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2022 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology, eIT 2022

作者： Perez-Vicente, Alejandro Hernandez, David Fang, Tianyang Saniie, Jafar Illinois Institute of Technology Embedded Computing and Signal Processing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research Laboratory ChicagoIL60616 United States Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Etsi Industriales Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781665480093

This research proposes a system that leverages stereo vision and monocular depth estimation to form a depth map from which a 3D point cloud scene is extracted. The emergence of competitive neural networks for depth map estimation presents an opportunity for deployment on embedded systems. Both stereo and monocular depth algorithms were tested on multiple FPGA hardware platforms. To perform acceleration on configurable hardware, a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU) IP was used for processing AI workloads, together with a Pseudo-LiDAR reprojection for 3D reconstruction on the Arm® processor. The DPU performance configuration will depend on the logic resources the targeted board has. This paper highlights the performance, resource utilization, and bottlenecks that came across different tested combinations of both hardware and neural network architectures. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations:concept and application to multichannel holographic recording

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第10期7卷 4-13页

作者： Shujun Zheng Jiaren Tan Hongjie Liu Xiao Lin Yusuke Saita Takanori Nomura Xiaodi Tan Information Photonics Research Center College of Photonic and Electronic EngineeringFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Science and for Medicine of Ministry of EducationFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics TechnologyFujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing ApplicationFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Faculty of Systems Engineering Wakayama University930 SakaedaniWakayama640-8510Japan.

Orthogonal matrices have become a vital means for coding and signal processing owing to their unique distributional *** orthogonal matrices based on amplitude or phase combinations have been extensively explored,the orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations(OMPC)is a novel,relatively unexplored ***,we propose a method for constructing OMPCs of any dimension encompassing 4n(where n is 1,2,4,8,…)mutually orthogonal 2ncomponent polarization *** the field of holography,the integration of polarization multiplexing techniques with polarization-sensitive materials is expected to emerge as a groundbreaking approach for multichannel hologram multiplexing,offering considerable enhancements in data storage capacity and security.A multidimensional OMPC enables the realization of multichannel multiplexing and dynamical modulation of information in polarization holographic *** consolidating all information into a single position within the material,we effectively avoided extraneous crosstalk during the reconstruction *** results show that achieving four distinct holographic images individually and simultaneously depends on the polarization combination represented by the incident *** discovery opens up a new avenue for achieving highly holographic information storage and dynamically displayed information,harnessing the potential of OMPC to expand the heretofore limited dimensionality of orthogonal polarization.

关键词： orthogonal matrix of polarization combinations polarization-modulated multiplexing multichannel recording polarization holography dynamical information modulation

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Assessment of Protection Schemes and their Security under Denial of Service Attacks

Assessment of Protection Schemes and their Security under De...

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International Conference on Environment and electrical engineering (EEEIC)

作者： Kharchouf Ibtissam Mahmoud S. Abdelrahman Abdulmeen Alrashide Osama A. Mohammed Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Energy Systems Research Laboratory Florida International University Miami Fl USA Department of Electrical &#x0026 Computer Engineering Florida International University Miami FL USA

ISBN: (数字)9781665485371

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485388

The widespread use of information and communication technology in today's electrical grid makes it increasingly vulnerable to cyber-attacks resulting in major operational and security issues. The efficiency assessment of cyber threats and their negative impact on the system is important but challenging to detect, mitigate, or prevent. Conducting such evaluation on real systems infrastructure is impractical or even impossible. In this paper, we discuss the capabilities that we have in our laboratory facilities at the FIU's smart grid testbed research facility. The testbed was built as an integrated hardware-based AC/DC system where the hardware, software, and communication-based technology can be used to envision a complete Cyber-Physical smart grid framework. Our focus is on the substation automation system where we discuss the IEC 61850 security vulnerabilities and further assess the effect of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on the physical system. The DoS is being performed in two forms flooding attack and GOOSE poisoning attack. A case study of a transmission line fault of the proposed protection scheme is being conducted. Comparison and evaluation of the impact of DoS cyber-attacks on the physical system are discussed. The experimental results showed the impact of DoS attacks on the protection scheme's dependability and security, where the need to develop detection and mitigation techniques to overcome the IEC 61850 vulnerabilities.

