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Applications of Artificial Intelligence I 1984

作者： Trivedi, Mohan M. Harlow, Charles A. Remote Sensing and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States

Accurate and reliable detection of unique objects is an important component of an image understanding system. The objects are considered to have a unique pattern and should be recognized based upon their own characteristics. An object detection approach applicable to the high resolution aerial images is developed in the paper. The methodologies incorporate features such as minimal sensitivity to the backgrounds on which objects may appear, ability to detect objects appearing in arbitrary orientations, and use of a unified set of operators to analyze various levels of details. Specifically the gray level cooccurrence matrix is used to provide the early vision operators. Results of several experiments show the promise for the prpposed methods. © 1984 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Radon transform theory for random fields and optimum image reconstruction from noisy projections

Radon transform theory for random fields and optimum image r...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： A. Jain S. Ansari Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA

In this paper we present some new results on Radon transform theory for stationary random fields. In particular we present a new projection theorem which gives the relation between the power spectrum density of one dimensional projections of a stationary random field and its two dimensional power spectrum density. This result yields the optimum mean square reconstruction filter from noisy projections and is useful in other problems such as multidimensional spectral estimation from one dimensional projections, noise analysis in computed tomography, etc. Example are given to demonstrate the usefulness of these results.

关键词： image reconstruction Filters Frequency response Computed tomography Fourier transforms Convolution Stochastic processes Signal processing image processing Laboratories

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Application of a simple hearing model to the design of audio filters

Application of a simple hearing model to the design of audio...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： M. Ready V. Algazi Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA

Filtering audio signals with filters designed exclusively from frequency domain specifications may result in an audible distortion in the vicinity of sharp amplitude transitions. This paper considers the application of known psychoacoustical properties to the design of digital audio filters which minimizes this distortion while approximating some ideal frequency domain characteristics. Psychoacoustic properties and a simple model for hearing are reviewed. A weighted least squares design criteria based on the model and frequency domain specifications is given. Examples of FIR and IIR filters are given and compared to classical frequency domain filters.

关键词： Auditory system Finite impulse response filter Frequency domain analysis Psychoacoustic models IIR filters Psychology Filtering Signal design Distortion Digital filters

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FAST ALGORITHMS FOR ESTIMATING LOCAL image PROPERTIES

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computer vision GRAPHICS AND image PROCESSING 1983年第3期21卷 368-382页

作者： BURT, PJ Image Processing Laboratory Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12181

A common task in image analysis is that of measuring image properties within local windows. Often usefulness of these property estimates is determined by characteristics of the windows themselves. Critical factors include the window size and shape, and the contribution the window makes to the cost of computation, A highly efficient procedure for computing property estimates within Gaussian-like windows is described. Estimates are obtained within windows of many sizes simultaneously.

关键词： image PROCESSING

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Convergence analysis of LMS and NLMS adaptive algorithms

Convergence analysis of LMS and NLMS adaptive algorithms

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： T. Hsia Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA

The main contribution of this paper is the unified treatment of convergence analysis for both LMS and NLMS adaptive algorithms. The following new results are obtained: (i) necessary and sufficient conditions of convergence, (ii) optimal adjustment gains and optimal convergence rates, (iii) interrelationship between LMS and NLMS gains, and (iv) non-stationary algorithm design.

关键词： Convergence Algorithm design and analysis Least squares approximation Adaptive algorithm Recursive estimation Adaptive filters Random processes Equations Covariance matrix Signal processing

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DETECTION OF OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA BY AUTOMATED TEXTURE analysis

COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND IMAGE PROCESSING

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computer GRAPHICS AND image PROCESSING 1982年第3期20卷 229-243页

作者： TERZOPOULOS, D ZUCKER, SW Computer Vision and Graphics Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada

An automated system for detecting Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), an inheritable disorder of human connective tissue, is described. The approach is one of texture analysis, founded on standard statistical recognition of co-occurrence-based texture descriptors. Our contribution is to show that texture descriptors derived from gray-level co-occurrence matrices can be used in conjunction with descriptors derived from generalized co-occurrence matrices of local image features to increase performance. In fact, for the OI problem, our system demonstrates a level of performance which is significantly better than that of medical specialists.

