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A New Partial Task Offloading Method in a Cooperation Mode under Multi-Constraints for Multi-UE

computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 2879-2900页

作者： Shengyao Sun Ying Du Jiajun Chen Xuan Zhang Jiwei Zhang Yiyi Xu School of Information Science and Technology Zhengzhou Normal UniversityZhengzhou450044China Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Henan UniversityKaifeng475004China School of Geography and Tourism Zhengzhou Normal UniversityZhengzhou450044China Science and Engineering College South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Luohe Vocational Technology CollegeLuohe462002China School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Cardiff School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF103XQ 15UK

In Multi-access Edge Computing(MEC),to deal with multiple user equipment(UE)’s task offloading problem of parallel relationships under the multi-constraints,this paper proposes a cooperation partial task offloading method(named CPMM),aiming to reduce UE’s energy and computation consumption,while meeting the task completion delay as much as *** first studies the task offloading of single-UE and then considers the task offloading ofmulti-UE based on single-UE task *** the critical path algorithmto divide the modules into key and non-key *** to some constraints of UE-self when offloading tasks,it gives priority to non-key modules for offloading and uses the evaluation decision method to select some appropriate key modules for *** on fully considering the competition between multiple UEs for communication resources and MEC service resources,CPMM uses the weighted queuing method to alleviate the competition for communication resources and uses the branch decision algorithm to determine the location of module offloading by BS according to the MEC servers’*** achieves its goal by selecting reasonable modules to offload and using the cooperation ofUE,MEC,andCloudCenter to determine the execution location of *** experiments demonstrate that CPMM obtains superior performances in task computation consumption reducing around 6%on average,task completion delay reducing around 5%on average,and better task execution success rate than other similar methods.

关键词： MEC partial task offloading parallel dependencies completion delay

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Tuning Quantum Computing Privacy through Quantum Error Correction

Tuning Quantum Computing Privacy through Quantum Error Corre...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Hui Zhong Keyi Ju Manojna Sistla Xinyue Zhang Aohan Li Xiaoqi Qin Xin Fu Miao Pan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State University Marietta GA Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

Quantum computing is a promising paradigm for efficiently solving large and high-complexity problems. However, ensuring privacy within this quantum computing necessitates innovative approaches. Existing research has introduced the concept of quantum differential privacy (QDP) to protect data privacy in quantum computing by leveraging quantum noise. Yet, this method faces limitations due to the fixed and uncontrollable nature of the inherent noise, which directly affects the privacy budget of QDP. Addressing this critical gap, our study proposes a novel approach that utilizes quantum error correction (QEC) techniques not only to mitigate quantum computing errors but also to adjust QDP protection levels precisely. By selectively applying QEC to single or multiple qubit gates, we introduce a method to manipulate the quantum noise error rate effectively. Moreover, we derive a new formula for calculating the overall error rate in a quantum circuit and the adjusted privacy budget after QEC operation. Through extensive numerical simulations, we validate the efficacy of utilizing QEC in tuning privacy protection levels within quantum computing.

关键词： Privacy Differential privacy Quantum computing Error analysis Noise Qubit Error correction Protection Quantum circuit Tuning

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NTIRE 2023 Image Shadow Removal Challenge Report

NTIRE 2023 Image Shadow Removal Challenge Report

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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Vasluianu, Florin-Alexandru Seizinger, Tim Timofte, Radu Cui, Shuhao Huang, Junshi Tian, Shuman Fan, Mingyuan Zhang, Jiaqi Zhu, Li Wei, Xiaoming Wei, Xiaolin Luo, Ziwei Gustafsson, Fredrik K. Zhao, Zheng Sjölund, Jens Schön, Thomas B. Dong, Xiaoyi Zhang, Xi Sheryl Li, Chenghua Leng, Cong Yeo, Woon-Ha Oh, Wang-Taek Lee, Yeo-Reum Ryu, Han-Cheol Luo, Jinting Jiang, Chengzhi Han, Mingyan Wu, Qi Lin, Wenjie Yu, Lei Li, Xinpeng Jiang, Ting Fan, Haoqiang Liu, Shuaicheng Xu, Shuning Song, Binbin Chen, Xiangyu Zhang, Shile Zhou, Jiantao Zhang, Zhao Zhao, Suiyi Zheng, Huan Gao, Yangcheng Wei, Yanyan Wang, Bo Ren, Jiahuan Luo, Yan Kondo, Yuki Miyata, Riku Yasue, Fuma Naruki, Taito Ukita, Norimichi Chang, Hua-En Yang, Hao-Hsiang Chen, Yi-Chung Chiang, Yuan-Chun Huang, Zhi-Kai Chen, Wei-Ting Chen, I-Hsiang Hsieh, Chia-Hsuan Kuo, Sy-Yen Xianwei, Li Fu, Huiyuan Liu, Chunlin Ma, Huadong Fu, Binglan He, Huiming Wang, Mengjia She, Wenxuan Liu, Yu Nathan, Sabari Kansal, Priya Zhang, Zhongjian Yang, Huabin Wang, Yan Zhang, Yanru Phutke, Shruti S. Kulkarni, Ashutosh Khan, Md Raqib Murala, Subrahmanyam Vipparthi, Santosh Kumar Ye, Heng Liu, Zixi Yang, Xingyi Liu, Songhua Wu, Yinwei Jing, Yongcheng Yu, Qianhao Zheng, Naishan Huang, Jie Long, Yuhang Yao, Mingde Zhao, Feng Zhao, Bowen Ye, Nan Shen, Ning Cao, Yanpeng Xiong, Tong Xia, Weiran Li, Dingwen Xia, Shuchen Computer Vision Lab Ifi Caidas University of Würzburg Germany Computer Vision Lab Eth Zürich Switzerland Meituan Group China Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Sweden Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Nanjing China Maicro Nanjing China Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence Sahmyook University Seoul Korea Republic of Megvii Technology China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China University of Macau China China Toyota Technological Institute Japan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan ServiceNow United States Beijing University of Post and Teleconmunication Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education China Couger Inc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Lab Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab Rupnagar India Research Institute Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Research Institute Singapore University of Sydney Australia Brain-Inspired Vision Laboratory Information Science and Technology Institution University of Science and Technology of China China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China South China University of Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

