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Cerebral cortex contributions to Parkinson's disease tremor:what exactly generates the tremor?

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3535-3536页

作者： Manuel Bange Hao Ding Muthuraman Muthuraman Informatics for Medical Technology Institute of Computer ScienceUniversity AugsburgAugsburgGermany Department of Neurology Neural Engineering with Signal Analytics and Artificial Intelligence(NESA-AI)University Clinic WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Pathological tremor is one of the cardinal symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD).Tremor is comprised of involuntary,rhythmic,a nd oscillating movements that can vary according to the circumstances under which they occur,the body parts that are involved,and the frequency at which they *** example,tremors can be mild to severe,are stress sensitive,and can affect arms,legs,or the head (Dirkx and Bologna,2022).

关键词： tremor cortex exactly

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Intelligent Elderly Care: Practicing Ambiguity Neutrosophic Theory for Optimization Contemporary Machine Learning Techniques in Elderly Care

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 79卷 436-453页

作者： Ismail, Mahmoud M. Metwaly, Ahmed A. ElKomy, Osama Al-Ghamry, Alaa Mohamed, Mona Decision Support Department Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt Higher Technological Institute 10th of Ramadan City44629 Egypt

One of the biggest challenges facing healthcare systems throughout the world is the aging population. The growing number of elderly citizens in need of specialized care is severely straining the available resources and care methods. It is sometimes difficult for traditional care techniques to address the complex and varied requirements of this expanding population. To fix these challenges, inclusion of contemporary technology is imperative and pragmatic solutions such as Internet of Thing (IoT), cloud computing (CC), and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL). Such AI has potential role to make elderly care services (ECSs) to be intelligent ECSs (IECSs) through providing proactivity and earlier detection based on smart IoT sensors. Therefore, this study seeks to achieve two objectives. Firstly, leveraging the capabilities of ML techniques to revolutionize care delivery to be intelligent, optimize resource allocation, and proactive. Secondly, evaluating the robustness of utilized ML techniques in serving study's objectives. Accordingly, utilized ML Techniques consider alternatives (MLTs) that evaluate based on CRiteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) to obtain weights for criteria which alternatives evaluated based on. These weights are leveraging in Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to rank MLTs alternatives. For bolstering the evaluation process, we are integrating uncertainty theory of Probabilistic Simplified Neutrosophic Set (PSNS) which effectively captures the inherent uncertainty and imprecision. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Probing Large Language Models from A Human Behavioral Perspective 1

Probing Large Language Models from A Human Behavioral Perspe...

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1st Workshop on Bridging Neurons and Symbols for Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Graphs Reasoning, NeusymBridge 2024

作者： Wang, Xintong Li, Xiaoyu Li, Xingshan Biemann, Chris Department of Informatics Universität Hamburg Germany School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814128

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as dominant foundational models in modern NLP. However, the understanding of their prediction processes and internal mechanisms, such as feed-forward networks (FFN) and multi-head self-attention (MHSA), remains largely unexplored. In this work, we probe LLMs from a human behavioral perspective, correlating values from LLMs with eye-tracking measures, which are widely recognized as meaningful indicators of human reading patterns. Our findings reveal that LLMs exhibit a similar prediction pattern with humans but distinct from that of Shallow Language Models (SLMs). Moreover, with the escalation of LLM layers from the middle layers, the correlation coefficients also increase in FFN and MHSA, indicating that the logits within FFN increasingly encapsulate word semantics suitable for predicting tokens from the vocabulary. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Enabling LoRa energy awareness: A Multihop One-Hop Routing Protocol for Prolonging Network Lifetime 19

Enabling LoRa energy awareness: A Multihop One-Hop Routing P...

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19th Annual International Conference on Distributed Computing in Smart Systems and the Internet of Things, DCOSS-IoT 2023

作者： Katsidimas, Ioannis Manolopoulos, Alexandros-Ioannis Nikoletseas, Sotiris University of Patras Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics Patras Greece University of Athens Department of Physics National and Kapodistrian Athens Greece University of Patras and Computer Technology Institute and Press Diophantus Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346497

