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Model-to-Circuit Cross-Approximation for Printed Machine Learning Classifiers

IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2023年第11期42卷 3532-3544页

作者： Armeniakos, Giorgos Zervakis, Georgios Soudris, Dimitrios Tahoori, Mehdi B. Henkel, Jorg Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76131 Germany National Technical University of Athens School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Athens15780 Greece University of Patras Computer Engineering and Informatics Department Patras26504 Greece Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Karlsruhe76131 Germany

Printed electronics (PEs) promises on-demand fabrication, low nonrecurring engineering costs, and subcent fabrication costs. It also allows for high customization that would be infeasible in silicon, and bespoke architectures prevail to improve the efficiency of emerging PE machine learning (ML) applications. Nevertheless, large feature sizes in PE prohibit the realization of complex ML models in PE, even with bespoke architectures. In this work, we present an automated, cross-layer approximation framework tailored to bespoke architectures that enable complex ML models, such as multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) and support vector machines (SVMs), in PE. Our framework adopts cooperatively a hardware-driven coefficient approximation of the ML model at algorithmic level, a netlist pruning at logic level, and a voltage overscaling at the circuit level. Extensive experimental evaluation on 12 MLPs and 12 SVMs and more than 6000 approximate and exact designs demonstrates that our model-to-circuit cross-approximation delivers power and area optimal designs that, compared to the state-of-the-art exact designs, feature on average 51% and 66% area and power reduction, respectively, for less than 5% accuracy loss. Finally, we demonstrate that our framework enables 80% of the examined classifiers to be battery-powered with almost identical accuracy with the exact designs, paving thus the way toward smart complex printed applications. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Text Analysis and Recognition of Emotional Content Using Deep Learning Methods and BERT 23

Text Analysis and Recognition of Emotional Content Using Dee...

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23rd IEEE/ACIS International Conference on computer and Information Science, ICIS 2023

作者： Andrikakis, Efthymios Perikos, Isidoros Paraskevas, Michael Hatzilygeroudis, Ioannis University of Patras Department of Computer Engineering & Informatics Patras Greece University of Patras Computer Technology Institute and Press Diophantus Department of Computer Engineering & Informatics Patras Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Peloponnese Computer Technology Institute and Press Diophantus Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345841

Recognizing the emotional content of Natural Language sentences can improve the way humans communicate with a computer system by enabling them to recognize and imitate emotional expressions. In this paper, deep learning, deep neural networks as well as Transformers were examined. Specifically, we designed and developed deep learning methods and BERT-based implementations for recognizing emotional content in user-generated data. Extensive experiments were conducted using these models on a variety of textual data and all the designed methods were evaluated. The results of the study show that BERT achieved the best overall performance, getting an F1-score of 0.86 on the Twitter Data dataset. Also, the Bi-LSTM with Attention Mechanism and Bi-LSTM using Word2vec performed quite well, achieving F1-scores of 0.83 and 0.82, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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A Deep Ensemble Learning Approach for Venomous & Non-Venomous Serpents and Insect Species Identification 3

A Deep Ensemble Learning Approach for Venomous & Non-Venomou...

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3rd IEEE Asian Conference on Innovation in technology, ASIANCON 2023

作者： Samarasinghe, Buddhin Saroj Lakmali, K.B.N. Informatics Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science Colombo 06 Sri Lanka Informatics Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Colombo 06 Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302288

In recent years snake and insect attacks have become a huge problem worldwide. Most species have similar colors and shapes, which makes it hard to tell them apart using typical techniques. Similarly, identifying different species of bees and wasps can be challenging, especially for non-experts in the field. Therefore, developing a reliable and effective method for recognizing these animals is essential to reducing the issues caused by snake and insect attacks and supporting wildlife conservation efforts. The proposed method in this research utilizes deep ensemble learning and transfer learning techniques to identify snakes, wasps, and bees accurately. Deep ensemble learning involves combining several machine learning models to make better predictions, and transfer learning is a technique that allows pre-trained models to be re-used for new tasks, saving time and computational resources. The proposed method utilizes deep ensemble learning and uses three base transfer learning models, DenseNet201, MobileN etV2, and InceptionResN etV2, for classification. The study obtained a training accuracy of 93%. The research classified 11 types of snakes, four types of bees, and four types of wasps, including all 19 classes. Moreover, the author developed a mobile application for user interaction and utilized Flask API for the logic tier. The mobile application enables users to take pictures or upload images of a snake, wasp, or bee and identify the species accurately. This feature makes the proposed method more accessible to people who encounter these animals daily. Overall, this research represents a promising step towards developing an accurate and effective system for identifying snakes, wasps, and bees, with practical implications for human safety and biodiversity conservation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Sensitive Content Detection in Social Networks Using Deep Learning Models and Explainability Techniques 9

Sensitive Content Detection in Social Networks Using Deep Le...

