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2025 IEEE SoutheastCon, SoutheastCon 2025

作者： Dulal, Saurav Wen, Yan Liu, Yilu The University of Tennessee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504847

With the deployment of wide-area monitoring systems, power systems can be continuously monitored and analyzed, particularly during unusual events. Frequency fluctuations in the United States (US) interconnected power grid are influenced by various factors, including weather conditions and variability in solar power generation. This paper investigates the impact of the solar eclipse on April 8, 2024, on the frequency stability of the US power grid. Phasor measurement data from multiple interconnections are collected and analyzed. Methods of approximate frequency estimation for each interconnection are employed. The study involves comparing the frequency distribution, probability density, and variance on the eclipse day with those of non-eclipse days. The results provide insight into the grid's response to reduced solar generation and underscore the importance of predictive measures to maintain stability during solar eclipses and similar disruptions. The study shows that the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) experienced a dramatic increase in frequency fluctuations - 198% higher compared to periods without eclipse - highlighting the grid's vulnerability to reduced solar irradiance. Conversely, Eastern Interconnection (EI) demonstrated remarkable stability during the eclipse with minimal frequency fluctuations. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Unique MS Lesion Identification from MRI

Unique MS Lesion Identification from MRI

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Medical Imaging 2025: Image Processing

作者： Rivas, Carlos A. Zhang, Jinwei Wei, Shuwen Remedios, Samuel W. Carass, Aaron Prince, Jerry L. Image Analysis and Communications Laboratory Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Dept. of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685901

Unique identification of multiple sclerosis (MS) white matter lesions (WMLs) is important to help characterize MS progression. WMLs are routinely identified from magnetic resonance images (MRIs) but the resultant total lesion load does not correlate well with EDSS∗;whereas mean unique lesion volume has been shown to correlate with EDSS. Our approach builds on prior work by incorporating Hessian matrix computation from lesion probability maps before using the random walker algorithm to estimate the volume of each unique lesion. Synthetic images demonstrate our ability to accurately count the number of lesions present. The takeaways, are: 1) that our method correctly identifies all lesions including many that are missed by previous methods;2) we can accurately separate confluent lesions;and 3) we can accurately capture the total volume of WMLs in a given probability map. This work will allow new more meaningful analyses to be computed from WMLs in brain MRIs. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Ferrimagnetic resonance

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Covert Communications in Active-IOS Aided Uplink NOMA Systems With Full-Duplex Receiver

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8419-8424页

作者： Kang, Xueyu Qi, Nan Lv, Lu Boulogeorgos, Alexandros-Apostolos A. Tsiftsis, Theodoros A. Liu, Hongwu Shandong Jiaotong University School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Jinan250357 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space Nanjing210016 China Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xi'an710071 China Xidian University School of Telecommunications Engineering Xi'an710071 China University of Western Macedonia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kozani50100 Greece University of Thessaly Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Lamia35100 Greece University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ningbo315100 China

In this paper, an active intelligent omni-surface (A-IOS) is deployed to aid uplink transmissions in a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. In order to shelter the covert signal embedded in the superposition transmissions, a multi-antenna full-duplex (FD) receiver is utilized at the base-station to recover signal in addition to jamming the warden. With the aim of maximizing the covert rate, the FD transmit and receive beamforming, A-IOS refraction and reflection beamforming, NOMA transmit power, and FD jamming power are jointly optimized. To tackle the non-convex covert rate maximization problem subject to the highly coupled system parameters, an alternating optimization algorithm is designed to iteratively solve the decoupled sub-problems of optimizing the system parameters. The optimal solutions for the sub-problems of the NOMA transmit power and FD jamming power optimizations are derived in closed-form. To tackle the rank-one constrained non-convex fractional programming of the A-IOS beamforming and FD beamforming, a penalized Dinkelbach transformation approach is proposed to resort to the optimal solutions via semidefinite programming. Numerical results clarify that the deployment of the A-IOS significantly improves the covert rate compared with the passive-IOS aided uplink NOMA system. It is also found that the proposed scheme provides better covert communication performance with the optimized NOMA transmit power and FD jamming power compared with the benchmark schemes. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Jamming

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La-substituted W-type barium-nickel ferrites for tunable and high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第3期32卷 645-656页

作者： Long Wang Jiurong Liu Shenghui Xie Yanli Deng Zhou Wang Shanyue Hou Shengying Yue Gang Wang Na Wu Zhihui Zeng Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric ResearchSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Army Engineering University of PLA College of Field Engineering Nanjing 210007China Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresSchool of AerospaceXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana 61801USA School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

