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2025 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology, iWAT 2025

作者： Rice, Allyanna Kiourti, Asimina The Ohio State University ElectroScience Laboratory Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering ColumbusOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527365

We recently presented a new class of antennas for into-body radiation with unprecedented performance, namely, High-Contrast Low-Loss Antennas (HCLAs). The HCLAs, however, were limited by their size and bandwidth capabilities. Into-body antennas should be conformal to the body for wearable applications. Additionally, lower frequencies should be targeted due to their larger penetration depths into the tissues. To overcome these challenges, we herewith propose to (a) reduce the height, and (b) improve the low frequency cutoff, without compromising antenna performance. Simulations and measurements verify that the antenna height can be reduced from 12.1 mm to 7.5 mm and the low frequency cutoff (│S11│ © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wearable antennas

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On Shaping Gain of Multidimensional Constellations in Linear and Nonlinear Optical Fiber Channel

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第5期43卷 1455-1468页

作者： Chen, Bin Liang, Zhiwei Lei, Yi Deng, JingXin Li, Shen Liga, Gabriele Hefei University of Technology School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei230002 China Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei230002 China Chalmers University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Gothenburg412 96 Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering QC Québec CityG1V 0A6 Canada Eindhoven University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven5612 AZ Netherlands

Utilizing the multi-dimensional (MD) space for constellation shaping has been proven to be an effective approach for achieving shaping gains. Despite there exists a variety of MD modulation formats tailored for specific optical transmission scenarios, there remains a notable absence of a dependable comparison method for efficiently and promptly re-evaluating their performance in arbitrary transmission systems. In this paper, we introduce an analytical nonlinear interference (NLI) power model-based shaping gain estimation method to enable a fast performance evaluation of various MD modulation formats in coherent dual-polarization (DP) optical transmission system. In order to extend the applicability of this method to a broader set of modulation formats, we extend the established NLI model to take the 4D joint distribution into account and thus able to analyze the complex interactions of non-iid signaling in DP systems. With the help of the NLI model, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art modulation formats and investigate their actual shaping gains in two types of optical fiber communication scenarios (multi-span and single-span). The numerical simulation shows that for arbitrary modulation formats, the NLI power and relative shaping gains in terms of signal-to-noise ratio can be more accurately estimated by capturing the statistics of MD symbols. Furthermore, the proposed method further validates the effectiveness of the reported NLI-tolerant modulation format in the literature, which reveals that the linear shaping gains and modulation-dependent NLI should be jointly considered for nonlinearity mitigation. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optical fibers

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TCMS: A Multi-Sequence Log Parsing Method Based on Token Conversion

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年第3期22卷 3028-3045页

作者： Wei, Mingkuan Wen, Jigang He, Shiming Xie, Kun Liang, Wei Xie, Gaogang Li, Kenli Zhu, Ziyu Hunan University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of "Fusion Computing of Supercomputing and Artificial Intelligence" College of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering Changsha410012 China Hunan University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Xiangtan411201 China Changsha University of Science and Technology School of Computer and Communication Engineering Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation Changsha410114 China Beijing100045 China Columbia University Electrical Engineering New YorkNY10027 United States

Detailed system operations are recorded in logs. To ensure system reliability, developers can detect system anomalies through log anomaly detection. Log parsing, which converts semi-structured log messages into structured data, is a crucial step in log anomaly detection and advanced program analysis and verification. Despite the availability of various log parsing tools, they generally suffer from low parsing accuracy and slow efficiency due to the ignorance of variable characteristics and the use of costly pairwise comparison methods. In this paper, we propose a TCMS framework to parse logs, consisting of two main technologies. First, by studying 16 public log datasets, we find that most log variable tokens are structured variable tokens. Based on this discovery, we propose a token conversion algorithm to improve parsing accuracy. This algorithm converts the changed parts in structured variable tokens into wildcards (‘’), preventing these tokens from being directly identified as constant tokens. Second, to improve efficiency, we propose the LogMLCS algorithm, which intelligently constructs a graph to facilitate the extraction of common parts from multiple log messages at once, instead of using pairwise comparisons. Comprehensive experiments conducted on 16 log datasets reveal that our TCMS outperforms seven other parsing methods, achieving the highest parsing accuracy at the fastest speed. Furthermore, experimental results from running a log anomaly detection algorithm in conjunction with different log parsing methods demonstrate that TCMS significantly boosts detection accuracy. For instance, on the OpenStack dataset, our TCMS-facilitated log anomaly detection algorithm achieves a perfect F1-score, precision, and recall of 100% each, surpassing the best peer method by 32.2, 0.8, and 19.5 percentage points, respectively. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Accuracy Anomaly Detection Clustering Algorithms Peer To Peer Computing Electronic Mail Source Coding Particle Separators Codes Tokenization Itemsets Log Parsing Log Analysis Token Conversion Log MLCS Log Parsing Pairwise Comparisons Low Accuracy Public Datasets Anomaly Detection Common Part Multiple Messages Long Short Term Memory Point Source Target Domain Logarithm Of The Number Captive Animals Multi Objective Optimization Problem Regular Expressions Biological Sequences Rule Based Methods Point In The Graph Kinds Of Datasets Template Generation Number Of Templates Similar Template Parse Tree Syntax Errors Harmonic Average Of Precision Log Length Earliest Methods Common Subsequence Precision And Recall Leaf Node Part Of The Message