IoT applications often rely on battery-powered nodes that may be challenging to recharge, making energy efficiency a crucial concern. In this context, routing protocols play a vital role as they dictate the paths data packets take between nodes, directly influencing the energy consumption of IoT networks. Energy-aware routing protocols have been proposed to address this issue, with the aim of optimizing energy consumption by selecting paths that minimize the energy required for data transmission and reception. These protocols employ various strategies, such as distance-based, traffic-based, and hybrid schemes, to achieve energy efficiency in IoT networks. LoRaWAnprotocol has been adopted for various IoT applications with requirements in low-power and extended coverage. Over the recent years attempts have been made to replace the typical star topology employed by LoRa with multihop solutions, in an effort to further increase its capabilities. In this paper, we present a multihop algorithm that is based on an energy-balanced routing scheme adopted by LoRa nodes to increase energy efficiency and network lifetime. Multiple one-hop routes are configured for critical nodes and a different route is selected in each transmission. Additionally, critical nodes adjust their Spreading Factor and Transmission Power according to the distance of intermediate nodes. Simulation testing results verify the improved performance of our algorithm over the direct link approach. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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"SHeMeD": An Application on Secure Computation of Medical Cloud Data Based on Homomorphic Encryption 23rd

"SHeMeD": An Application on Secure Computation of Medical Cl...

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23rd International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2023

作者： Salaga, Hara Karanikolas, Nikos Kaklamanis, Christos Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Rion26504 Greece Computer Technology Institute and Press "Diophantus" Rion26504 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783031371196

In today’s Internet-centric world, two main challenges have arisen regarding data exploration: a) the privacy of sensitive data and b) the need for users to have an efficient way to manage their data. Cloud computing offers a cost-effective way towards direct data storage and access, which can function as a catalyst to modernize and update legacy systems. Although cloud computing provides efficient dynamic storage space, data security remains a concern. To this end, we propose a novel design and implementation of an application that enables secure storage of personal data in the cloud through a complete homomorphic encryption system. The application is named "SHeMed", which stands for Secure Homomorphic encryption on Medical cloud data. We have concentrated on the secure storage of medical data for breast cancer patients to ensure patients’ data privacy and prevent unauthorized access. With the introduction of homomorphic encryption in the core of this application, we achieve four significant milestones regarding the secure "sealing" of data privacy: a) the user does not share the private key with the cloud provider, b) the user can proceed with implementing mathematical operations on encrypted data, c) cloud can be easily scaled and provide a convenient way to store data, d) after the implementation of mathematical operations, the new processed data may be shared with other users, mainly doctors, without providing the original ones. Our design implies that our users will need to retrieve their patient’s data just once. In this paper, we present a case study of our application that utilizes homomorphic encryption to eliminate the burden of preserving data confidentiality in the cloud and enable a convenient analysis of medical data through computations on encrypted data. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Artificial intelligence in physiological characteristics recognition for internet of things authentication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 740-755页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Huansheng Ning Fadi Farha Jianguo Ding Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Cyberspace Data Analysis and Applications Beijing100083China Faculty of Informatics Engineering Aleppo UniversityAleppoSyria Department of Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology37179KarlskronaSweden Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Effective user authentication is key to ensuring equipment security,data privacy,and personalized services in Internet of Things(IoT)***,conventional mode-based authentication methods(e.g.,passwords and smart cards)may be vulnerable to a broad range of attacks(e.g.,eavesdropping and side-channel attacks).Hence,there have been attempts to design biometric-based authentication solutions,which rely on physiological and behavioral *** characteristics need continuous monitoring and specific environmental settings,which can be challenging to implement in ***,we can also leverage Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the extraction and classification of physiological characteristics from IoT devices processing to facilitate ***,we review the literature on the use of AI in physiological characteristics recognition pub-lished after *** use the three-layer architecture of the IoT(i.e.,sensing layer,feature layer,and algorithm layer)to guide the discussion of existing approaches and their *** also identify a number of future research opportunities,which will hopefully guide the design of next generation solutions.

关键词： Physiological characteristics recognition Artificial intelligence Internet of things Biological-driven authentication

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From News to Summaries: Building a Hungarian Corpus for Extractive and Abstractive Summarization 30

From News to Summaries: Building a Hungarian Corpus for Extr...

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Barta, Botond Lakatos, Dorina Nagy, Attila Nyist, Milán Konor Ács, Judit HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungary Department of Automation and Applied Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

Training summarization models requires substantial amounts of training data. However for less resourceful languages like Hungarian, openly available models and datasets are notably scarce. To address this gap our paper introduces HunSum-2 an open-source Hungarian corpus suitable for training abstractive and extractive summarization models. The dataset is assembled from segments of the Common Crawl corpus undergoing thorough cleaning, preprocessing and deduplication. In addition to abstractive summarization we generate sentence-level labels for extractive summarization using sentence similarity. We train baseline models for both extractive and abstractive summarization using the collected dataset. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the trained models, we perform both quantitative and qualitative evaluation. Our dataset, models and code are publicly available, encouraging replication, further research, and real-world applications across various domains. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： abstractive summarization extractive summarization Hungarian

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Using Machine Learning to Identify and Categorize Personally Identifiable Information and Payment Card Industry Data in Textual Content 4

Using Machine Learning to Identify and Categorize Personally...