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CELL TRACKING - A MODELING AND MINIMIZATION APPROACH

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN analysis AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 1982年第3期4卷 277-291页

作者： FERRIE, FP LEVINE, MD ZUCKER, SW Computer Vision and Graphics Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering McGill University Montreal P.Q. Canada SENIOR MEMBER IEEE Computer Vision and Graphics Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering McGill University Montreal P.Q. Canada MEMBER IEEE Computer Vision and Graphics Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering McGill University Montreal P.Q. Canada

This paper presents a model of motion suitable for cell tracking. It includes a representation for cell dynamics enabling it to maintain a correspondence between successive images of cells undergoing morphological changes. This model is based on a minimization problem whose computational solution is similar in form to a Newton-Rhapson iteration. The model is supported by experimental results from an actual tracking problem.

关键词： Tracking Morphology image analysis Motion analysis image motion analysis In vitro Biomedical imaging Councils Decision support systems Author Keywords proliferating cell cultures Cell dynamics cell morphology cell tracking dynamic scene analysis lymphocytes

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THEORETICAL PERFORMANCE OF ENTROPY-ENCODED DPCM

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 1982年第5期30卷 1088-1094页

作者： ALGAZI, VR DEWITTE, JT Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA

In this paper the authors derive simple approximate formulas for the performance of entropy-encoded DPCM for a Gaussian random process and a frequency-weighted mean-square distortion measure. Using these results they compare the performance of DPCM to the information theoretic rate-distortion bound. They study the effect on the performance of DPCM of the spectrum of the input process, the frequency weight in the distortion measure, and the number of prediction coefficients. They also examine briefly the case of achromatic still images using line-by-line and two-dimensional DPCM encoding with intrafield and intraframe information.

关键词： Distortion measurement image coding Rate-distortion Frequency measurement Fast Fourier transforms Random processes Performance analysis Encoding Fourier transforms

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Frame-to-frame coherence and the hidden surface computation: Constraints for a convex world

Frame-to-frame coherence and the hidden surface computation:...

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作者： Hubschman, Harold Zucker, Steven W. Computer Vision and Graphics Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering McGill University MontrealQC Canada

Frame-to-frame coherence is the highly structured relationship that exists between successive frames of certain animation sequences. From the point of view of the hidden surface computation, this implies that parts of the scene will become visible or invisible in a predictable fashion. In this paper the frame-to-frame coherence constraints are identified and characterized for static scenes restricted to stationary, closed, convex, nonintersecting polyhedra. The animation derives from a continuous movement of the viewer. The mathematical analysis of the constraints is geometric and leads to a characterization of the self-occlusion or change of self-occlusion relationship over a single polyhedron, and to a characterization of the occlusion or change of occlusion relationship over two polyhedra. On the basis of these constraints, an algorithm which generates successive frames in an animation sequence is presented. © 1982 ACM.

关键词： Animation

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CONTINUOUS RELAXATION AND LOCAL MAXIMA SELECTION - CONDITIONS FOR EQUIVALENCE

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN analysis AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 1981年第2期3卷 117-127页

作者： ZUCKER, SW LECLERC, YG MOHAMMED, JL MEMBER IEEE Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Vision and Graphics Laboratory McGill University Montreal P.Q. Canada

Relaxation labeling processes are a class of iterative algorithms for using contextual information to reduce local ambiguities. This paper introduces a new perspective toward relaxation-that of considering it as a process for reordering labels attached to nodes in a graph. This new perspective is used to establish the formal equivalence between relaxation and another widely used algorithm, local maxima selection. The equivalence specifies conditions under which a family of cooperative relaxation algorithms, which generalize the well-known ones, decompose into purely local ones. Since these conditions are also sufficient for guaranteeing the convergence of relaxation processes, they serve as stopping criteria. We feel that equivalences such as these are necessary for the proper application of relaxation and maxima selection in complex speech and vision understanding systems.

关键词： computer vision Algorithm design and analysis Labeling Iterative algorithms Convergence Speech Machine vision Wide area networks Histograms computer graphics Author Keywords theory of algorithms computer vision histogram peak selection local computations relaxation

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