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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Attention-Driven Emotion Recognition in EEG: A Transformer-Based Approach With Cross-Dataset Fine-Tuning

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 69369-69394页

作者： Ghous, Ghulam Najam, Shaheryar Alshehri, Mohammed Alshahrani, Abdulmonem AlQahtani, Yahya Jalal, Ahmad Liu, Hui Riphah International University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Islamabad44000 Pakistan Bahria University Department of Electrical Engineering Islamabad44000 Pakistan King Khalid University Department of Computer Science Abha61421 Saudi Arabia King Khalid University Department of Informatics and Computer Systems Abha61421 Saudi Arabia Air University Faculty of Computer Science and AI Islamabad44000 Pakistan Korea University College of Informatics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul02841 Korea Republic of University of Bremen Cognitive Systems Laboratory Bremen28359 Germany Guodian Nanjing Automation Company Ltd. Nanjing210032 China

Emotion recognition from EEG (electroencephalogram) signals is crucial in mental health diagnostics and human-computer interaction but is often hindered by high dimensionality, noise, and complex temporal dependencies in the data. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates transformer models, attention mechanisms, and transfer learning to enhance emotion recognition accuracy from EEG signals. The proposed methodology consists of two phases: Attention Enhanced Base Model Development (AE-BMD) and Cross-Dataset Fine Tuning Adaptation (CD-FTA). In the AE-BMD phase, the base model is developed and trained on the SEED-IV dataset (15 participants, 62 EEG channels), achieving an accuracy of 84%, with an average precision of 84.75%, recall of 84% and F1-score of 84%. This phase employs optimized feature extraction from key EEG frequency bands (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma) using techniques such as MFCC, GFCC, power spectral density, and Hjorth parameters. A transformer encoder with integrated spectral and temporal attention mechanisms captures intricate patterns and long-range dependencies within the EEG signals. In the CD-FTA phase, the model undergoes fine-tuning on the SEED-V dataset (20 participants, 62 channels) leading to an improved accuracy of 90%, with an average precision of 90.6%, recall of 90.6%, and F1-score of 90.6%. The model’s generalization is further validated on the MPED dataset (23 participants, 62 channels, seven emotion classes), achieving 79%, with an average precision of 79.3%, recall of 79.3% and F1-score of 79.1% across diverse emotional states. This cross-dataset adaptation leverages transfer learning to enhance the model’s generalization across different emotional states and EEG datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms traditional methods, achieving superior accuracy and robustness in emotion recognition tasks. This work advances emotion recognition systems by addressing challenges in EEG signal proc

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Subnetwork-based federated few-shot semantic segmentation of organ images

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： Wu Junpeng Zhao Meng Zhang Huanping Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System of Ministry of Education， School of Computer Science and Engineering， Tianjin University of Technology

Federated learning(FL)， as a distributed learning paradigm， allows multiple medical institutions to collaborate on learning without the need to centralize all client data. However， existing methods pay little attention to more challenging medical image semantic segmentation tasks， especially in the scenario of the imbalanced dataset in federated few-shot learning. In this paper， we propose a subnetwork-based federated few-shot organ image segmentation method. Firstly， individual clients train using local training samples and then upload local model gradients to the server. The server utilizes their respective local model gradients to update the subnetwork maintained on the server and generate aggregation weights for forming personalized model parameters. Through this method， we can learn the similarities between different clients to address data heterogeneity issues. In addition， to enhance the communication efficiency between clients and the server， we have also designed a personalized layer aggregation strategy， which only transmits partial layer model parameters during the communication process to improve communication efficiency. Finally， we conducted experiments on ABD-MRI and ABD-CT datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

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Toward 100% Renewable Power Grids: A Review

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 69690-69704页

作者： Yang, Yayu Wen, Yan Zhang, Zhengfa Dong, Yuqing Shen, Chong Liu, Yilu The University of Tennessee at Knoxville Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States