关键词： Power transmission lines Substation automation Software Hardware Real-time systems Smart grids Information and communication technology

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Decision Transformers for Wireless Communications: A New Paradigm of Resource Management

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Jie Li, Jun Wang, Zhe Shi, Long Jin, Shi Chen, Wen Poor, H. Vincent School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University United States

As the next generation of mobile systems evolves, artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to deeply integrate with wireless communications for resource management in variable environments. In particular, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is an important tool for addressing stochastic optimization issues of resource allocation. However, DRL has to start each new training process from the beginning once the state and action spaces change, causing low sample efficiency and poor generalization ability. Moreover, each DRL training process may take a large number of epochs to converge, which is unacceptable for time-sensitive scenarios. In this paper, we adopt an alternative AI technology, namely, Decision Transformer (DT), and propose a DT-based adaptive decision architecture for wireless resource management. This architecture innovates through constructing pre-trained models in the cloud and then fine-tuning personalized models at the edges. By leveraging the power of DT models learned over offline datasets, the proposed architecture is expected to achieve rapid convergence with many fewer training epochs and higher performance in new scenarios with different state and action spaces, compared with DRL. We then design DT frameworks for two typical communication scenarios: intelligent reflecting surfaces-aided communications and unmanned aerial vehicle-aided mobile edge computing. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed DT frameworks achieve over 3-6 times speedup in convergence and better performance relative to the classic DRL method, namely, proximal policy optimization. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Proactive Frequency Stability Scheme via Bayesian Filters and Synchrophasors

Proactive Frequency Stability Scheme via Bayesian Filters an...

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IEEE Kansas Power and Energy Conference

作者： Gian Paramo Arturo Bretas Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Distributed Systems Group Pacifc Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA

Underfrequency load shedding (UFLS) schemes are traditionally implemented in two ways. One approach is based on manual load shedding implemented by system operators. The second approach is automatic load shedding, implemented through underfrequency relays. The main limitation of traditional load shedding schemes is that they are reactive and leave little room for optimized corrective actions. This work presents a proactive and automatic underfrequency load shedding framework for power systems. Measurements are captured via phasor measurement units (PMUs) at relatively low rates of 30 fps. These measurements are then processed by a particle filter which predicts the future state of frequency. Based on these predictions excess loading is determined and shed. Comparative case studies are performed via simulations. Easy-to-implement models, without hard-to-derive parameters, highlight the potential for real-life implementation.

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Non-Intrusive Speech Quality Assessment: A Survey

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Shen, Kailai Yan, Diqun Hu, Jing Ye, Zhe Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Mobile Network Application Technology Ningbo China

Speech quality is a critical consideration for applications such as speech enhancement, coding, transmission, and synthesis. Accurately evaluating the quality of degraded speech without a reference is particularly challenging. As a result, non-intrusive speech quality assessment has been extensively researched due to its efficiency and ease of deployment. This survey comprehensively reviews these studies. Commonly used speech quality assessment databases are reviewed, as they serve as validation sets for objective metrics. Non-intrusive speech quality assessment methods are categorized and reviewed, and the performance of state-of-the-art and classical speech quality methods is compared. The survey presents an overview of classic algorithms and recent advancements in the field of non-intrusive speech quality assessment. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Speech enhancement

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Graph Neural Networks for Decentralized Multi-Agent Perimeter Defense

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lee, Elijah S. Zhou, Lifeng Ribeiro, Alejandro Kumar, Vijay GRASP Laboratory University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA United States

In this work, we study the problem of decentralized multi-agent perimeter defense that asks for computing actions for defenders with local perceptions and communications to maximize the capture of intruders. One major challenge for practical implementations is to make perimeter defense strategies scalable for large-scale problem instances. To this end, we leverage graph neural networks (GNNs) to develop an imitation learning framework that learns a mapping from defenders’ local perceptions and their communication graph to their actions. The proposed GNN-based learning network is trained by imitating a centralized expert algorithm such that the learned actions are close to that generated by the expert algorithm. We demonstrate that our proposed network performs closer to the expert algorithm and is superior to other baseline algorithms by capturing more intruders. Our GNN-based network is trained at a small scale and can be generalized to large-scale cases. We run perimeter defense games in scenarios with different team sizes and configurations to demonstrate the performance of the learned network. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Port-controllable routing of orbital angular momentum modes using a rotatable diffractive neural network

