Photonic technologies continue to drive the quest for new optical materials with unprecedented responses. A major frontier in this field is the exploration of nonlocal (spatially dispersive) materials, going beyond th...
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Photonic technologies continue to drive the quest for new optical materials with unprecedented responses. A major frontier in this field is the exploration of nonlocal (spatially dispersive) materials, going beyond the local, wavevector-independent assumption traditionally adopted in optical material modeling. The growing interest in plasmonic, polaritonic, and quantum materials has revealed naturally occurring nonlocalities, emphasizing the need for more accurate models to predict and design their optical responses. This has major implications also for topological, nonreciprocal, and time-varying systems based on these material platforms. Beyond natural materials, artificially structured materials—metamaterials and metasurfaces—can provide even stronger and engineered nonlocal effects, emerging from long-range interactions or multipolar effects. This is a rapidly expanding area in the field of photonic metamaterials, with open frontiers yet to be explored. In metasurfaces, in particular, nonlocality engineering has emerged as a powerful tool for designing strongly wavevector-dependent responses, enabling enhanced wavefront control, spatial compression, multifunctional devices, and wave-based computing. Furthermore, nonlocality and related concepts play a critical role in defining the ultimate limits of what is possible in optics, photonics, and wave physics. This Roadmap aims to survey the most exciting developments in nonlocal photonic materials and metamaterials, highlight new opportunities and open challenges, and chart new pathways that will drive this emerging field forward—toward new scientific discoveries and technological *** by Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License . Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.
The research on signal processing of syllables sound signal is still the challenging tasks, due to non-stationary, speaker-dependent, variable context, and dynamic nature factor of the signal. In the process of classi...
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BigNeuron is an open community bench-testing platform with the goal of setting open standards for accurate and fast automatic neuron tracing. We gathered a diverse set of image volumes across several species that is r...
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BigNeuron is an open community bench-testing platform with the goal of setting open standards for accurate and fast automatic neuron tracing. We gathered a diverse set of image volumes across several species that is representative of the data obtained in many neuroscience laboratories interested in neuron tracing. Here, we report generated gold standard manual annotations for a subset of the available imaging datasets and quantified tracing quality for 35 automatic tracing algorithms. The goal of generating such a hand-curated diverse dataset is to advance the development of tracing algorithms and enable generalizable benchmarking. Together with image quality features, we pooled the data in an interactive web application that enables users and developers to perform principal component analysis, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, correlation and clustering, visualization of imaging and tracing data, and benchmarking of automatic tracing algorithms in user-defined data subsets. The image quality metrics explain most of the variance in the data, followed by neuromorphological features related to neuron size. We observed that diverse algorithms can provide complementary information to obtain accurate results and developed a method to iteratively combine methods and generate consensus reconstructions. The consensus trees obtained provide estimates of the neuron structure ground truth that typically outperform single algorithms in noisy datasets. However, specific algorithms may outperform the consensus tree strategy in specific imaging conditions. Finally, to aid users in predicting the most accurate automatic tracing results without manual annotations for comparison, we used support vector machine regression to predict reconstruction quality given an image volume and a set of automatic tracings.
Photonic technologies continue to drive the quest for new optical materials with unprecedented responses. A major frontier in this field is the exploration of nonlocal (spatially dispersive) materials, going beyond th...
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computer security is a very important thing in an information system. The strength of the NTRU algorithm is the difficulty of finding a short vector of a lattice (a discrete subgroup of a collection of vectors that in...
computer security is a very important thing in an information system. The strength of the NTRU algorithm is the difficulty of finding a short vector of a lattice (a discrete subgroup of a collection of vectors that includes the entire vector environment) of a random polynomial that has a large degree. The strength of the RSA algorithm lies in the level of difficulty in factoring non-prime numbers into the primary factor. As long as no efficient algorithm has been found to find the prime factors of large integers, the RSA algorithm is highly recommended for message encryption. And finally this is the TRIPEL DES algorithm designed using a 56-bit key, and that size is enough to run a secure encryption technique. This algorithm provides a simple solution that is running the DES Algorithm 3 times for data blocks. The results of our study of measuring speed on encryption and decryption using the same file are superior to the RSA algorithm compared to the NTRU and TRIPLE DES algorithms.