W-type barium-nickel ferrite(BaNi_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27))is a highly promising material for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption be-cause of its magnetic loss capability for EMW,low cost,large-scale production potential,high-temperature resistance,and excellent chemical ***,the poor dielectric loss of magnetic ferrites hampers their utilization,hindering enhancement in their EMW-absorption *** efficient strategies that improve the EMW-absorption performance of ferrite is highly desired but re-mains ***,an efficient strategy substituting Ba^(2+)with rare earth La^(3+)in W-type ferrite was proposed for the preparation of novel La-substituted ferrites(Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)).The influences of La^(3+)substitution on ferrites’EMW-absorption performance and the dissipative mechanism toward EMW were systematically explored and ***^(3+)efficiently induced lattice defects,enhanced defect-induced polarization,and slightly reduced the ferrites’bandgap,enhancing the dielectric properties of the ***^(3+)also enhanced the ferromagnetic resonance loss and strengthened magnetic *** effects considerably improved the EMW-absorption perform-ance of Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)compared with pure W-type *** x=0.2,the best EMW-absorption performance was achieved with a minimum reflection loss of-55.6 dB and effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 3.44 GHz.

关键词： electromagnetic wave absorption W-type barium ferrite rare earth dielectric

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Contactless Vital Signs Monitoring for Animals

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16789-16796页

作者： Pitafi, Zaid Farooq Song, Yingjian Xie, Zaipeng Brainard, Benjamin Song, Wenzhan University of Georgia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering AthensGA30602 United States Hohai University Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing211100 China University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine AthensGA30602 United States

Monitoring vital signs such as Heart Rate (HR) and Respiratory Rate (RR) is critical for veterinary medicine. The existing contact based systems are difficult to use on animals for longer periods as they may cause movement restriction. Contactless solutions have recently gained more popularity due to their ease-of-use. However, there are very few validated systems for animals. In this study, we propose a contactless vital signs monitoring system, CageDot for animals. Our system provides continuous real-time monitoring of HR and RR during hospitalization. The CageDot is placed under the animal cage and detects the heart vibrations using a geophone sensor. The CageDot also has a signal quality control algorithm to address the problem of obtaining high-quality cardiac data in real-life noisy environments such as hospitals. Compared to the existing works that use controlled environments, this is especially significant. The algorithm includes several steps that include background noise/movement removal, subject movement detection, heartbeat extraction and vital signs estimation. The experimental results on 16 hospitalized dogs and cats show that this system can achieve high accuracy for vital signs monitoring with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 4.71 for Heart Rate (3.8 percent error rate) and 1.28 (8 percent error rate) for Respiratory Rate. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Heart

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Time-varying Mie resonators for real-time manipulation of quantum emitter radiation

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Physical Review B 2025年第12期111卷 125419-125419页

作者： Mohammad Mojtaba Sadafi Achiles Fontana da Mota Hossein Mosallaei Metamaterials Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasilia DF 70910-900 Brazil

Quantum emitters are fundamental to advancing technologies such as secure quantum communication, high-resolution imaging, and quantum computing by enabling on-demand single-photon generation. Precise control over the spectral and radiation characteristics of quantum emitters is crucial for optimizing quantum devices and integrated photonic systems. Nevertheless, traditional designs based on passive materials impose fixed functionality postfabrication, limiting the ability to tune spontaneous emission dynamically. This study introduces time-varying Mie resonators as a dynamic means to achieve real-time control over the spontaneous emission of a quantum source. A theoretical framework combining the time-Floquet method with multipole expansion is developed to model light-matter interactions in time-modulated environments. Our findings reveal that time modulation enables precise control over multipolar resonant modes, compensating for frequency detuning in the quantum emitter's radiation through an optimal feedback strategy. Moreover, we demonstrate that time modulation can facilitate directional control of far-field emission by selectively exciting specific multipoles and manipulating their mutual coupling. We further show that transverse Kerker conditions enhance radiation directionality and that time modulation can convert nonradiating anapole states into radiating modes via symmetry breaking. Our findings provide a comprehensive framework for real-time manipulation of quantum emitter radiation and open up possibilities for unique applications in integrated quantum physics.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Sensitivity of DC Network Representation for GIC Analysis

Sensitivity of DC Network Representation for GIC Analysis

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2025 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference, TPEC 2025

作者： Mishra, Aniruddh Barnes, Arthur K. Tabarez, Jose E. Mate, Adam University of Texas at Austin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AustinTX United States Information Systems and Modeling Group Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541125

Geomagnetic disturbances are a threat to the reliability and security of our national critical energy infrastructures. These events specifically result in geomagnetically induced currents, which can cause damage to transformers due to magnetic saturation. In order to mitigate these effects, blocker devices must be placed in optimal locations. Finding this placement requires a dc representation of the ac transmission lines, which this paper discusses. Different decisions in this process, including the method of representing the blocking devices, result in significant variations to the power loss calculations. To analyze these effects, we conclude the paper by comparing the losses on a sample network with different modeling implementations. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Transformer windings

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Stereolithography 3D printing of an accelerometer embedded nightguard for TMD monitoring 12

Stereolithography 3D printing of an accelerometer embedded n...

