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Multiresolution feature extraction based on multifrequency decomposition

Multiresolution feature extraction based on multifrequency d...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Changhoon Yim W.N. Klarquist A.C. Bovik Laboratory for Vision Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin USA

Edges and regions are important features for various computer vision and pattern recognition applications. We propose simple schemes for generating edge and region features based on multifrequency decomposition. These methods involve two steps. First, a multiresolution image structure is obtained by multifrequency decomposition. Second, multiresolution features are generated from this multiresolution image structure by some simple operations. Since these features have a hierarchical structure, we can use the coarse-to-fine strategy to improve the reliability and computational efficiency for matching and for other applications.< >

关键词： Feature extraction Frequency image resolution computer vision Pattern recognition Filter bank Application software Mirrors Pattern matching Design methodology

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Local multiscale frequency and bandwidth estimation

Local multiscale frequency and bandwidth estimation

引用

IEEE International Conference on image Processing

作者： H. Knutsson C.-F. Westin G. Granlund Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Vision Laboratory Linköping University Linkoping Sweden

This paper describes a robust algorithm for estimation of local signal frequency and bandwidth. The method is based on combining local estimates of instantaneous frequency over a large number of scales. The filters used are a set of lognormal quadrature wavelets. A novel feature is that an estimate of local frequency bandwidth can be obtained. The bandwidth can be used to produce a measure of certainty for the estimated frequency. The algorithm is applicable to multidimensional data and examples of the performance of the method are demonstrated for one-dimensional and two-dimensional signals.< >

关键词： Frequency estimation Bandwidth Signal analysis Fourier transforms Gabor filters computer vision Laboratories Robustness Frequency measurement Multidimensional systems

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On the equivalence of normalized convolution and normalized differential convolution

On the equivalence of normalized convolution and normalized ...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： C.-F. Westin K. Nordberg H. Knutsson Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Vision Laboratory Linköping University Linkoping Sweden

This paper establishes an algebraic relation between two methods recently reported; normalized convolution and normalized differential convolution. These are general methods for filtering incomplete or uncertain data and are based on the separation of both data and operator into a signal part and a certainty part. General filtering can be performed without preprocessing input data with an interpolation step. The methods allow both data and operators to be scalars, vectors or tensors of higher order. Normalized differential convolution has been used in a wide range of applications. Examples are estimation of gradient estimation in irregularly sampled data, estimation of differential invariants in sparse image flow fields and image edge effect reduction. It was previously shown that normalized convolution produces a description of the neighbourhood which is optimal in a least square sense. The algebraic relation to normalized differential convolution presented in this paper proves that the latter method is also optimal in the same sense as well.< >

关键词： Convolution Tensile stress Filtering Interpolation Sampling methods computer vision Laboratories Data preprocessing Least squares methods image edge detection

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Limit cycles and asymptotic stability of delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems implemented in fixed-point arithmetic

Limit cycles and asymptotic stability of delta-operator form...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： K. Premaratne P.H. Bauer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Image and Signal Analysis University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

This paper analyzes the problem of global asymptotic stability of delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems implemented in fixed-point arithmetic. It is shown that the free response of such a system tends to produce period one limit cycles if conventional quantization arithmetic schemes are used. Explicit necessary conditions for global asymptotic stability are derived, and these demonstrate that, in almost all cases, fixed-point arithmetic does not allow for global asymptotic stability in delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems that use a short sampling time.< >

关键词： Limit-cycles Asymptotic stability Quantization Fixed-point arithmetic Sampling methods Floating-point arithmetic Laboratories Signal analysis Bandwidth Feedback

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Fixed-point implementation of multi-dimensional delta-operator formulated discrete-time systems: difficulties in convergence

Fixed-point implementation of multi-dimensional delta-operat...

引用

IEEE Southeastcon

作者： P.H. Bauer K. Premaratne Department of Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Image and Signal Analysis University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA

The convergence properties of linearly stable multi-dimensional systems are investigated for the case of delta-operator implementations in fixed-point format. It is shown that zero-convergence is almost never achieved, if the sampling time is small. Using a one-dimensional analysis, it is demonstrated that zero-convergence cannot be guaranteed along the axis of the first hyper-quadrant for a first hyper-quadrant causal system. This limits the use of delta-operators for solving partial differential equations in discrete time with fixed-point arithmetic.< >

关键词： Quantization Convergence Multidimensional systems Differential equations Nonlinear equations Signal analysis Digital signal processing Asymptotic stability Laboratories image sampling

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Velocity tuned generalized Sobel operators for multiresolution computation of optical flow

Velocity tuned generalized Sobel operators for multiresoluti...

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IEEE International Conference on image Processing

作者： M. Gokstorp P.-E. Danielsson Image Processing Laboratory Computer Engineering Division Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Sweden

Optical flow computation may be divided into four processing steps where the first is extraction of image features suitable for flow estimation. Using a generalization of the basic flow constraint it is possible to estimate flow vectors from a set of feature images obtained from the input image sequence. Generalized Sobel operators provide a suitable set of feature extraction operators. The set of five filters up to second order provides good approximations of ideal edge and line detectors. A review of spatial and frequency constraints on optical flow suggests a multiresolution approach to optical flow where the initial feature extractors consists of velocity tuned operators. We show that two-dimensional generalized Sobel operators may be extended to spatio-temporal velocity tuned filters for optical flow estimation. Experimental results compare well to existing methods.< >

关键词： Optical computing image motion analysis Optical filters Band pass filters Gabor filters Feature extraction Spatial resolution Frequency Equations image edge detection

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Medium level scene representation using a VLSI smart hexagonal sensor with multiresolution edge extraction capability and scale space integration processing

Medium level scene representation using a VLSI smart hexagon...

