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A hybrid blockchain and machine learning approach for intrusion detection system in Industrial Internet of Things

Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 127卷 619-627页

作者： Song, Wu Zhu, Xiangyuan Ren, Sheng Tan, Wenxue Peng, Yibo School of Computer and Electrical Engineering Hunan University of Arts and Science Hunan Changde415000 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Investigational Technology Hunan Police Academy Hunan Changsha410138 China

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a key component of Industry 4.0, which enables manufacturing to be automated and data collected in real-time. Edge IoT devices are subject to cybersecurity threats and unauthorised access. Decentralisation and resource limitations of IIoT often prevent traditional security mechanisms from addressing these threats. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs), which are used to detect intrusions in IIoT environments, are presented in this paper as hybrid machine learning-blockchain approaches. Blockchain technology ensures data integrity, secures communication, and prevents unauthorised modifications through the proposed system. To reduce false positives and improve threat detection accuracy, XGBoost is able to reduce the number of false positives. Using the BOT-IoT dataset, the model is demonstrated to be superior to conventional intrusion detection systems. This approach ensures enhanced security and trustworthiness of IIoT networks by offering a scalable, efficient, and secure solution. © 2025

关键词： Industrial internet of things (IIoT)

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Real-Time Digital RF Emulation - Part I: The Direct Path Computational Model

IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems 2024年 2卷 866-879页

作者： DeLude, C. Driscoll, J. Mukherjee, M. Rahman, N. Mao, X. Kamal, U. Khan, S. Sivaraman, H. Huang, E. Mcharg, J. Swaminathan, M. Pande, S. Mukhopadhyay, S. Romberg, J. Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computer Science AtlantaGA30332 United States MIT Lincoln Laboratory Advanced Concepts and Technologies Group LexingtonMA02421 United States Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Electrical Engineering State CollegePA16802 United States

In this article, we consider the problem of developing a computational model for emulating an RF channel. The motivation for this is that an accurate and scalable emulator has the potential to minimize the need for field testing, which is expensive, slow, and difficult to replicate. Traditionally, emulators are built using a tapped delay line (TDL) model where long filters modeling the physical interactions of objects are implemented directly. For an emulation scenario consisting of M objects all interacting with one another, the TDL model's computational requirements scale as O(M3) per sample: there are O(M2) channels, each with O(M) complexity. In this article, we develop a new "direct path"model that, while remaining physically faithful, allows us to carefully factor the emulator operations, resulting in an O(M2) per-sample scaling of the computational requirements. The impact of this is drastic, a 200-object scenario sees about a 100× reduction in the number of per-sample computations. Furthermore, the direct path model gives us a natural way to distribute the computations for an emulation: each object is mapped to a computational node, and these nodes are networked in a fully connected communication graph. Alongside a discussion of the model and the physical phenomena it emulates, we show how to efficiently parameterize antenna responses and scattering profiles within this direct path framework. To verify the model and demonstrate its viability in hardware, we provide several numerical experiments produced using a cycle-level C++ simulator of a hardware implementation of the model. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： C++ (programming language)

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Functional plastic films:nano-engineered composite based flexible microwave antennas with near-unity relative visible transmittance