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Laser 3D Manufacturing XII 2025

作者： McLaughlin, Elizabeth M. Gerding, Maya Wu, Yongji Xiao, Hai Yao, Hai Department of Bioengineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29631 United States Photonics Technology Laboratory Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University AndersonSC29625 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684560

There are currently no effective take-home jaw motion tracking devices to monitor the symptoms in temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Existing methods consist of bulky lab equipment that lack a standard for TMD diagnosis. These devices are unable to provide critical data that occurs within a patient’s natural day-to-day life which can lead to inadequate management of TMD. This study presents the fabrication techniques explored to create a take-home wearable device capable of detecting jaw movements to aid in remote patient monitoring of TMD symptoms. The nightguard prototypes are 3D modeled using denture model STL files and printed in various dental and biomedical resins on a Form 3B+ stereolithography 3D printer by Formlabs. Embedded accelerometers are used to quantify jaw movements, and a CAD-modeled, 3D-printed denture model is used to simulate these movements. Extensive testing is conducted throughout the fabrication process to ensure accuracy and reliability. This proof-of-concept study aims to establish the feasibility of the device for future clinical trials, where AI integration for data analysis and further optimization of manufacturing methods will be explored to validate the device’s efficacy and user requirements. The potential impact of this device includes improved TMD management through continuous, at-home monitoring, leading to better patient outcomes. Future work will focus on refining the design and expanding the testing to a larger cohort to further validate the device’s performance and reliability. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Stereolithography

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Single plasmonic exceptional point nanoantenna coupled to a photonic integrated circuit sensor

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Photonics Research 2025年第3期13卷 632-641页

作者： KAMYAR BEHROUZI ZHANNI WU LIWEI LIN BOUBACAR KANTE Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center (BSAC) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Point-of-care sensors are pivotal for early disease diagnosis, significantly advancing global health. Surface plasmons, the collective oscillations of free electrons under electromagnetic excitation, have been widely studied for biosensing due to their electromagnetic field enhancements at sub-wavelength scales. We introduce a plasmonic biosensor on a compact photonic integrated circuit (PIC) enhanced by exceptional points (EPs). EPs, singularities in non-Hermitian optical systems, provide extreme sensitivity to external perturbations. They emerge when two or more complex resonating modes merge into a single degenerate mode. We demonstrate an EP in a single coupled nanoantenna particle positioned in a uniquely designed silicon nitride slot-waveguide, which we call a junction-waveguide. By laterally shifting two optically coupled gold nanobars of different lengths, we achieve a single particle EP. The junction-waveguide enables efficient coupling of the plasmonic nanoantenna to the waveguide mode. The system integrates a four-port Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), allowing for simultaneous measurements of the amplitude and phase of EP, facilitating highly accurate real-time eigenvalue extraction. For biosensing, we encapsulated the detection zone with a microchannel, enabling low-volume and simple sample handling. Our single particle integrated EP sensor demonstrates superior sensitivity compared to the corresponding linear diabolic point (DP) system under both local and bulk sensing schemes, even at large perturbations. Our studies revealed that the integrated EP sensor can detect a single molecule captured by the nanobars with the average size ranging from 10 to 100 nm. The proposed EP biosensor, with its extreme sensitivity,compact form, and real-time phase sensing capabilities, provides an approach for detecting and quantifying various biomarkers such as proteins and nucleic acids, offering a unique platform for early disease diagnosis.

关键词： Effective refractive index Field enhancement Optical systems Plasmon waveguides Surface plasmon polaritons Waveguide modes

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Disentangling Spatio-Temporal Knowledge for Weakly Supervised Object Detection and Segmentation in Surgical Video

Disentangling Spatio-Temporal Knowledge for Weakly Supervise...

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2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of computer vision, WACV 2025

作者： Liao, Guiqiu Jogan, Matjaz Koushik, Sai Eaton, Eric Hashimoto, Daniel A. University of Pennsylvania Pcaso Laboratory Department of Surgery United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510831

Weakly supervised video object segmentation (WSVOS) enables the identification of segmentation maps without requiring extensive annotations of object masks, relying instead on coarse video labels indicating object presence. WSVOS in surgical videos is, however, more challenging due to the complex interaction of multiple transient objects, such as surgical tools moving in and out of the surgical field. In this scenario, state-of-the-art WSVOS methods struggle to learn accurate segmentation maps. We address this problem by introducing ViDeo Spatio-Temporal disentanglement Networks (VDST-Net), a framework to disentangle complex spatio-temporal object interactions using semi-decoupled knowledge distillation to predict high-quality class activation maps (CAMs). A teacher network is designed to help a temporal-reasoning student network resolve activation conflicts, as the student leverages temporal dependencies when specifics about object location and timing in the video are not provided. We demonstrate the efficacy of our framework on a challenging surgical video dataset where objects are, on average, present in less than 60% of annotated frames, and compare our method to state-of-the-art methods on surgical data and on a public dataset commonly used to benchmark WSVOS. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques and generates accurate segmentation masks under video-level weak supervision. Our code is available at: https://***/PCASOlab/VDST-net. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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