引用

IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Tremblay Savard Poussart Computer Vision and Digital Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Laval University QUE Canada

This paper presents a sensing approach where photo-transduction, multi-resolution feature extraction, scale-space integration and edge tracking are performed on a mixed (digital-analog) VLSI architecture in order to generate medium-level scene description. The proposed system is mainly targeted for robot vision applications where feature description is preferred to a set of raw or raster 2D images and edge maps. The Multiport Access photo-Receptor (MAR) is a CMOS sensor and represents the main sensory part of this integrated image acquisition system. VLSI also provides means to integrate analog computing, digital controller and DSP co-processor modules which define a powerful sensory chip set for focal plane image processing. A current version of the MAR sensor which implements 256/spl times/256 pixels includes 16 analog spatial filters which simultaneously compute multiresolution edge maps. This unique 2D hexagonal smart sensor approach which performs up to 8.5/spl times/10/sup 9/ arithmetic Op/sec during the acquisition/filtering phase and 25/spl times/10/sup 9/ Logical Op/sec for scale-space integration allows high resolution image capability. It represents a significant improvement for passive sensory units in a compact assembly for computer vision applications.< >

关键词： Very-large-scale integration image edge analysis Feature extraction Robots, vision systems Spatial filters CMOS integrated circuits image sensors

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Registration of multiple range views for automatic 3-D model building

Registration of multiple range views for automatic 3-D model...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Gagnon Soucy Bergevin Laurendeau Computer Vision and Digital Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Laval University QUE Canada

Building integrated models of existing 3-D objects is a key requirement for both reverse engineering and object recognition systems. An automatic 3-D model builder goes through three main steps: i) surface sampling from many views, ii) registration of the sampled views, and iii) integration of the registered views. The accuracy obtained depends on the acquisition and registration errors. The latter is critical since a misalignment of the range views causes their noise distributions to be centered around different means, which makes it difficult to reduce the effect of the acquisition error by simple averaging. In this paper, we propose a general algorithm that reduces significantly the level of the registration errors between all pairs in a set of range views. This algorithm refines initial estimates of the transformation matrices obtained from the calibrated acquisition setup. It considers the network of views as a whole and minimizes the registration errors of all views simultaneously. This leads to a well-balanced network of views in which the registration errors are equally distributed. Experimental results show an improvement of both the calibrated registrations and integrated models.< >

关键词： image registration image sampling Object recognition

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Maximum likelihood parameter estimation for non-Gaussian prior signal models

Maximum likelihood parameter estimation for non-Gaussian pri...

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IEEE International Conference on image Processing

作者： R.R. Schultz R.L. Stevenson A. Lumsdaine Laboratory for Image and Signal Analysis Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA

For signals containing discontinuities, the usual assumptions of Gauss-Markov distributed signal sources do not hold. To preserve edges, non-Gaussian prior models have been developed for use in Bayesian restoration. These models are generally dependent upon two parameters, one controlling the size of reconstructed discontinuities, and the other controlling data smoothing. The authors propose a maximum likelihood technique for automatically estimating these parameters, resulting in the optimization of an expression dependent upon the prior model partition function. An exact expression is derived for the 1D signal model partition function, while an approximation is proposed for the 2D image model partition function. Parameters estimated from degraded signals result in high quality restorations.< >

关键词： Maximum likelihood estimation Parameter estimation image restoration Signal restoration Automatic control Size control Gaussian distribution Bayesian methods image reconstruction Smoothing methods

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Parallel D-eigenvalues and parallel D-eigenvectors for linear time-varying systems

Parallel D-eigenvalues and parallel D-eigenvectors for linea...

引用

Southeastern Symposium on System Theory

作者： J.J. Zhu Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Remote Sensing and Image Processing Laboratory Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

Singular behavior of PD-eigenvalues of an nth-order scalar polynomial differential operator (SPDO) /spl Dscrsub /spl alpha=/spl deltasup n/+/spl Sigmasub k=1sup nspl alphasub k/(t)/spl deltasup k/spl minus/1/, where /spl delta/=d/dt, is investigated. Main results of this paper include: (i) definition and properties of PD-eigenvectors associated with PD-eigenvalues, (ii) definitions and properties of generalized PD-eigenvectors and generalized PD-eigenvalues for singular PD-eigenvalues; (iii) application of (i) and (ii) in stability analysis of linear time-varying (LTV) systems /spl Dscrsub /spl alpha/spl lcub/y/spl rcub/=0, and (iv) application (i) and (ii) in the realization of PD-characteristic equation. The new results will have a significant impact on applications of the unified eigenvalue theory to the analysis and control of LTV control systems, and its further development.< >

关键词： Time varying systems Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Control systems Polynomials Stability analysis Control system analysis Riccati equations Remote sensing image processing Laboratories

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