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第2期5卷 95-105页

作者： Cheng Zhang Liang Zhu Chengang Ji Zhilu Ye Nabeel Alsaab Minye Yang Yuhui Hu Pai-Yen Chen L.Jay Guo School of Optical and Electronic Information&Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Microwave antennas are essential elements for various applications,such as telecommunication,radar,sensing,and wireless power *** antennas are conventionally manufactured on rigid substrates using opaque materials,such as metal strips,metallic tapes,or epoxy pastes;thus,prohibiting their use in flexible and wearable devices,and simultaneously limiting their integration into existing optoelectronic ***,we demonstrate that mechanically flexible and optically transparent microwave antennas with high operational efficiencies can be readily fabricated using composite nanolayers deposited on common plastic *** composite nanolayer structure consists of an ultra-thin copper-doped silver film sandwiched between two dielectric films of tantalum pentoxide and aluminum *** material and thickness of each constituent layer are judiciously selected such that the whole structure exhibits an experimentally measured averaged visible transmittance as high as 98.94%compared to a bare plastic substrate,and simultaneously,a sheet resistance as low as 12.5Ω/*** representative types of microwave antennas are implemented:an omnidirectional dipole antenna,unidirectional Yagi-Uda antenna,low-profile patch antenna,and Fabry-Pérot cavity *** devices exhibit great mechanical flexibility with bending angle over 70°,high gain of up to 13.6 dBi,and large radiation efficiency of up to 84.5%.The proposed nano-engineered composites can be easily prepared over large areas on various types of substrates and simultaneously overcome the limitations of poor mechanical flexibility,low electrical conductivity,and reduced optical transparency usually faced by other constituent materials for flexible transparent microwave *** demonstrated flexible microwave antennas have various applications ranging from fifth-generation and vehicular communication systems to bio-signal monitors and wearable electronics.

关键词： Optically transparent antenna Flexible microwave antenna Transparent conductor Ultra-thin silver Doped silver Wearable optoelectronics

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PAC-MC: An Efficient Password-Based Access Control Framework for Time Sequence Aware Media Cloud

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第7期24卷 5632-5648页

作者： Wang, Haiyan Liu, Penghui Zhong, Xiaoxiong Luo, Fucai Xiao, Bin Yang, Yuanyuan Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of New Networks Shenzhen518000 China Zhejiang Gongshang University School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou China Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Computing Hong Kong Stony Brook University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony BrookNY11794 United States

Cloud storage makes it easier for users to access and share data remotely, but it often requires integration with cryptographic technologies to address consumer-oriented applications, such as fine-grained data access, secure data sharing and retrieval. This paper focuses on the fine-grained access problem of media applications based on time sequence, that is, certain critical media applications based on time sequences should ideally be accessible only to authorized clients. The traditional keyword-based searchable encryption (SE) allows effective search and access over encrypted data while preserving data privacy, but most existing solutions do not support temporal access control (i.e., a mechanism that grants access permissions to users within a specified time range). In this paper, we propose PAC-MC, an efficient password-based access control framework for media cloud relying on content control with the time sequence attribute. PAC-MC not only supports multi-keyword search using any monotonic boolean formulas but also allows media owners to control content-encryption keys for different time periods with an updatable password. Furthermore, it supports the self-retrieval of content-encryption keys. In addition, PAC-MC is provably secure under the standard model. Finally, the detailed performance evaluation results and experimental comparisons indicate that PAC-MC is very efficient and outperforms the previous solutions in terms of computation, communication, and storage costs. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Media Encryption Access control Cloud computing Servers Passwords Keyword search Copyright protection Streaming media Performance evaluation

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Exploring the Predictive Capabilities of AlphaFold Using Adversarial Protein Sequences

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第7期5卷 3384-3392页

作者： Alkhouri, Ismail R. Jha, Sumit Beckus, Andre Atia, George Jha, Susmit Ewetz, Rickard Velasquez, Alvaro OrlandoFL32816 United States Michigan State University Computational Mathematics Science and Engineering Department East LansingMI48824 United States University of Michigan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Ann ArborMI48109 United States Florida International University Knights Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences MiamiFL33199 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Rome Information Directorate NY13441 United States Department Computer Science Department OrlandoFL32816 United States SRI International Computer Science Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Department OrlandoFL32816 United States University of Colorado Computer Science Department BoulderCO80309 United States