This work reviews the results of the NTIRE 2023 Challenge on Image Shadow Removal. The described set of solutions were proposed for a novel dataset, which captures a wide range of object-light interactions. It consists of 1200 roughly pixel aligned pairs of real shadow free and shadow affected images, captured in a controlled environment. The data was captured in a white-box setup, using professional equipment for lights and data acquisition sensors. The challenge had a number of 144 participants registered, out of which 19 teams were compared in the final ranking. The proposed solutions extend the work on shadow removal, improving over the performance level describing state-of-the-art methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Data acquisition

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Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklength Probabilistic Shaping: A Comparison for Multilevel Coding Approach

Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklengt...

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Asia Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition (ACP)

作者： Yajie Sheng Bin Chen Yi Lei Jingxin Deng Jiwei Xu Mengfan Fu Qunbi Zhuge Shen Li Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Department of Electronic Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Centre of Optics Photonics and Lasers (COPL) Université Laval Québec Canada

Performance of concatenated multilevel coding with probabilistic shaping (PS) and Voronoi constellations (VCs) is analysed over AWGN channel. Numerical results show that VCs provide up to 1.3 dB SNR gains over PS-QAM ... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350379266

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379273

关键词： AWGN channels Wireless communication Optical fibers Probabilistic logic Optical fiber communication Encoding Complexity theory Gain Photonics Signal to noise ratio

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Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Optimal Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves From Likelihood Ratio Observations

Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Optimal Receiver Operating ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Bruce Hajek Xiaohan Kang Electrical and Computer Engineering and Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana&#x2013 Champaign Urbana Illinois

ISBN: (数字)9781665421591

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421607

The optimal receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, giving the maximum probability of detection as a function of the probability of false alarm, is a key information-theoretic indicator of the difficulty of a binary hypothesis testing problem (BHT). It is well known that the optimal ROC curve for a given BHT, corresponding to the likelihood ratio test, is theoretically determined by the probability distribution of the observed data under each of the two hypotheses. In some cases, these two distributions may be unknown or computationally intractable, but independent samples of the likelihood ratio can be observed. This raises the problem of estimating the optimal ROC for a BHT from such samples. The maximum likelihood estimator of the optimal ROC curve is derived, and it is shown to converge to the true optimal ROC curve in the Lévy metric, as the number of observations tends to infinity. A classical empirical estimator, based on estimating the two types of error probabilities from two separate sets of samples, is also considered. The maximum likelihood estimator is observed in simulation experiments to be considerably more accurate than the empirical estimator, especially when the number of samples obtained under one of the two hypotheses is small. The area under the maximum likelihood estimator is derived; it is a consistent estimator of the true area under the optimal ROC curve.

关键词： Measurement Maximum likelihood estimation Maximum likelihood detection Error probability Receivers Probability distribution Testing

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Accelerated Saddle Flow Dynamics for Bilinearly Coupled Minimax Problems

Accelerated Saddle Flow Dynamics for Bilinearly Coupled Mini...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Yingzhu Liu Enrique Mallada Zhongkui Li Pengcheng You College of Engineering Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

Minimax problems have attracted much attention due to various applications in constrained optimization problems and zero-sum games. Identifying saddle points within these problems is crucial, and saddle flow dynamics offer a straightforward yet useful approach. This study focuses on a class of bilinearly coupled minimax problems with strongly convex-linear objective functions. We design an accelerated algorithm based on saddle flow dynamics, achieving a convergence rate beyond the stereotype limit (the strong convexity constant). The algorithm is derived from a sequential two-step transformation of a given objective function. First, a change of variables is applied to render the objective function better-conditioned, introducing strong concavity (from linearity) while preserving strong convexity. Second, proximal regularization, when staggered with the first step, further enhances the strong convexity of the objective function by shifting some of the obtained strong concavity. After these transformations, saddle flow dynamics based on the new objective function can be tuned for accelerated exponential convergence. Besides, such an approach can be extended to weakly convex-weakly concave functions and still guarantees exponential convergence to one stationary point. The theory is verified by a numerical test on an affine equality-constrained convex optimization problem.

