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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Zhicheng Liu, Che-Kai Li, Chao Mao, Ruibin Yang, Jianyi Kämpfe, Thomas Imani, Mohsen Li, Can Zhuo, Cheng Yin, Xunzhao Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology United States Center Nanoelectric Technologies Fraunhofer IPMS Dresden Germany Department of Computer Science University of California Irvine United States Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence have given rise to transformative models, profoundly impacting our lives. These models demand massive volumes of data to operate effectively, exacerbating the data-transfer bottleneck inherent in the conventional von-Neumann architecture. Compute-in-memory (CIM), a novel computing paradigm, tackles these issues by seamlessly embedding in-memory search functions, thereby obviating the need for data transfers. However, existing non-volatile memory (NVM)-based accelerators are application specific. During the similarity based associative search operation, they only support a single, specific distance metric, such as Hamming, Manhattan, or Euclidean distance in measuring the query against the stored data, calling for reconfigurable in-memory solutions adaptable to various applications. To overcome such a limitation, in this paper, we present FeReX, a reconfigurable associative memory (AM) that accommodates various distance metrics including Hamming, Manhattan, and Euclidean distances. Leveraging multibit ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) as the proxy and a hardware-software co-design approach, we introduce a constrained satisfaction problem (CSP)-based method to automate AM search input voltage and stored voltage configurations for different distance based search functions. Device-circuit co-simulations first validate the effectiveness of the proposed FeReX methodology for reconfigurable search distance functions. Then, we benchmark FeReX in the context of k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and hyperdimensional computing (HDC), which highlights the robustness of FeReX and demonstrates up to 250× speedup and 104 energy savings compared with GPU. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nearest neighbor search

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Enabling MHz-Level Tailored Ultrafast Photoemission via Simultaneous Laser Mixing and Shaping

Enabling MHz-Level Tailored Ultrafast Photoemission via Simu...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Lemons, Randy Hirschman, Jack Neveu, Nicole Duris, Joseph Marinelli, Agostino Durfee, Charles Carbajo, Sergio SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University 2575 Sand Hill Rd Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St GoldenCO80401 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

We present a novel, versatile framework to generate W-level temporally shaped UV picosecond pulses via non-colinear sum frequency generation and demonstrate it producing temporally flattop, high-power UV pulses capable of enhancing femtosecond- and attosecond-level X-ray free electron lasers. © Optica Publishing Group 2023 © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Electrons

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Robust Wireless Power Transfer by Self-Oscillating Controlled Inverter and Circular Pads

Robust Wireless Power Transfer by Self-Oscillating Controlle...

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electrical Machines and Drives (ICEMD), International Conference on

作者： Alireza Eikani Mohammad Amirkhani Hossein Jafari Sadegh Vaez-Zadeh Mojtaba Mirsalim Davood Arab Khaburi Advanced Motion Systems Research Lab School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Electrical Machines and Transformers Research Laboratory (EMTRL) Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran

Inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) faces significant challenges in achieving high efficiency and stable output power for charging mobile devices like EVs. Using circular pads (CP) as the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) and a self-oscillating controlled inverter, this paper demonstrates a robust WPT system that maintains high constant transfer efficiency and output power in a defined region regardless of coupling coefficient variations without communication between Tx and Rx or control circuits for the receiver side. In contrast to couplers with non-identical Tx and Rx pads and multiple decoupled coils in the Rx pad, the compact CP-CP magnetic coupler with a single identical coil on the Tx and Rx is more robust at a wider transfer distance (air gap) and lateral and rotational misalignment between the Tx and Rx. The proposed 1-kW robust WPT system with up to a 20 cm air gap between the Tx and Rx and up to 12 cm lateral misalignment in all directions at a 15 cm air gap and all degrees of rotational misalignment can tolerate coupling variations and achieve constant output power with 93% constant transfer efficiency.

