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arXiv 2022年

作者： Heidari, Moein Kazerouni, Amirhossein Soltany, Milad Azad, Reza Aghdam, Ehsan Khodapanah Cohen-Adad, Julien Merhof, Dorit School of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Functional Neuroimaging Unit CRIUGM University of Montreal Canada NeuroPoly Lab Institute of Biomedical Engineering Polytechnique Montreal Canada MILA Quebec AI Institute Montreal Canada Faculty of Informatics and Data Science University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS Bremen Germany

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the consensus for medical image segmentation tasks. However, they suffer from the limitation in modeling long-range dependencies and spatial correlations due to the nature of convolution operation. Although transformers were first developed to address this issue, they fail to capture low-level features. In contrast, it is demonstrated that both local and global features are crucial for dense prediction, such as segmenting in challenging contexts. In this paper, we propose HiFormer, a novel method that efficiently bridges a CNN and a transformer for medical image segmentation. Specifically, we design two multi-scale feature representations using the seminal Swin Transformer module and a CNN-based encoder. To secure a fine fusion of global and local features obtained from the two aforementioned representations, we propose a Double-Level Fusion (DLF) module in the skip connection of the encoder-decoder structure. Extensive experiments on various medical image segmentation datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of HiFormer over other CNN-based, transformer-based, and hybrid methods in terms of computational complexity, quantitative and qualitative results. Our code is publicly available at GitHub. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Convolution

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Txt2Img-MHN: Remote Sensing Image Generation from Text Using Modern Hopfield Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Yonghao Yu, Weikang Ghamisi, Pedram Kopp, Michael Hochreiter, Sepp Vienna1030 Austria Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Linköping58183 Sweden Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology Machine Learning Group Freiberg09599 Germany ELLIS Unit Linz and LIT AI Lab Institute for Machine Learning Johannes Kepler University Linz4040 Austria

The synthesis of high-resolution remote sensing images based on text descriptions has great potential in many practical application scenarios. Although deep neural networks have achieved great success in many important remote sensing tasks, generating realistic remote sensing images from text descriptions is still very difficult. To address this challenge, we propose a novel text-to-image modern Hopfield network (Txt2Img-MHN). The main idea of Txt2Img-MHN is to conduct hierarchical prototype learning on both text and image embeddings with modern Hopfield layers. Instead of directly learning concrete but highly diverse text-image joint feature representations for different semantics, Txt2Img-MHN aims to learn the most representative prototypes from text-image embeddings, achieving a coarse-to-fine learning strategy. These learned prototypes can then be utilized to represent more complex semantics in the text-to-image generation task. To better evaluate the realism and semantic consistency of the generated images, we further conduct zero-shot classification on real remote sensing data using the classification model trained on synthesized images. Despite its simplicity, we find that the overall accuracy in the zero-shot classification may serve as a good metric to evaluate the ability to generate an image from text. Extensive experiments on the benchmark remote sensing text-image dataset demonstrate that the proposed Txt2Img-MHN can generate more realistic remote sensing images than existing methods. Code and pre-trained models are available online (https://***/YonghaoXu/Txt2Img-MHN). Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Remote sensing

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The Overlooked Elephant of Object Detection: Open Set

The Overlooked Elephant of Object Detection: Open Set

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of computer vision (WACV)

作者： Akshay Raj Dhamija Manuel Günther Jonathan Ventura Terrance E. Boult Vision and Security Technology Lab University of Colorado Colorado Springs Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering California Polytechnic State University

ISBN: (数字)9781728165530

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165547

Even though object detection is a popular area of research that has found considerable applications in the real world, it has some fundamental aspects that have never been formally discussed and experimented. One of the core aspects of evaluating object detectors has been the ability to avoid false detections. While major datasets like PASCAL VOC or MSCOCO extensively test the detectors on their ability to avoid false positives, they do not differentiate between their closed-set and open-set performance. Despite systems being trained to reject everything other than the classes of interest, unknown objects from the open world end up being incorrectly detected as known objects, often with very high confidence. This paper is the first to formalize the problem of open-set object detection and propose the first open-set object detection protocol. Moreover, the paper provides a new evaluation metric to analyze the performance of some state-of-the-art detectors and discusses their performance differences.

关键词： Detectors Object detection Training Protocols Object recognition Proposals Training data

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A New U-Net Based License Plate Enhancement Model in Night and Day Images 5th

A New U-Net Based License Plate Enhancement Model in Night a...

