issues caused by snake and insect attacks and supporting wildlife conservation efforts. The proposed method in this research utilizes deep ensemble learning and transfer learning techniques to identify snakes, wasps, and bees accurately. Deep ensemble learning involves combining several machine learning models to make better predictions, and transfer learning is a technique that allows pre-trained models to be re-used for new tasks, saving time and computational resources. The proposed method utilizes deep ensemble learning and uses three base transfer learning models, DenseNet201, MobileN etV2, and InceptionResN etV2, for classification. The study obtained a training accuracy of 93%. The research classified 11 types of snakes, four types of bees, and four types of wasps, including all 19 classes. Moreover, the author developed a mobile application for user interaction and utilized Flask API for the logic tier. The mobile application enables users to take pictures or upload images of a snake, wasp, or bee and identify the species accurately. This feature makes the proposed method more accessible to people who encounter these animals daily. Overall, this research represents a promising step towards developing an accurate and effective system for identifying snakes, wasps, and bees, with practical implications for human safety and biodiversity conservation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Programmable directional color dynamics using plasmonics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 325-334页

作者： Gyurin Kim Doeun Kim Soeun Ko Jang-Hwan Han Juhwan Kim Joo Hwan Ko Young Min Song Hyeon-Ho Jeong School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Artificial Intelligence(AI)Graduate School Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea

Adaptive multicolor filters have emerged as key components for ensuring color accuracy and resolution in outdoor visual ***,the current state of this technology is still in its infancy and largely reliant on liquid crystal devices that require high voltage and bulky structural ***,we present a multicolor nanofilter consisting of multilayered‘active’plasmonic nanocomposites,wherein metallic nanoparticles are embedded within a conductive polymer *** nanocomposites are fabricated with a total thickness below 100 nm using a‘lithography-free’method at the wafer level,and they inherently exhibit three prominent optical modes,accompanying scattering phenomena that produce distinct dichroic reflection and transmission ***,a pivotal achievement is that all these colors are electrically manipulated with an applied external voltage of less than 1 V with 3.5 s of switching speed,encompassing the entire visible ***,this electrically programmable multicolor function enables the effective and dynamic modulation of the color temperature of white light across the warm-to-cool spectrum(3250 K-6250 K).This transformative capability is exceptionally valuable for enhancing the performance of outdoor optical devices that are independent of factors such as the sun’s elevation and prevailing weather conditions.

关键词： directional prevailing exceptional

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UNRAVELING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE K-NN ALGORITHM FOR IMBALANCED DATA IN RESEARCH TOPIC RECOMMENDATIONS

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Xinan Jiaotong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 2024年第1期59卷 271-282页

作者： Muludi, Kurnia Aisyah, Nonik Nama, Gigih Forda Lumbanraja, Favorisen R. Informatics & Business Institute Darmajaya Bandar Lampung35142 Indonesia Computer Science Department Faculty of Science The University of Lampung Bandar Lampung Indonesia Informatics Engineering Department Faculty of Science The University of Lampung Bandar Lampung Indonesia

This study addresses the challenge of selecting research topics for undergraduate students, focusing on computer science, by evaluating a recommendation model based on the k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm (kNN). The objective is to enhance the accuracy of research topic recommendations in the presence of imbalanced data. The methodology involves data cleaning, transformation, and correlation-based feature selection, with a particular focus on addressing missing values and optimizing the feature set. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) is employed to balance the dataset. The model development includes a comprehensive analysis of various k values, leading to the identification of k=3 with Manhattan distance as the optimal configuration, achieving an accuracy of 82%. The experiment explores different training data proportions, revealing that a 90:10 ratio yields the highest accuracy. This study incorporates a Grid Search technique for hyperparameter tuning, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate distance metrics and nearest neighbor values. The system implementation is presented with user and administrator interfaces. Findings indicate varying model performance across research categories, emphasizing the need for category-specific evaluation metrics. The study concludes with a discussion on the significance of the results, which contribute to the improvement of research topic recommendation systems for students through the integration of advanced machine learning techniques. © 2024 by the authors.

关键词： Recommender systems

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HarvestHub: Mobile Agricultural Markets 7

HarvestHub: Mobile Agricultural Markets

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7th International Conference on Circuit Power and Computing Technologies, ICCPCT 2024

作者： Deepika, Gundaboina Begum, Heena Reddy, Gangireddy Niranjan Joshini, Gogulamanda Sathyanarayanan, D. Pallavi, L. B V Raju Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana India B V Raju Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372816

This project aims to develop a web application addressing challenges in agricultural marketing, leveraging technology to connect farmers directly with buyers. Recognizing technology's pervasive role and potential impact, the project seeks to create a user-friendly platform for agricultural *** project will employ a comprehensive approach, considering technical development and socio-economic contexts. It begins with analysis of existing systems, informed by literature review and consultations. Iterative cycles of design, implementation, and testing guided by user feedback will be conducted. Key features include support for a local language, secure payments, customizable categorization, and intuitive interface *** project aims to produce a web application tailored for agricultural marketing. It will provide farmers a platform to showcase products and offer buyers convenient access. By streamlining processes, the application intends to enhance market access, improve transparency, and contribute to sector growth and *** by a commitment to leveraging technology for social good, this project seeks to empower farmers and promote economic development. Through stakeholder collaboration and ongoing evaluation, it aims for sustainability and scalability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agricultural economics

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Multimodal Deep Learning Framework for Non-Intrusive Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection 3

Multimodal Deep Learning Framework for Non-Intrusive Autism ...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Kavitha, G. Rajganesh, N. Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sriperumbudur Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

The non-intrusive detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) marks a significant advancement in early diagnosis and intervention. This approach allows users to upload videos to a web interface, where visual and auditory data are processed separately. Visual data is analyzed using a customized VGG19 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to identify facial expressions and movements indicative of autism, while auditory data is evaluated by a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) to detect auditory cues like tone and rhythm. A voting mechanism across 10 frames determines the visual classification, labelling the subject autistic if most frames indicate autistic traits. Audio analysis provides an independent prediction. The subject is classified as autistic if either analysis indicates autistic features. By leveraging deep neural networks to process multimodal data, this method offers an accessible, early ASD detection tool for caregivers and professionals, promoting timely interventions and improved outcomes. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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