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9th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Big Data, Cloud Computing, and Data Science, BCD 2024

作者： Perikos, Isidoros University of Patras Computer Engineering and Informatics Department Patras Greece University of Peloponnese Computer Technology Institute and Press 'Diophantus' Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394191

In the dynamic landscape of online social networks, recognizing sensitive content is essential for safeguarding user privacy, fostering inclusivity, and enhancing diversity awareness. Building on prior research, this study explores new dimensions and methodologies for detecting sensitive content. We examine the temporal evolution of sensitive content, revealing how patterns shift over time, and address cross-linguistic challenges, emphasizing cultural and contextual nuances in detection. We employ advanced machine learning techniques, including deep learning models and BERT that improve the accuracy and robustness of the detection procedure. In the experimental study, BERT transformer reported the best performance in detecting sensitive content in text. Additionally, we incorporate explainability techniques such as LIME and SHAP to provide deeper insights into the model's decision-making processes, ensuring predictions are interpretable and reliable. Our work enhances the theoretical framework of sensitive content detection in social networks and provide methods that are accurate and scalable and can facilitate the creation of user-centric interaction that prioritize privacy and user experience. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Introduction to Heterogeneous Robotic Systems in 5G and Beyond Networks

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IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第2期30卷 64-65页

作者： Lu, Huimin Ho, Pin-Han Khalfi, Bassem Verikoukis, Christos Kyushu Institute of Technology Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Waterloo Canada Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States University of Patras Department of Computer Engineering & Informatics Greece

Remote intelligence in the application of robotics and the autonomous system relies heavily on seamless wireless connections. The 5G mobile network technology meets traditional manufacturing enterprises' application requirements for wireless networks based on robot transformation and upgrading, robot interconnection, and remote interactive applications in production. However, there exists many challenging 5G communication issues, such as different communication protocols in the system varies with different robots and no dis-ruptive changes to the physical layer.

关键词： Special issues and sections Robots 5G mobile communication Physical layer Autonomous systems Heterogeneous networks

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A fusion of machine learning and cryptography for fast data encryption through the encoding of high and moderate plaintext information blocks

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 5349-5375页

作者： Shafique, Arslan Mehmood, Abid Alawida, Moatsum Elhadef, Mourad Rehman, Mujeeb Ur School of Biomedical Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Computer Sciences Abu Dhabi University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Cyber Technology Institute School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom

Within the domain of image encryption, an intrinsic trade-off emerges between computational complexity and the integrity of data transmission security. Protecting digital images often requires extensive mathematical operations for robust security. However, this computational burden makes real-time applications unfeasible. The proposed research addresses this challenge by leveraging machine learning algorithms to optimize efficiency while maintaining high security. This methodology involves categorizing image pixel blocks into three classes: high-information, moderate-information, and low-information blocks using a support vector machine (SVM). Encryption is selectively applied to high and moderate information blocks, leaving low-information blocks untouched, significantly reducing computational time. To evaluate the proposed methodology, parameters like precision, recall, and F1-score are used for the machine learning component, and security is assessed using metrics like correlation, peak signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error, entropy, energy, and contrast. The results are exceptional, with accuracy, entropy, correlation, and energy values all at 97.4%, 7.9991, 0.0001, and 0.0153, respectively. Furthermore, this encryption scheme is highly efficient, completed in less than one second, as validated by a MATLAB tool. These findings emphasize the potential for efficient and secure image encryption, crucial for secure data transmission in rea-time applications. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Cryptography

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(POSTER) A Holistic IoT-Enabled Approach for Indoor Air Quality Control 19

(POSTER) A Holistic IoT-Enabled Approach for Indoor Air Qual...