Protein folding neural networks (PFNNs) such as AlphaFold predict remarkably accurate structures of proteins compared to other approaches. However, the robustness of such networks has heretofore not been fully explored. This is particularly relevant given the broad social implications of such technologies and the fact that biologically small perturbations to noncritical residues of a protein sequence do not typically lead to drastic changes in the protein structure. Our study demonstrates that, similar to adversarial methods in machine learning, small changes to protein sequences can result in significant differences in the predicted protein structures using AlphaFold as determined by large distance measures. Despite this, our findings using multiple protein sequences suggest that AlphaFold is able to accurately predict the domain structure and folding regions of a protein. To gauge structural differences, we employ two alignment-based measures [root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and the global distance test (GDT) similarity], and one alignment-free measure, which is an effective graph-based structure representation (GraSR) method. We prove that the problem of minimally perturbing protein sequences is NP-complete. Based on the well-established block substitution matrices (BLOSUM62) sequence alignment scoring matrix, we generate adversarial sequences. In our experimental evaluation, we consider 111 proteins (including 29 COVID-19 sequences) in the Universal Protein resource (UniProt), a central resource for protein data. Our findings suggest that, despite the high RMSD values returned by AlphaFold, it is capable of handling the BLOSUM adversarial sequences considered in our analysis, as evidenced by the preservation of the folded regions and the GraSR results. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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FEMD: Feature Enhancement-aided Multimodal Feature Fusion Approach for Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection 30

FEMD: Feature Enhancement-aided Multimodal Feature Fusion Ap...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2024

作者： Li, Juan Li, Rui Lu, Youshui Cai, Bowen Cao, Yulin Lin, Hang Li, Xingxing Li, Chan Qinghai Normal University School of Computer Science Xining China Xidian University The State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application School of Computer Science Qinghai Normal University School of Computer Science and Technology Xian China School of the Instrument Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xian China School of Science and Engineering University of Minnesota - Twin City Minneapolis United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515966

Smart contracts, due to their immutability and transparency upon deployment, entail significant economic and systemic risks from any vulnerabilities present. Traditional vulnerability detection methods suffer from low automation and high false positive rates, while existing deep learning-based approaches inadequately extract contract features, thereby limiting detection accuracy. To address these issues, this paper proposes FEMD: a feature-enhanced aided multimodal feature fusion method for smart contract vulnerability detection. Building on the foundation of addressing the low automation of traditional detection tools, our method improves the model's feature extraction performance and detection capabilities. Specifically, we construct a contract graph through Comprehensive Expert-Graph Fusion, combining multi-modal feature fusion using a multi-head attention mechanism with expert patterns to ensure the capture and effective preservation of all critical information during the fusion process. To delve deeper into potential information within smart contract graphs, we employ a Feature Enhancer that leverages transpose operations on feature matrices to extract complex interaction patterns across different dimensions. Our approach is validated through batches of experiments on the Ethereum open dataset focusing on reentrancy and timestamp dependency vulnerabilities, demonstrating significant improvements in detection accuracy and robustness. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Phasmatodea Population Evolution Algorithm Based on Spiral Mechanism and Its Application to Data Clustering

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 475-496页

作者： Jeng-Shyang Pan Mengfei Zhang Shu-Chuan Chu Xingsi Xue Václav Snášel College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349TaiwanChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou350118China Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science VŠB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava70833Czech Republic

Data clustering is an essential technique for analyzing complex datasets and continues to be a central research topic in data *** clustering algorithms,such as K-means,are widely used due to their simplicity and *** paper proposes a novel Spiral Mechanism-Optimized Phasmatodea Population Evolution Algorithm(SPPE)to improve clustering *** SPPE algorithm introduces several enhancements to the standard Phasmatodea Population Evolution(PPE)***,a Variable Neighborhood Search(VNS)factor is incorporated to strengthen the local search capability and foster population ***,a position update model,incorporating a spiral mechanism,is designed to improve the algorithm’s global exploration and convergence ***,a dynamic balancing factor,guided by fitness values,adjusts the search process to balance exploration and exploitation *** performance of SPPE is first validated on CEC2013 benchmark functions,where it demonstrates excellent convergence speed and superior optimization results compared to several state-of-the-art metaheuristic *** further verify its practical applicability,SPPE is combined with the K-means algorithm for data clustering and tested on seven *** results show that SPPE-K-means improves clustering accuracy,reduces dependency on initialization,and outperforms other clustering *** study highlights SPPE’s robustness and efficiency in solving both optimization and clustering challenges,making it a promising tool for complex data analysis tasks.