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4th International Conference on Advanced Research in Computing, ICARC 2024

作者： Arambawela, Milinda Aponso, Achala University of Westminster Computer Science and Engineering London United Kingdom Informatics Institute of Technology Department of Computing Colombo Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384864

The advent of the Internet has significantly stream-lined daily tasks through the rapid increase of online services. Everyday activities, such as purchasing goods and scheduling appointments with healthcare professionals, have become more speedy, efficient and user-friendly with the integration of the Internet. The continuous improvement of online services has led to many people moving towards digital activities. As a result, it has heightened the recording of personal and payment transaction data across various storage mediums, including databases and log files. The protection and regulation of this sensitive data are imperative, aligning with the guidelines outlined in GDPR and PCI-DSS compliances. Recognizing exposed personal data poses a considerable challenge. This research introduces a novel approach to identifying payment card industry data (PCI) and personally identifiable information (PII). The research project proposes a machine learning-based text classification model utilizing the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to discern PII and PCI data within a given text. The CNN model has been constructed and compared against Naive Bayes, Gradient Boost, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models. The CNN model achieved the highest accuracy at 0.96 (96%). Additionally, the F1 scores for each class were significant, with PII scoring 0.94, PCI scoring 0.95, and Normal scoring 0.99. Following the model's construction and training, it was employed with the saved tokenizer's word indexes and label encoders in the developed classification tool. This tool successfully delivered the promised results, identifying exposed PII and PCI data. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Neural network models

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Improving bot detection of fake followers on Twitter via a hybrid B-HC optimisation algorithm 5

Improving bot detection of fake followers on Twitter via a h...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Electrical, computer and Communication Technologies, ICECCT 2023

作者： Alzeyadi, Haider Duran, Fecir Informatics Institute Department of Computer Science Gazi University Ankara Turkey Gazi University Engineering Faculty of Technology Department of Computer Engineering Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781665493604

Sophisticated cyber threats are seen on Online Social Networks (OSNs) social media accounts automated to imitate human behaviours has an impactful effect on distorting public thoughts and opinions. OSNs are weaponized to diffuse deception, misinformation, and malicious activities, that forms a serious threat to society. The deceptive nature of imitating human behaviour has become a challenging and crucial task to detect automated accounts (socialbots). This research, however, proposes a hybrid metaheuristic optimisation algorithm for socialbot detection. Specifically, a hybrid B-Hill Climbing (B-HC) optimisation algorithm works in tandem with a k-NN nearest neighbour classifier to accurately select a relevant feature subset. It is applied to be tested for fake followers account on Twitter data. Experimental results showed that the proposed method is better than the traditional and the latest feature selection techniques as well as the rule-set methods. The B-HC alongside with k-NN method achieved promising results using only relevant feature subset. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Enhancing Preschool Literacy: A Machine Learning Approach to Sinhala Alphabet Recognition

Enhancing Preschool Literacy: A Machine Learning Approach to...

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2024 International Conference on Innovative Computing, Intelligent Communication and Smart Electrical Systems, ICSES 2024

作者： De Silva, D.I. Athukorala, K.S.N. Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Department of Information Technology Malabe Sri Lanka UvaWellassa University Department of Computer Science and Informatics Badulla Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798331543617

This paper proposes a new tool to help preschool children learn the Sinhala alphabet, as it employs the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm for handwritten Sinhala character recognition and prediction. The interactive platform also addresses the challenges that arise from conventional classroom learning systems, such as the lack of quick feedback, one-off learning, and inflexibility for individual learners. A crucial aspect of the Sinhala script is that it contains fifty-six characters, making character recognition particularly tedious for preschool children. The K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm appears to fill that gap impressively, as it can determine the handwriting of individuals and convert it into usable pieces for students. Usability testing indicated that preschoolers achieved a defined accuracy threshold of 90%, while the model's accuracy was 87%. These indicators provide internal evidence of the tool's actual utility in classroom interactions. The present study highlights the cultural relevance of HCI applications for children in early years education and advances the fields of machine learning systems and the preservation of the Sinhala language. The outcomes of this research demonstrate the technical correctness of the solution and its potential usefulness in applying this method to other languages and educational systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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