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19th Annual International Conference on Distributed Computing in Smart Systems and the Internet of Things, DCOSS-IoT 2023

作者： Kalioras, Fotios Filios, Gabriel Karatzas, Stylianos Nikoletseas, Sotiris University of Patras Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics Greece University of Patras Computer Technology Institute and Press Diophantus Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics Greece University of Patras Department of Civil Engineering Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346497

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is an important yet often overlooked aspect of public health, with poor IAQ contributing to a significant number of diverse health problems worldwide. Existing air quality standards have failed to fully address the problem, however emerging technologies in the field of IoT have demonstrated promise in effectively addressing this issue. This concept paper advocates a hybrid hierarchy system for IAQ monitoring that incorporates both offline and online connectivity. The system utilizes sensing elements that can perform a wide range of functions, including autocalibration, pollution event detection, and more, autonomously from the network. By combining a gateway device, the system's capabilities are enhanced, providing increased data granularity, additional calibration and sensing options as well as connection with Building Management Systems (BMS). Furthermore, by connecting the gateway to the cloud, the system can perform more advanced data analysis and machine learning, providing users with insights into not only air quality but also general environmental quality. Key features of the envisioned system include the integration of subjective perception of pollution via crowdsourcing, a TinyML technology at the edge, digital twins, and an optimised redundancy of sensors that can alleviate poor accuracy and drift as well as capture the spatial dispersion of pollution. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Crowdsourcing

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Deep Learning-Based Emotion Classification for Amharic Texts 11th

Deep Learning-Based Emotion Classification for Amharic Texts

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11th EAI International Conference on Advancement of Science and technology, ICAST 2023

作者： Haile, Sileshi Bogale Belay, Tadesse Destaw Bahiru, Tadesse Kebede Akele, Tadesse Birara Computer Science Department Assosa University Assosa Ethiopia Informatics Kombolcha Institute of Technology Wollo University Dessie Ethiopia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031641503

Text emotion classification is one of the methods used to organize massively available texts into a predefined category to maximize the utilization of information in social media. From previous research, it is noted that a lot of work has been done for different languages;however, there is no work done for the Amharic language. This work aimed to develop the data and emotion classification models for Amharic social media text comments using deep learning approaches. We have annotated 14,716 emotion text comments into seven different emotion classes. LSTM, BiLSTM, CNN-BiLSTM, BiGRU, CNN, and BiLSTM using AmRoBERTa pre-trained embedding models are implemented. After experimentation and evaluation, the result showed that the CNN classifier outperforms better with 77.0% accuracy and F1-score. For the future, we recommend increasing the data and adapting different contextualized pre-trained embeddings for the effectiveness of the proposed deep learning approaches. The dataset is available publicly for further investigation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Energy-Aware Heterogeneous Federated Learning via Approximate DNN Accelerators

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第6期44卷 2054-2066页

作者： Pfeiffer, Kilian Balaskas, Konstantinos Siozios, Kostas Henkel, Jorg Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Chair for Embedded Systems Karlsruhe76131 Germany University of Patras Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics Patras26504 Greece Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department of Physics Thessaloniki54124 Greece

In Federated Learning (FL), devices that participate in the training usually have heterogeneous resources, i.e., energy availability. In current deployments of FL, devices that do not fulfill certain hardware requirements are often dropped from the collaborative training. However, dropping devices in FL can degrade training accuracy and introduce bias or unfairness. Several works have tackled this problem on an algorithm level, e.g., by letting constrained devices train a subset of the server neural network (NN) model. However, it has been observed that these techniques are not effective w.r.t. accuracy. Importantly, they make simplistic assumptions about devices’ resources via indirect metrics, such as multiply accumulate (MAC) operations or peak memory requirements. We observe that memory access costs (that are currently not considered in simplistic metrics) have a significant impact on the energy consumption. In this work, for the first time, we consider on-device accelerator design for FL with heterogeneous devices. We utilize compressed arithmetic formats and approximate computing, targeting to satisfy limited energy budgets. Using a hardware-aware energy model, we observe that, contrary to the state of the art’s moderate energy reduction, our technique allows for lowering the energy requirements (by 4× ) while maintaining higher accuracy. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Budget control

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An intrusion detection system using ranked feature bagging

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International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2024年第2期16卷 1213-1219页

作者： Azhagiri, M. Rajesh, A. Karthik, S. Raja, K. Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jain University Bangalore India Department of IT College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Chennai India

An Intrusion Detection System monitors the network for any malicious attacks. It is an ideal tool for protecting extensive business networks from any kind of attack. In this paper, an Intrusion Detection System using Bagging and ranked features has been proposed. The sample datasets for training the ensemble of classifiers in the bagging approach are obtained by generating subsets of the features ranked according to their importance in the classification process. OneR algorithm has been used to rank the features. The decision tree has been used as the base classifier in the bagging approach. The proposed system was able to predict attacks with an accuracy of 99.71% with a minimal number of features and outperformed other similar approaches discussed in the literature. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's institute of computer Applications and Management 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s);author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

关键词： Bagging CIC-IDS 2017 dataset Decision tree Ensemble Feature selection Intrusion detection system OneR feature selection

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