关键词： Couplings Heuristic algorithms Linearity Games Linear programming Convex functions Game theory Optimization Convergence

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Two-Stage Representation Refinement Based on Convex Combination for 3-D Human Poses Estimation

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第12期5卷 6500-6508页

作者： Chen, Luefeng Cao, Wei Zheng, Biao Wu, Min Pedrycz, Witold Hirota, Kaoru China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Macau University of Science and Technology Institute of Systems Engineering Taipa999078 China Istinye University Research Center of Performance and Productivity Analysis Istanbul34010 Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama226-8502 Japan

In the human pose estimation task, on the one hand, 3-D pose always has difficulty in dividing different 2-D poses if the view is limited;on the other hand, it is hard to reduce the lifting ambiguity because of the lack of depth information, it is an important and challenging problem. Therefore, two-stage representation refinement based on the convex combination for 3-D human pose estimation is proposed, in which the two-stage method includes a dense-spatial-temporal convolutional network and a local-to-refine network. The former is applied to determine the features between each video frame;the latter is used to get the different scales of pose details. It aims to address the difficulty of estimating 3-D human pose from 2-D image sequences. In such a way, it can better use the relations between every frame in the sequence of the pose video to produce more accurate results. Finally, we combine the above network with a block called convex combination to help refine the 3-D pose location. We test the proposed approach on both Human3.6m and MPII datasets. The result confirms that our method can achieve better performance than improved CNN supervision, a simple yet effective baseline, and coarse-to-fine volumetric prediction. Besides, a robustness test experiment is carried out for the proposed method while the input is interrupted. The result verifies that our method shows better robustness. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Stochastic model of noise for a quantum thermal transistor

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Physical Review B 2023年第23期108卷 235421-235421页

作者： Uthpala N. Ekanayake Sarath D. Gunapala Malin Premaratne Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AχL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91109 USA

Our focus in this investigation lies in developing a noise model for a quantum thermal transistor model inspired by its electronic counterpart, with the primary aim of establishing a platform for constructing analogous models. Previous studies on coupled two-level systems-based thermal transistors were focused on their average energy exchange. In this paper, we shift our attention to exploring the stochastic behavior of such thermal transistors due to the disturbances caused to their environment, such as continuous measurements. In the literature, the master equation for the transistor model is derived using the reduced dynamics method. This way, it masks the study of the stochastic nature of the energy flows in the system due to disturbances to the environment. In this paper, we describe a quantum trajectory under measurement theory whose ensemble average unravels the master equation for a quantum thermal transistor. This allows us to analyze the fluctuations and noise levels in the transistor model with greater detail. Then, we produce a numerical solution for the transistor dynamics based on Euler-Maruyama approximation. This helps to establish a model for the thermal transistor, drawing parallels to the small-signal/noise model in an electronic transistor. We define two parameters, thermal conductance and output thermal resistance, to describe the small signal-like model for the thermal transistor. Through these investigations, we seek to gain insights that can help design advanced heat management devices at the quantum level.

关键词： Open quantum systems Quantum gates Thermal properties Nanotechnology Transistors

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AC Network-Constrained Unit Commitment via Relaxation and Decomposition

AC Network-Constrained Unit Commitment via Relaxation and De...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Gonzalo Constante Antonio Conejo Feng Qiu Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory

ISBN: (数字)9781665408233

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408240

We propose an approach to solving the AC network-constrained unit commitment problem (AC-NCUC) of large-scale power systems. This approach relies on solving convex (continuous and mixed-integer) optimization problems. First, we formulate a second-order conic relaxation of the original optimization problem, which renders a mixed-integer second-order conic optimization problem. To solve this problem, we use Benders' decomposition, which decomposes it into a master problem, which is mixed-integer linear, and a subproblem, which is continuous and second-order conic. To improve the convergence of the Benders' algorithm, we add several linear feasibility constraints to the master problem. Since the second-order relaxation of the original problem cannot guarantee AC feasibility of the solution found, we ensure such feasibility by solving a sequence of continuous convex optimization problems. We numerically validate the proposed approach using a Texas 2000-bus system.

关键词： Convex functions Power systems Optimization Convergence

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Frequency Domain-Based Detection of Generated Audio

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bartusiak, Emily R. Delp, Edward J. VIPER Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States

Attackers may manipulate audio with the intent of presenting falsified reports, changing an opinion of a public figure, and winning influence and power. The prevalence of inauthentic multimedia continues to rise, so it is imperative to develop a set of tools that determines the legitimacy of media. We present a method that analyzes audio signals to determine whether they contain real human voices or fake human voices (i.e., voices generated by neural acoustic and waveform models). Instead of analyzing the audio signals directly, the proposed approach converts the audio signals into spectrogram images displaying frequency, intensity, and temporal content and evaluates them with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Trained on both genuine human voice signals and synthesized voice signals, we show our approach achieves high accuracy on this classification task. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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