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第6期68卷 154-163页

作者： Junmin Liu Jiafu Chen Qingji Zeng Zemin Liang Xinping Wu Xin Zhao Jiangnan Xiao Huapeng Ye Ze Dong Dianyuan Fan Shuqing Chen Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical SystemTerahertz Science Cooperative Innovation CenterSchool of Optical-Electrical Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology&Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Orbital angular momentum(OAM)modes provide an additional orthogonal physical dimension,offering transformative potential for enhancing optical communication *** significant progress in mode multiplexing,the development of robust communication networks faces persistent challenges,particularly in effectively routing and controlling these multiplexed channels among network *** tackle these dilemmas,we propose a rotatable diffractive neural network(R-DNN)strategy and demonstrate its capability for port-controllable OAM mode *** leveraging the correlation between the orthogonal evolution of OAM modes in free space and phase modulations during propagation,the R-DNN precisely shapes the spatial evolution of mode fields through multiple rotatable phase layers,enabling efficient routing to specific output *** approach exploits the interaction of secondary wavelets with the relative states of the rotatable layers,allowing on-demand control of mode evolution paths and enhancing routing *** a proof of concept,we developed a tri-functional router that successfully directs three OAM modes to individually controllable output *** router achieves an average intermode crosstalk of less than−16.4 dB across three functional states,one-dimensional,two-dimensional,and cross-connected switching,while supporting the routing of 5.85 Tbit/s quadrature phase-shift keying *** results highlight the R-DNN’s effectiveness in achieving precise and controllable OAM mode manipulation,paving the way for advanced applications in mode-multiplexed communication networks and beyond.

关键词： orbital angular momentum mode mode routing diffractive neural network

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Distributionally Robust Mining for Proof-of-Work Blockchain under Resource Uncertainties

Distributionally Robust Mining for Proof-of-Work Blockchain ...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Xunqiang Lan Xiao Tang Ruonan Zhang Bin Li Daosen Zhai Wensheng Lin Zhu Han School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Chengdu China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

In blockchain systems characterized by computation competition, allocating computation resources is of paramount significance for the economic benefits of nodes. Besides, uncer-tainties of computation resources also affect the node's profits. In this paper, we address the computation resource allocation issue within a proof-of-work (PoW) blockchain system without exact information on the available resources, which impedes the direct investigation of the maximum mining profit. Correspondingly, we establish the chance-constrained threshold for maximum achievable profit through the blockchain in an uncertain environment and maximize this threshold under a given outage probability. Particularly, the uncertain computation resource is modeled only with its first and second statistics, which lack the exact distribution information. In this respect, we propose the distributionally robust approach to tackle the chance-constrained resource allocation strategy, which guarantees the intended profit threshold regardless of the actual distribution. We show that the considered problem admits a conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) approximation reformulation, which can be handled by alternately optimizing the resource allocation strategy and the profit threshold. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed design is robust against the uncertainty distribution, and effectively guarantees the profits of miners.

关键词： Economics Uncertainty Simulation Computational modeling Proof of Work Robustness Blockchains

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A New Unusual Bundle and Phase Arrangement For Transmission Line To Achieve Higher Natural Power

A New Unusual Bundle and Phase Arrangement For Transmission ...

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Annual North-American Power Symposium

作者： Mushfiqul Abedin Khan Mona Ghassemi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Zero Emission Realization of Optimized Energy Systems (ZEROES) Laboratory The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA

In conventional lines, subconductors are located symmetrically on an identical circle in each phase. The number of subconductors in a bundle, the radius of the bundle circle, and the radius of each subconductor, are chosen so that the maximum electric field strength on the sub conductors, $E_{max}$ , is limited to the permissible field strength on the conductor surface, $E_{p r},\left(E_{max } \leq\right. E_{pr})$ , which is determined by the corona discharge limitation requirement. In this paper, we show that by shifting phase configurations and subconductors into unusual/unconventional arrangements that are geometrically optimized within the space, high power density designs can be achieved. A novel bundle and phase arrangement of a 500 kV transmission line is presented in this paper, resulting in higher natural power than conventional design.

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