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Fast and accurate sparse-view CBCT reconstruction using meta-learned neural attenuation field and hash-encoding regularization

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Shin, Heejun Kim, Taehee Lee, Jongho Chun, Se Young Cho, Seungryong Shin, Dongmyung Artificial Intelligence Engineering Division Radisen Co. Ltd. Seoul Korea Republic of Laboratory for Imaging Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Intelligent Computational Imaging Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Laboratory Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Republic of

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging medical imaging technique to visualize the internal anatomical structures of patients. During a CBCT scan, several projection images of different angles or views are collectively utilized to reconstruct a tomographic image. However, reducing the number of projections in a CBCT scan while preserving the quality of a reconstructed image is challenging due to the nature of an ill-posed inverse problem. Recently, a neural attenuation field (NAF) method was proposed by adopting a neural radiance field algorithm as a new way for CBCT reconstruction, demonstrating fast and promising results using only 50 views. However, decreasing the number of projections is still preferable to reduce potential radiation exposure, and a faster reconstruction time is required considering a typical scan time. In this work, we propose a fast and accurate sparse-view CBCT reconstruction (FACT) method to provide better reconstruction quality and faster optimization speed in the minimal number of view acquisitions ( Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Ultrafast CMOS image sensors and data-enabled super-resolution for multimodal radiographic imaging and tomography 10

Ultrafast CMOS image sensors and data-enabled super-resoluti...

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10th International Workshop on Semiconductor Pixel Detectors for Particles and Imaging, Pixel 2022

作者： Yue, Xin Lin, Shanny Li, Wenting Wolfe, Bradley T. Clayton, Steven Makela, Mark Morris, C.L. Spannagel, Simon Ramberg, Erik Estrada, Juan Zhu, Hao Liu, Jifeng Fossum, Eric R. Wang, Zhehui Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth Dartmouth College HanoverNH03755 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Chandra Family Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr. 85 Hamburg22607 Germany Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL60510 United States

We summarize recent progress in ultrafast Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor development and the application of neural networks for post-processing of CMOS and charge-coupled device (CCD) image data to achieve sub-pixel resolution (thus 'super-resolution'). The combination of novel CMOS pixel designs and data-enabled image post-processing provides a promising path towards ultrafast high-resolution multi-modal radiographic imaging and tomography applications. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

关键词： Charge coupled devices

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Hydrometallurgical leaching and kinetic modeling of low-grade manganese ore with banana peel in sulfuric acid

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第2期28卷 193-200页

作者： Sajjad Ali Yaseen Iqbal Inamullah Khan Ansar Ullah Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Fahad Khizar Hussain Shah Materials Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of Peshawar25120 PeshawarPakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusUniversity Road 22060 AbbottabadPakistan Department of Chemistry COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusUniversity Road 22060 AbbottabadPakistan

Manganese was leached from a low-grade manganese ore(LGMO)using banana peel as the reductant in a dilute sulfuric acid *** effects of banana peel amount,H2SO4 concentration,reaction temperature,and time on Mn leaching from the complex LGMO were studied.A leaching efficiency of~98%was achieved at a leaching time of 2 h,banana peel amount of 4 g,leaching temperature of 120°C,manganese ore amount of 5 g,and sulfuric acid concentration of 15vol%.The phase,microstructural,and chemical analyses of LGMO samples before and after the leaching process confirmed the successful leaching of ***,the leaching process followed the shrinking core model and the leaching rate was controlled by a surface chemical reaction(1−(1−x)^1/3=kt)mechanism with an apparent activation energy of 40.19 kJ·mol^−1.

关键词： low-grade manganese ore glucose leaching kinetics activation energy

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Single-Photon Emitters in Aluminum Nitride by Zr ion Implantation

Single-Photon Emitters in Aluminum Nitride by Zr ion Implant...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Senichev, Alexander Martin, Zachariah O. Wang, Yongqiang Htoon, Han Lagutchev, Alexei S. Boltasseva, Alexandra Shalaev, Vladimir M. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States OakRidgeTN37931 United States Ion Beam Materials Laboratory Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Materials Physics and Applications Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States

We report on the generation of single-photon emitters in aluminum nitride films through Zr-ion implantation, which was predicted to form optically addressable spin defects. We studied implantation conditions, post-imp... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Ion implantation

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CSI-Free Position Optimization for Movable Antenna Communication Systems: A Black-Box Optimization Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zeng, Xianlong Fang, Jun Wang, Bin Ning, Boyu Li, Hongbin National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ07030 United States