The transition to a 100% renewable power grid remains beset by significant technical challenges. This paper critically examines the obstacles arising from the variability and unpredictability of renewable energy sources (RES), which complicate the real-time balancing of power generation and load demand. In addition to traditional stability concerns (e.g., rotor angle, voltage, and frequency stability), the increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) introduces novel challenges, including resonance stability issues and converter-driven dynamics. Moreover, the dynamic behavior and fault response of IBRs diverge markedly from those of conventional synchronous generators, rendering traditional protection schemes increasingly inadequate. This paper reviews state-of-the-art solutions in power balancing, grid flexibility, stability enhancement, and advanced protection strategies, discussing their implications for future grid design. The analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of recent technological advancements, thereby outlining critical research directions essential for achieving a resilient, 100% renewable power grid. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Power grids

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Multi-Level and Energy-Efficient Partial Computation Offloading in Heterogeneous Edge Intelligence

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 14993-15007页

作者： Xu, Baoyu Ruan, Yancheng Qiu, Chenghu He, Shuibing Shu, Feng Kang, Xiaoyang Zhang, Lihua Academy for Engineering and Technology Shanghai200433 China Shanghai University School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai200444 China Zhejiang University College of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou310027 China University of Sydney School of Electrical and Information Engineering Australia Fudan University Laboratory for Neural Interface and Brain Computer Interface MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Academy for Engineering and Technology Shanghai200433 China Fudan University Academy for Engineering and Technology Shanghai200433 China

Due to the diversity of edge devices and applications, edge systems are heterogeneous and have been applied in artificial intelligence fields such as smart factories and intelligent transportation, which is called heterogeneous edge intelligence. Many studies employ computation offloading to transfer processing data from resource-scarce edge devices to resource-rich edge servers. These studies primarily focus on the overall resource consumption of homogeneous edge systems, neglecting the system heterogeneity and the details of resource consumption. In this article, we construct a system model from a parallel perspective for the heterogeneous edge system with different processors, memory, and applications, which perceives the cost of energy and delay from three levels: system, application, and component. A hybrid metaheuristic algorithm combined with a greedy rule, hybrid mutation, and whale optimization algorithm (GHMWOA) is proposed to realize partial computation offloading. A partial offloading architecture of heterogeneous edge intelligence is proposed to validate our model and algorithm with real-world hardware and software. Experiment results not only show GHMWOA outperforms multiple classical optimization algorithms in minimizing energy consumption, but also discover on which system component energy consumption depends, and how properties of application and system influence the cost of energy. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms

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Fast alternating minimization algorithm for coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging based on sparsity and deep image priors

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Applied Optics 2025年第14期64卷 4121-4131页

作者： Zhao, Qile Zhao, Xianhong Ma, Xu Chen, Xudong Arce, Gonzalo R. Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology System of Ministry of Education of China School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging is a computational imaging technique used to reconstruct three-dimensional hyperspectral images from one or several two-dimensional projection measurements. However, fewer projection measurements or more spectral channels lead to a severely ill-posed problem, in which case regularization methods have to be applied. In order to significantly improve the accuracy of reconstruction, this paper proposes a fast alternating minimization algorithm based on the sparsity and deep image priors of natural images. By integrating deep image prior into the principle of compressive sensing reconstruction, the proposed algorithm can achieve state-of-the-art results without any training dataset. Extensive experiments show that the Fama-SDIP method significantly outperforms prevailing methods on simulation and real HSI datasets. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational Imaging

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A hypothetical comparative evaluation system for arctic indoors

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2025年第1期14卷 210-223页

作者： Seyed-Amin Tabatabaeifard Jean-Francois Lalonde Marc Hebert Andre Potvin Claude MH.Demers GRAP(Groupe de Recherche en Ambiances Physiques) Ecole d’architectureUniversite LavalQuebecCanada Computer Vision and Systems Lab Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversite LavalQuebecCanada CERVO Brain Research Centre Faculty of MedicineUniversite LavalQuebecCanada

This research presents an innovative approach to evaluating indoor spaces,combining qualitative attributes with numerical architectural metrics. A hypothetical comparative visualization system is introduced, utilizing HDR visual imaging and thermal imaging in 360° field of view across multiple indoor environments. The study aims to provide architectsand occupants with a user-friendly tool informing them about the primary considerations oftheir built spaces, with a specific focus on indoor environmental qualities in remote Arctic regions. Key inquiries delve into the efficacy of the spherical approach and the capacity ofcomparative visualization to offer insights into space quality. Preliminary experiments contrastindoor environments in terms of circadian lighting, thermal uniformity, and view access tooutside in the 360° field of view (VAR360). The resulting visualizations hold significance inintroducing an immersive approach for depicting specific non-visible environmental qualities,particularly in relation to the window characteristics of spaces. It demonstrates the integration of multiple environmental variables, both steady-state and temporal, from central pointswithin spaces, providing a comprehensive view over their non-visible qualities. These resultsshould be useful for researchers and practitioners within building sciences, computer vision,and photobiology, showcasing an out-of-the-box approach for categorizing indoor spaces basedon standards and human-environmental qualifications.

关键词： Environmental assessment 360°imaging Comparative systems Low-cost tools Built environments

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