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Cognitive Computing and Complex Data (ICCD), International Conference on the

作者： Yudong Fang Yuefei Wang Liucun Zhu Zhen Liu Lei Shi Muxin Du Jianchu Lin School of Mechanical and Marine Engineering Beibu Gulf University Qinzhou China Sentinel Institute of Science and Technology Beibu Gulf University Qinzhou China Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science Nagasaki Japan Guangzhou Shiyuan Electronic Technology Company Limited Guangzhou China Faculty of Computer and Software Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huai'an China

ISBN: (数字)9798350352894

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352900

Lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots can effectively improve the rehabilitation of stroke patients and can substantially reduce the workload of rehabilitation therapists and improve work efficiency. In this paper, we propose a method to investigate the influence of muscle groups on the hip joint during the gait cycle through kinetic modeling simulation. The method is validated using electromyographic signals (EMG). The patients are treated according to their gait characteristics. Simulation with OpenSim; optimisation by Scone controller; joint motion change curves were analysed by Matlab simulation to verify the correctness of the mathematical model, and the simulation showed excellent following effect. The feasibility of the theory is verified, and a new scheme is proposed for the treatment of stroke patients.

关键词： Limbs Exoskeletons Stroke (medical condition) Muscles Assistive robots Mathematical models Kinetic theory MATLAB Robots Optimization

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Smart Diagnostic System For Early Detection And Prediction Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Smart Diagnostic System For Early Detection And Prediction O...

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International Conference on computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI)

作者： K P Harish M.N Dhivyanchali K.Nirmala Devi N. Krishnamoorthy R Dhana Sree R Dharanidharan Department of Computer Science & engineering Kongu Engineering College (of Affiliation) Erode India Swamy Vivekanandha Medical College Hospital and Research Institute Elayampalayam Tiruchengode Tamilnadu INDIA Department of Software Systems and Engineering School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore Campus Tamilnadu

PCOS are the serious condition which affects female ovaries during their reproductive age of 15 to 45. This disease affects 5 to 10% of reproductive-age females. Although it is difficult to fully resolve this issue,the PCOS affected women can be mitigated through proper exercise, by taking proper nutritious diet and maintaining the healthy BMI. Until they take a pregnancy test, the majority of women are unaware of the disease. The clinical dataset has the 541 instances and 45 attributes of unbalanced classes of 0 and 1 (no and yes) which has 364 instances of 0 (no) class and 177 instances of 1 (yes) class. Preprocessing is done for the unbalanced dataset by filling the null values and changing the datatype of all attributes to numeric datatypes. The unbalanced dataset is balanced by the balancing techniques of SMOTE and Random Over Sampling. Comparing the both balanced techniques through the accuracy the random oversampling gives the *** supervised learning algorithms are Decision tree, KNN,Random Forest,AdaBoost, Logistic regression,Gradient boosting, cat boosting, XGBoosting, Linear SVM, Radial SVM, Linear discriminant analysis and Quadratic discriminant analysis are *** supervised learning algorithms are trained and tested by splitting the dataset to 70% for training and 30% for testing. The ensemble stacking techniques are used by implementing the all models at the cross validation of *** xgboost gives the accuracy of 96% for the balanced dataset.

关键词： Support vector machines Training Stacking Null value Boosting Pregnancy test Regression tree analysis

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Adaptive Convolutional Neural Network Structure for Network Traffic Classification 27

Adaptive Convolutional Neural Network Structure for Network ...

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27th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2021

作者： Han, Zhuang Guan, Jianfeng Yao, Yanan Yao, Su School of Computer Science National Pilot Software Engineering School Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408783

Network traffic classification has been highly concerned by academia and industry for decades. In recent years, deep learning has attracted many scholars to use it in network traffic classification due to its excellent performance in the fields of computer vision and natural language processing. However, the performance of the neural network depends on its structure in the same dataset. When looking for the neural network to classify network traffic, it is necessary to constantly adjust the structure of the neural network to achieve better results, which is very time-consuming and experience-dependent. To solve the above problem, this paper proposes an Adaptive Convolutional Neural Network Structure for Network Traffic Classification (ACNNS-NTC) algorithm. The proposed algorithm first pre-processes the network traffic data used for training and testing, and then uses particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the network structure of the convolutional neural network, to generate convolutional neural network structure for network traffic classification, and verify the classification results. Experimental results show that the accuracies of the ACNNS-NTC algorithm on public datasets (ISCX-IDS2012, USTC-TFC2016, CIC-IDS2017) are above 99%. At the same time, the generated convolutional neural network has a more succinct structure and fewer model parameters compared with the existing methods. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A Novel Two-Layer DAG-Based Reactive Protocol for IoT Data Reliability in Metaverse

A Novel Two-Layer DAG-Based Reactive Protocol for IoT Data R...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems

作者： Changlin Yang Ying Liu Kwan-Wu Chin Jiguang Wang Huawei Huang Zibin Zheng School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia School of Computer Science Zhongyuan University of Technology Zhengzhou China

Many applications, e.g., digital twins, rely on sensing data from Internet of Things (IoT) networks, which is used to infer event(s) and initiate actions to affect an environment. This gives rise to concerns relating to data integrity and provenance. One possible solution to address these concerns is to employ blockchain. However, blockchain has high resource requirements, thereby making it unsuitable for use on resource-constrained IoT devices. To this end, this paper proposes a novel approach, called two-layer directed acyclic graph (2LDAG), whereby IoT devices only store a digital fingerprint of data generated by their neighbors. Further, it proposes a novel proof-of-path (PoP) protocol that allows an operator or digital twin to verify data in an on-demand manner. The simulation results show 2LDAG has storage and communication cost that is respectively two and three orders of magnitude lower than traditional blockchain and also blockchains that use a DAG structure. Moreover, 2LDAG achieves consensus even when 49% of nodes are malicious.

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A cross Transformer for image denoising

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Information Fusion 2024年 102卷

作者： Tian, Chunwei Zheng, Menghua Zuo, Wangmeng Zhang, Shichao Zhang, Yanning Lin, Chia-Wen School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'anShaanxi710129 China National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology Xi'anShaanxi710129 China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Hunan Changsha410083 China School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Shaanxi Xi'an710129 China Department of Electrical Engineering and the Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) depend on feedforward and feedback ways to obtain good performance in image denoising. However, how to obtain effective structural information via CNNs to efficiently represent given noisy images is key for complex scenes. In this paper, we propose a cross Transformer denoising CNN (CTNet) with a serial block (SB), a parallel block (PB), and a residual block (RB) to obtain clean images for complex scenes. A SB uses an enhanced residual architecture to deeply search structural information for image denoising. To avoid loss of key information, PB uses three heterogeneous networks to implement multiple interactions of multi-level features to broadly search for extra information for improving the adaptability of an obtained denoiser for complex scenes. Also, to improve denoising performance, Transformer mechanisms are embedded into the SB and PB to extract complementary salient features for effectively removing noise in terms of pixel relations. Finally, a RB is applied to acquire clean images. Experiments illustrate that our CTNet is superior to some popular denoising methods in terms of real and synthetic image denoising. It is suitable to mobile digital devices, i.e., phones. Codes can be obtained at https://***/hellloxiaotian/CTNet. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Image denoising

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Incremental Instance Segmentation for Cluttered Baggage Threat Detection

Incremental Instance Segmentation for Cluttered Baggage Thre...

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IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Virtual Environments for Measurement Systems and Applications

作者： Ammara Nasim Divya Velayudhan Abdelfatah Hassan Ahmed Taimur Hassan Samet Akcay Muhammad Usman Akram Naoufel Werghi Department of Computer and Software Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KUCARS and C2PS Khalifa University UAE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Abu Dhabi University Abu Dhabi UAE R&D Division Intel Corporation UK

Identification of contraband items from highly oc-cluded baggage of air travelers is a challenging task even for human experts with very high experience. Many researchers have been working rigorously to develop computer vision-based techniques for baggage screening through X-ray images. Nu-merous machine learning and deep learning-based frameworks have been proposed by researchers in the last two decades. However, all of these techniques face limitations in segmenting prohibited items from highly occluded and cluttered baggage. In this paper, we propose a novel framework based on semantic segmentation to automatically detect concealed prohibited items from X-ray baggage scans. Furthermore, to detect different overlapping instances of the same contraband item, we propose an instance-aware segmentation model that enables the semantic segmentation model to identify multiple instances of the same threat category through incremental learning without requiring additional overhead. The proposed framework is computationally lighter compared to other similar approaches as it requires min-imal training examples and leverages previous knowledge. The proposed model has outperformed state-of-the-art instance seg-mentation techniques when tested on publicly available GDXray and SIXray datasets, giving mean average precision scores of 0.50 and 0.47, respectively. In addition, the proposed framework leads other instance segmentation baseline models in terms of mean inference time.

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RSP-gcForest: A Distributed Deep Forest via Random Sample Partition

RSP-gcForest: A Distributed Deep Forest via Random Sample Pa...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data

作者： Mark Junjie Li Wenzhu Cai Yigang Lin Sunjie Huang Joshua Zhexue Huang Patrick Xiaogang Peng College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Shenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine

Deep Forest, a powerful alternative to deep neural networks, has gained much attention due to its advantages, such as low complexity, minimal hyperparameter requirements, and strong application performance. In the current big data environment, where data volumes and model complexities are growing rapidly, distributed computing is needed to increase computational efficiency. Recently, a distributed deep forest approach, called BLB-gcForest (Bag of Little Bootstraps-gcForest), has been successful in reducing training instances within cascade forests, combining BLB and granularity segmentation, thus improving the computational efficiency and scalability of distributed deep forests. However, it still transmits the entire data set between layers and requires double sampling with BLB, limiting the amount of data and the scalability of resource utilization. This paper introduces a novel algorithm, RSP-gcForest, based on Random Sample Partition (RSP) to improve distributed deep forests computational efficiency and scalability. RSP-gcForest uses block-level samples that replace the full dataset, significantly reducing interlayer instance transmission and prediction within cascade forests. Additionally, RSP blocks are integrated with the segmentation granularity of cascade forests for ensemble learning, effectively addressing computational efficiency and resource constraints. We conducted experiments on four extensive datasets using Spark and evaluated performance across five key metrics. The results clearly show that RSP-gcForest, while maintaining high classification quality, surpasses state-of-the-art methods in terms of computational efficiency and resource utilization. Furthermore, it achieves superior load balancing, demonstrating its potential as a powerful tool in big data and distributed computing.

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Identification of Human Activity and Associated Context Using Smartphone Inertial Sensors in Unrestricted Environment

Identification of Human Activity and Associated Context Usin...

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International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital Systems (C-CODE)

作者： Sadam Hussain Noorani Aasim Raheel Sheharyar Khan Aamir Arsalan Muhammad Ehatisham-Ul-Haq Department of Computer Engineering University of Engg. and Technology Taxila Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Creative Technologies Air University Islamabad Pakistan

Smartphones are increasing ubiquitously due to the need and demand in the modern era. The world is transmuting into a global village with the cumulation of smart devices. Nowadays, smartphones are enriched with inertial sensors which can be used to recognize physical human activities in the wild. Human activity recognition (HAR) lies at the core of many applications like health monitoring, fall detection, road safety, personal assistance, and behavior-based context awareness. Context-based HAR is a new dimension that provides fine-grained information about the action being performed and leads us towards the automated and intelligent system design, which is useful to furnish the smart solution to real-life problems. In this paper, smartphone sensors are utilized to propose a framework for human activity and context recognition. This framework performs activity-dependent context recognition on the ExtraSensory dataset using random forest, decision tree, and k-nearest neighbor classifiers, and achieves an accuracy of 93.10%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

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Can We Improve Meta-Learning Model in Few-Shot Learning by Aligning Data Distributions?

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Tian, Pinzhuo Li, Wenbin Qi, Lei Yu, Hang Gao, Yang Xie, Shaorong School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China The State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Jiangsu Nanjing211189 China

Meta-learning becomes a promising way to solve the few-shot learning problem in recent research. This paradigm mainly relies on hierarchical architecture and episodic training to achieve good generalization on the new learning task. However, as we know, support and query sets in each training task in episodic training only contain a few data points. Too limited training data can lead to data discrepancy between the training and test data which further hurts the performance of learning models in classical supervised and semisupervised learning. Hence, there is an interesting question: Can we also improve the meta-learning model in few-shot learning by aligning the data distributions of support and query sets? In this work, we try to answer this question. Firstly, we give a theoretical analysis of the generalization ability of meta-learning to show that eliminating the data-distribution discrepancy between the support and query sets in each training task can improve the meta-learning model in few-shot learning. Next, we design an experiment to further verify our analysis. The experimental results show that aligning the Preprint submitted to Pattern Recognition December 27, 2022 data distributions is crucial and even can help the learning model trained by the classical batch-based training achieve better performance on unseen few-shot learning tasks. Furthermore, we also propose two simple metabatch normalization methods following our result which can be integrated into recent meta-learning methods to improve their performance in few-shot © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning systems

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DarkFed: A Data-Free Backdoor Attack in Federated Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Minghui Wan, Wei Ning, Yuxuan Hu, Shengshan Xue, Lulu Zhang, Leo Yu Wang, Yichen School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia

Federated learning (FL) has been demonstrated to be susceptible to backdoor attacks. However, existing academic studies on FL backdoor attacks rely on a high proportion of real clients with main task-related data, which is impractical. In the context of real-world industrial scenarios, even the simplest defense suffices to defend against the state-of-the-art attack, 3DFed. A practical FL backdoor attack remains in a nascent stage of development. To bridge this gap, we present DarkFed. Initially, we emulate a series of fake clients, thereby achieving the attacker proportion typical of academic research scenarios. Given that these emulated fake clients lack genuine training data, we further propose a data-free approach to backdoor FL. Specifically, we delve into the feasibility of injecting a backdoor using a shadow dataset. Our exploration reveals that impressive attack performance can be achieved, even when there is a substantial gap between the shadow dataset and the main task dataset. This holds true even when employing synthetic data devoid of any semantic information as the shadow dataset. Subsequently, we strategically construct a series of covert backdoor updates in an optimized manner, mimicking the properties of benign updates, to evade detection by defenses. A substantial body of empirical evidence validates the tangible effectiveness of DarkFed. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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