Movable antenna (MA) is a new technology which leverages local movement of antennas to improve channel qualities and enhance the communication performance. Nevertheless, to fully realize the potential of MA systems, complete channel state information (CSI) between the transmitter-MA and the receiver-MA is required, which involves estimating a large number of channel parameters and incurs an excessive amount of training overhead. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a CSI-free MA position optimization method. The basic idea is to treat position optimization as a black-box optimization problem and calculate the gradient of the unknown objective function using zeroth-order (ZO) gradient approximation techniques. Simulation results show that the proposed ZO-based method, through adaptively adjusting the position of the MA, can achieve a favorable signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) using a smaller number of position measurements than the CSI-based approach. Such a merit makes the proposed algorithm more adaptable to fast-changing propagation channels. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Channel estimation

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An Unstructured Body-of-Revolution Electromagnetic Particle-in-Cell Algorithm with Radial Perfectly Matched Layers and Dual Polarizations

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Na, Dong-Yeop Teixeira, Fernando L. Omelchenko, Yuri A. Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang37673 Korea Republic of ElectroScience Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43212 United States Trinum Research Inc. San DiegoCA92126 United States

A novel electromagnetic particle-in-cell algorithm has been developed for fully kinetic plasma simulations on unstructured (irregular) meshes in complex body-of-revolution geometries. The algorithm, implemented in the BORPIC++ code, utilizes a set of field scalings and a coordinate mapping, reducing the Maxwell field problem in a cylindrical system to a Cartesian finite element Maxwell solver in the meridian plane. The latter obviates the cylindrical coordinate singularity in the symmetry axis. The choice of an unstructured finite element discretization enhances the geometrical flexibility of the BORPIC++ solver compared to the more traditional finite difference solvers. Symmetries in Maxwell's equations are explored to decompose the problem into two dual polarization states with isomorphic representations that enable code reuse. The particle-in-cell scatter and gather steps preserve charge-conservation at the discrete level. Our previous algorithm (BORPIC+) discretized the E and B field components of TEφ and TMφ polarizations on the finite element (primal) mesh [1, 2]. Here, we employ a new field-update scheme. Using the same finite element (primal) mesh, this scheme advances two sets of field components independently: (1) E and B of TEφ polarized fields, (Ez,Eρ,Bφ) and (2) D and H of TMφ polarized fields, (Dφ,Hz,Hρ). Since these field updates are not explicitly coupled, the new field solver obviates the coordinate singularity, which otherwise arises at the cylindrical symmetric axis, ρ = 0 when defining the discrete Hodge matrices (generalized finite element mass matrices). A cylindrical perfectly matched layer is implemented as a boundary condition in the radial direction to simulate open space problems, with periodic boundary conditions in the axial direction. We investigate effects of charged particles moving next to the cylindrical perfectly matched layer. We model azimuthal currents arising from rotational motion of charged rings, which produce TMφ polarized

关键词： Maxwell equations

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Multiple Stable Oscillators Referenced to the Same Multimode AlN/Si MEMS Resonator with Mode-Dependent Phase Noise and Frequency Stability

Multiple Stable Oscillators Referenced to the Same Multimode...

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International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)

作者： Tahmid Kaisar S M Enamul Hoque Yousuf Jaesung Lee Afzaal Qamar Mina Rais-Zadeh Soumyajit Mandal Philip X.-L. Feng Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665489607

We report on the first experimental demonstration of multiple self-sustaining feedback oscillators referenced to a single multimode resonator, using piezoelectric aluminum nitride on silicon (AlN/Si) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Integrated piezoelectric transduction enables efficient readout of three resonance modes of the same AlN/Si MEMS resonator, at 10MHz, 30MHz, and 65MHz with quality (Q) factors of 18600, 4350, 4230, respectively. Three stable self-sustaining oscillators are built, each referenced to one of these high-Q modes, and their mode-dependent phase noise and frequency stability (Allan deviation) are measured and analyzed. The 10, 30 and 65MHz oscillators exhibit low phase noise of -114, -100 and -105dBc/Hz at 1kHz offset frequency, respectively. The 65MHz oscillator yields excellent Allan deviation of $4\times 10^{-9}$ and $2\times 10^{-7}$ at ls and 1000s averaging time, respectively. The 10MHz oscillator’s low phase noise holds strong promise for clock and timing applications. The three oscillators’ overall excellent performance also suggests suitability for multimode resonant sensing and tracking. This work also elucidates mode dependency in oscillator noise and stability, on key attributes of mode-engineerable resonators.

关键词： Phase noise Micromechanical devices Temperature measurement Phase measurement Resonant frequency Stability analysis Sensors

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