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5th Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition, ACPR 2019

作者： Chowdhury, Pinaki Nath Shivakumara, Palaiahnakote Raghavendra, Ramachandra Pal, Umapada Lu, Tong Blumenstein, Michael Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata Kolkata India Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering IIK NTNU Gjøvik Norway National Key Lab for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Ultimo Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030414030

A new trend of smart city development opens up many challenges. One such issue is that automatic vehicle driving and detection for toll fee payment in night or limited light environments. This paper presents a new work for enhancing license plates captured in limited or low light conditions such that license plate detection methods can be expanded to detect images at night. Due to the popularity of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in solving complex issues, we explore U-Net-CNN for enhancing contrast of license plate pixels. Since the difference between pixels that represent license plates and pixels that represent background is too due to low light effect, the special property of U-Net that extracts context and symmetric of license plate pixels to separate them from background pixels irrespective of content. This process results in image enhancement. To validate the enhancement results, we use text detection methods and based on text detection results we validate the proposed system. Experimental results on our newly constructed dataset which includes images captured in night/low light/limited light conditions and the benchmark dataset, namely, UCSD, which includes very poor quality and high quality images captured in day, show that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods. In addition, the results on text detection by different methods show that the proposed enhancement is effective and robust for license plate detection. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

关键词： Pixels

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Semi-supervised classification method of SAR images using spectral clustering in contourlet domain 4

Semi-supervised classification method of SAR images using sp...

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2019 4th International Seminar on computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical engineering, ISCME 2019

作者： Jiang, Kaiwen Zhang, Degan Xu, Haixia Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System Tianjin University of Technology Ministry of Education 300384 China Tianjin Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Tianjin Vocational Institute Tianjin300410 China

A new based on Semi-supervised classification theory for SAR images in contourlet domain is proposed, in this paper. Attempting to get better and faster performance, the PSO algorithm (Particle swarm optimization algorithm) and contourlet domain is proposed to instead of traditional k-means algorithm. PSO is used to find the global optimum by performing a global search in the whole solution space. And then, contourlet is applied in front of construct the similarity matrix to extract more effective eigenvalues. In section five, the proposed algorithm got better classification results than the traditional k-means algorithm which is proved by experimental results show that in terms of running time, classification accuracy and Kappa coefficient. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar

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Self-slimmed vision Transformer

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zong, Zhuofan Li, Kunchang Song, Guanglu Wang, Yali Qiao, Yu Leng, Biao Liu, Yu School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China SenseTime Research China ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition SIAT-SenseTime Joint Lab Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China SIAT Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society China Shanghai AI Laboratory China

vision transformers (ViTs) have become the popular structures and outperformed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on various vision tasks. However, such powerful transformers bring a huge computation burden, because of the exhausting token-to-token comparison. The previous works focus on dropping insignificant tokens to reduce the computational cost of ViTs. But when the dropping ratio increases, this hard manner will inevitably discard the vital tokens, which limits its efficiency. To solve the issue, we propose a generic self-slimmed learning approach for vanilla ViTs, namely SiT. Specifically, we first design a novel Token Slimming Module (TSM), which can boost the inference efficiency of ViTs by dynamic token aggregation. As a general method of token hard dropping, our TSM softly integrates redundant tokens into fewer informative ones. It can dynamically zoom visual attention without cutting off discriminative token relations in the images, even with a high slimming ratio. Furthermore, we introduce a concise Feature Recalibration Distillation (FRD) framework, wherein we design a reverse version of TSM (RTSM) to recalibrate the unstructured token in a flexible auto-encoder manner. Due to the similar structure between teacher and student, our FRD can effectively leverage structure knowledge for better convergence. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments to evaluate our SiT. It demonstrates that our method can speed up ViTs by 1.7× with negligible accuracy drop, and even speed up ViTs by 3.6× while maintaining 97% of their performance. Surprisingly, by simply arming LV-ViT with our SiT, we achieve new state-of-the-art performance on ImageNet. Code is available at https://***/Sense-X/SiT. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Distillation

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Multi-lingual Handwriting Recovery Framework based on Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder with Attention model

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Rabhi, Besma Elbaati, Abdelkarim Boubaker, Houcine Pal, Umapada Alimi, Adel M. University of Sfax National Engineering School of Sfax REGIM-Lab.: REsearch Groups in Intelligent Machines LR11ES48 Sfax3038 Tunisia University of Monastir Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Mahdia REGIM-Lab.: REsearch Groups in Intelligent Machines LR11ES48 Mahdia5121 Tunisia Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 B. T. Road Kolkata700108 India Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa

For several decades, the offline handwriting recognition problem has escaped a satisfactory solution. In the field of online recognition, researchers have had more successful performance, but the ability to extract dynamic information from static images has not been well explored yet. In this paper, we introduce a novel multi-lingual word handwriting recovery framework based on a convolutional denoising autoencoder with an attention model for pen up / down, velocity and temporal order recovery. The proposed framework consists of extracting robust features from a handwriting image using a stacked denoising autoencoder and an encoder Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BGRU) model. Then, the obtained vectors are decoded to produce an online script with dynamic characteristics using a BGRU with temporal attention. Evaluation is done on a Latin and Arabic Online and offline handwriting character / word databases and the proposed framework achieves high competitive results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work of its kind. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Recovery

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Automated detection and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: A comprehensive survey

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan Kheradfallah, Hoda Sarkar, Arya Balaji, J. Jothi Theoretical and Experimental Epistemology Lab School of Optometry and Vision Science University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Computer Engineering University of Engineering and Management Kolkata700 156 India Department of Optometry Medical Research Foundation Chennai600 006 India

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world. In the past few years, Artificial intelligence (AI) based approaches have been used to detect and grade DR. Early detection enables appropriate treatment and thus prevents vision loss. Both fundus and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images are used to image the retina. With deep learning / machine-learning-based approaches is possible to extract features from the images and detect the presence of DR. Multiple strategies are implemented to detect and grade the presence of DR using classification, segmentation, and hybrid techniques. This review covers the literature dealing with AI approaches to DR that has been published in the open literature in five-years (2016-2021). In addition, a comprehensive list of available DR datasets is reported. Both the PICO (P-Patient, I-Intervention, C-Control, O-Outcome) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2009 search strategies were employed. We summarize a total of 114 published articles which conformed to the scope of the review. In addition, a list of 43 major datasets is *** Codes J.3, I.4, I.2 © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Optical tomography

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A volumetric change detection framework using UAV oblique photogrammetry - A case study of ultra-high-resolution monitoring of progressive building collapse

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Xu, Ningli Huang, Debao Song, Shuang Ling, Xiao Strasbaugh, Chris Yilmaz, Alper Sezen, Halil Qin, Rongjun Geospatial Data Analytics Lab The Ohio State University Columbus United States Photogrammetric Computer Vision Lab The Ohio State University Columbus United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus United States Translational Data Analytics Institute The Ohio State University Columbus United States Engineering Technology Services The Ohio State University Columbus United States

In this paper, we present a case study that performs an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based fine-scale 3D change detection and monitoring of progressive collapse performance of a building during a demolition event. Multi-temporal oblique photogrammetry images are collected with 3D point clouds generated at different stages of the demolition. The geometric accuracy of the generated point clouds has been evaluated against both airborne and terrestrial LiDAR point clouds, achieving an average distance of 12 cm and 16 cm for roof and façade respectively. We propose a hierarchical volumetric change detection framework that unifies multi-temporal UAV images for pose estimation (free of ground control points), reconstruction, and a coarse-to-fine 3D density change analysis. This work has provided a solution capable of addressing change detection on full 3D time-series datasets where dramatic scene content changes are presented progressively. Our change detection results on the building demolition event have been evaluated against the manually marked ground-truth changes and have achieved an F-1 score varying from 0.78 to 0.92, with consistently high precision (0.92 - 0.99). Volumetric changes through the demolition progress are derived from change detection and have shown to favorably reflect the qualitative and quantitative building demolition progression. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photogrammetry

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Analysis of Automated Clinical Depression Diagnosis in a Chinese Corpus

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Mao, Kaining Wang, Deborah Baofeng Zheng, Tiansheng Jiao, Rongqi Zhu, Yanhui Wu, Bin Qian, Lei Lyu, Wei Chen, Jie Ye, Minjie The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health Zhejiang Wenzhou325000 China Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province Institute of Aging Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Wenzhou China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Wenzhou325000 China

Depression clinical interview corpora are essential for advancing automated depression diagnosis. While previous studies have used written speech material in controlled settings, these materials do not accurately represent spontaneous conversational speech. Additionally, self-reported measures of depression are subject to bias, making the data unreliable for training models for real-world scenarios. This study introduces a new corpus of depression clinical interviews collected directly from a psychiatric hospital, containing 113 recordings with 52 healthy and 61 depressive patients. The subjects were examined using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) in Chinese. Their final diagnosis was based on medical evaluations through a clinical interview conducted by a psychiatry specialist. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and annotated by experienced physicians. This dataset is a valuable resource for automated depression detection research and is expected to advance the field of psychology. Baseline models for detecting and predicting depression presence and level were built, and descriptive statistics of audio and text features were calculated. The decision-making process of the model was also investigated and illustrated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to collect a depression clinical interview corpus in Chinese and train machine learning models to diagnose depression patients. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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