Traffic signs are important markers in two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles. However, there is a change in direction or arrangement on the road that cannot be opened on a map which can cause incorrect information, wh...
Traffic signs are important markers in two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles. However, there is a change in direction or arrangement on the road that cannot be opened on a map which can cause incorrect information, which can cause traffic jams. In this journal the author uses a camera mounted on a car that provides a solution for drivers who issue problems that occur on the road that show directions or arrangements that are not directly updated using the HOG and MMOD methods. HOGs and MMODs are methods that can refute objects well, and move images and will be recognized immediately. The information received can be sent directly to an electronic map so that it can be accessed automatically by the driver's information and assistance and other information finds the right path, so that it can help the driver and can avoid traffic jams.
It is for the first time that quantum simulation for high-energy physics (HEP) is studied in the U.S. decadal particle-physics community planning, and in fact until recently, this was not considered a mainstream topic...
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It is for the first time that quantum simulation for high-energy physics (HEP) is studied in the U.S. decadal particle-physics community planning, and in fact until recently, this was not considered a mainstream topic in the community. This fact speaks of a remarkable rate of growth of this subfield over the past few years, stimulated by the impressive advancements in quantum information sciences (QIS) and associated technologies over the past decade, and the significant investment in this area by the government and private sectors in the U.S. and other countries. High-energy physicists have quickly identified problems of importance to our understanding of nature at the most fundamental level, from tiniest distances to cosmological extents, that are intractable with classical computers but may benefit from quantum advantage. They have initiated, and continue to carry out, a vigorous program in theory, algorithm, and hardware co-design for simulations of relevance to the HEP mission. This Roadmap is an attempt to bring this exciting and yet challenging area of research to the spotlight, and to elaborate on what the promises, requirements, challenges, and potential solutions are over the next decade and beyond.
In this millennial era, a large amount of digital data traffic going through communication media on digital technology every day. Most of the data are documents and other essential information. The existing rapid deve...
In this millennial era, a large amount of digital data traffic going through communication media on digital technology every day. Most of the data are documents and other essential information. The existing rapid development of technology nowadays, information can be easily faked. To make sure the validity of a digital document, a digital signature is required to verify the originality of the document. The purpose of this research is to design software which implemented the group signature algorithm to apply and verify digital signatures. The Signature Group algorithm used in this research is the Tseng-Jan scheme. The Tseng-Jan scheme consists of 5 stages: setup, join, sign, verify, and open. After applying the algorithm using 2 digits key and 3 digits key on the samples, 80% of the verification experiment on 2 digits key was succeeded 70% of the verification experiment on 3 digits key was succeeded.
This research is about smooth support vector machine (SSVM) and Decision Tree in data mining. Many researchers conduct and develop methods to improve the accuracy and classification of data on good results. This resea...
This research is about smooth support vector machine (SSVM) and Decision Tree in data mining. Many researchers conduct and develop methods to improve the accuracy and classification of data on good results. This research was conducted by conducting an experiment on STMIK Neumann Medan student data. In this study, it was concluded that Decision Tree performance is better than SSVM, Decision Tree gets very good results that promise to help find the best students to get scholarships. This study is better than SSVM. The training process has a difference of 11.04% and the testing process is 10.08% with each Accuracy.
Raspberry Pi is a mini-computer that is provided to carry out activities quickly and precisely, but Raspberry Pi was created to not be able to do the real-time system with the support of Windows 10 IoT operating syste...
Raspberry Pi is a mini-computer that is provided to carry out activities quickly and precisely, but Raspberry Pi was created to not be able to do the real-time system with the support of Windows 10 IoT operating system, so the real-time system can be done on Raspberry Pi. The real-time applied in the application needs to be tested with the Nyquist theory. The purpose of this study was to get real-time system measurements available on Windows 10 IoT. This test is done using the Nyquist theory by calculating the results of measurements on mp3 streaming performed on Windows 10 IoT.
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