关键词： Phasmatodea population evolution algorithm data clustering meta-heuristic algorithm

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Cybertwin Based Cloud Native Networks

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2023年第3期8卷 187-202页

作者： Quan Yu Dandan Liang Meng Qin Jiacheng Chen Haibo Zhou Jing Ren Ying Li Jun Wu Yue Gao Wei Zhang Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611730China School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia

With the emerging applications of the Internet of things,artificial intelligence,and satellite communications,the future network will be featured as the Internet of everything around the *** network heterogeneity,applications cloudification,and personalized user services demand a revolutionary change in the network *** the rapid development of cloud native technology,the new network should support heterogeneous networks and personalized quality of services for *** this paper,we propose a Cybertwinbased cloud native network(CCNN)that merges the radio access network(RAN),the IP bearer network,and the data center network and is based on the cloud native data center network using Kubernetes as a network operating system for unified virtualization of computing,storage,and network resources,unified scheduling and allocation,and unified operation and ***,we propose a fully decoupled RAN architecture that can flexibly and efficiently utilize the resource for personlized user *** also propose a Cybertwin-based management framework built on Kubernetes for integrated networking,computing and storage resource ***,we design an immunology-inspired intrinsic security architecture with zero trust security system and adaptive defense *** proposed CCNN is a new network architecture expected to address future generation communications and networks challenges.

关键词： 6G network architecture Cybertwin cloud native network security

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Design of artificial biomimetic channels with Na^(+)permeation rate and selectivity potentially outperforming the natural sodium channel

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8638-8646页

作者： Zhi Zhu Yan Zhao Chao Chang Shaojian Yan Tingyu Sun Shiyu Gu Yangmei Li Dengsong Zhang Chunlei Wang Xiao Cheng Zeng School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100071China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Artificial ion channels that enable high-efficiency ion transport have important implications in nanofluidics and biomedical applications such as drug ***,we show a simulation-based chemical design of a biomimetic sodium channel that possesses permeation rate and selectivity potentially higher than those of the state-of-the-art natural vertebrate voltage-gated sodium ***,our theoretical findings have undergone empirical testing,aligning well with the Arrhenius law as derived from a diverse range of experimental *** high-efficiency ion transport is achieved by anchoring the carboxylate functional groups within the channel filter.A key chemical guiding principle underlying the ion channel design is that the free-energy barrier for the Na^(+)passage across the channel should be comparable to typical thermal energy at room *** the implementation of the chemical design,we found that the relatively low free-energy barrier can be attributed to the compensation effect of the carboxylate groups to the partially lost oxygen shell of the ion within the ion channel,as well as to the consonant vibration of the ions inside and outside the *** mechanistic understanding brings new insight,at the molecular level,into the high-efficiency ion transport across the designed membrane *** proof of principle achieved from the simulations will stimulate future experimental confirmation and potential applications of the high-performance artificial channels in nanofluidics and in bioinspired iontronics.

关键词： sodium channels anchoring carboxylate functional groups molecular dynamics simulations low free-energy barrier for ion passage thermal kinetic energy

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Adaptive delay-energy balanced partial offloading strategy in Mobile Edge Computing networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第6期9卷 1310-1318页

作者： Shumei Liu Yao Yu Lei Guo Phee Lep Yeoh Branka Vucetic Yonghui Li School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)-based computation offloading is a promising application paradigm for serving large numbers of users with various delay and energy *** this paper,we propose a flexible MECbased requirement-adaptive partial offloading model to accommodate each user's specific preference regarding delay and energy *** address the dimensional differences between time and energy,we introduce two normalized parameters and then derive the computational overhead of processing *** from existing works,this paper considers practical variations in the user request patterns,and exploits a flexible partial offloading mode to minimize computation overheads subject to tolerable delay,task workload and power *** the resulting problem is non-convex,we decouple it into two convex subproblems and present an iterative algorithm to obtain a feasible offloading *** experiments show that our proposed scheme achieves a significant improvement in computation overheads compared with existing schemes.

关键词： Mobile edge computing(MEC) Delay Energy consumption Dynamic balance Partial computation offloading

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