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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bano, Sophia Casella, Alessandro Vasconcelos, Francisco Qayyum, Abdul Benzinou, Abdesslam Mazher, Moona Meriaudeau, Fabrice Lena, Chiara Cintorrino, Ilaria Anita De Paolis, Gaia Romana Biagioli, Jessica Grechishnikova, Daria Jiao, Jing Bai, Bizhe Qiao, Yanyan Bhattarai, Binod Gaire, Rebati Raman Subedi, Ronast Vazquez, Eduard Plotka, Szymon Lisowska, Aneta Sitek, Arkadiusz Attilakos, George Wimalasundera, Ruwan David, Anna L. Paladini, Dario Deprest, Jan De Momi, Elena Mattos, Leonardo S. Moccia, Sara Stoyanov, Danail Department of Computer Science University College London United Kingdom Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Italy The BioRobotics Institute Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Italy Fetal Medicine Unit Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Wing University College London Hospital United Kingdom EGA Institute for Women's Health Faculty of Population Health Sciences University College London United Kingdom Department of Development and Regeneration University Hospital Leuven Belgium Department of Fetal and Perinatal Medicine Istituto Giannina Gaslini Italy ENIB UMR CNRS 6285 LabSTICC 29238 France Department of Computer Engineering and Mathematics University Rovira i Virgili Spain ImViA Laboratory University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté France Physics Department Lomonosov Moscow State University Russia Fudan University China Medical Computer Vision and Robotics Group Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences University of Toronto Canada Co. Ltd China NepAL Applied Mathematics and Informatics Institute for Research Nepal Redev Technology United Kingdom Sano Center for Computational Medicine Poland Quantitative Healthcare Analysis Group Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Center for Advanced Medical Computing and Simulation Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

Fetoscopy laser photocoagulation is a widely adopted procedure for treating Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS). The procedure involves photocoagulation pathological anastomoses to restore a physiological blood exchange among twins. The procedure is particularly challenging, from the surgeon's side, due to the limited field of view, poor manoeuvrability of the fetoscope, poor visibility due to amniotic fluid turbidity, and variability in illumination. These challenges may lead to increased surgery time and incomplete ablation of pathological anastomoses, resulting in persistent TTTS. computer-assisted intervention (CAI) can provide TTTS surgeons with decision support and context awareness by identifying key structures in the scene and expanding the fetoscopic field of view through video mosaicking. Research in this domain has been hampered by the lack of high-quality data to design, develop and test CAI algorithms. Through the Fetoscopic Placental Vessel Segmentation and Registration (FetReg2021) challenge, which was organized as part of the MICCAI2021 Endoscopic vision (EndoVis) challenge, we released the first large-scale multi-center TTTS dataset for the development of generalized and robust semantic segmentation and video mosaicking algorithms with a focus on creating drift-free mosaics from long duration fetoscopy videos. For this challenge, we released a dataset of 2060 images, pixel-annotated for vessels, tool, fetus and background classes, from 18 in-vivo TTTS fetoscopy procedures and 18 short video clips of an average length of 411 frames for developing placental scene segmentation and frame registration for mosaicking techniques. Seven teams participated in this challenge and their model performance was assessed on an unseen test dataset of 658 pixel-annotated images from 6 fetoscopic procedures and 6 short clips. The challenge provided an opportunity for creating generalized solutions for fetoscopic scene understanding and mosaicking. In this paper,

关键词： Pixels

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Emergence of electric-field-tunable interfacial ferromagnetism in 2D antiferromagnet heterostructures

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Cheng, Guanghui Rahman, Mohammad Mushfiqur He, Zhiping Allcca, Andres Llacsahuanga Rustagi, Avinash Stampe, Kirstine Aggerbeck Zhu, Yanglin Yan, Shaohua Tian, Shangjie Mao, Zhiqiang Lei, Hechang Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Upadhyaya, Pramey Chen, Yong P. WPI-AIMR International Research Center for Materials Sciences Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Quantum Science Center Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Institute of Physics and Astronomy Villum Centers for Dirac Materials and for Hybrid Quantum Materials Aarhus University Aarhus-C 8000 Denmark Department of Physics Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan

Van der Waals (vdW) magnet heterostructures have emerged as new platforms to explore exotic magnetic orders and quantum phenomena. Here, we study heterostructures of layered antiferromagnets, CrI3 and CrCl3, with perpendicular and in-plane magnetic anisotropy, respectively. Using magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy, we demonstrate out-of-plane magnetic order in the CrCl3 layer proximal to CrI3, with ferromagnetic interfacial coupling between the two. Such an interlayer exchange field leads to higher critical temperature than that of either CrI3 or CrCl3 alone. We further demonstrate significant electric-field control of the coercivity, attributed to the naturally broken structural inversion symmetry of the heterostructure allowing unprecedented direct coupling between electric field and interfacial magnetism. These findings illustrate the opportunity to explore exotic magnetic phases and engineer spintronic devices in vdW heterostructures. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferromagnetism

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Design of Drive Parameters Considering Crosstalk Suppression for SiC MOSFET Applications

Design of Drive Parameters Considering Crosstalk Suppression...

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition

作者： Shengsheng Liu Hua Lin Tao Wang Chunhui Liu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University Tempe USA

Considering crosstalk suppression, the excellent characteristics of SiC MOSFET that high switching speed and low switching losses in half-bridge applications are not sufficiently utilized due to improper driving parameters. The passive suppression strategy simply and effectively suppress crosstalk by paralleling a small capacitor between the gate and source. Although the approach does alleviate crosstalk to a certain extent, it does slow down the switching speed and increase the switching losses in essence, so it is necessary to design driving parameters reasonably. This paper provides a trade-off parameters design method for driving resistor and the parallel capacitor to cater for high-speed and high-frequency applications, while taking driving circuit analysis and chips driving capability into account. Meanwhile, complicated calculations and a large number of experiments are avoided to obtain appropriate parameter values. What's more, the rationality and effectiveness of parameters design are verified by experiments.

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Signatures of unconventional superconductivity near reentrant and fractional quantum anomalous Hall insulators

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xu, Fan Sun, Zheng Li, Jiayi Zheng, Ce Xu, Cheng Gao, Jingjing Jia, Tongtong Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Tong, Bingbing Lu, Li Jia, Jinfeng Shi, Zhiwen Jiang, Shengwei Zhang, Yuanbo Zhang, Yang Lei, Shiming Liu, Xiaoxue Li, Tingxin Tsung-Dao Lee Institute School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai China Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Japan Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei China Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States

Two-dimensional moiré systems provide an exceptional platform for exploring novel quantum phenomena driven by electronic correlations and non-trivial band topology. A notable example is the recent observation of the fractional quantum anomalous Hall (FQAH) effect in moiré Chern bands [1-11]. It opens new avenues for further exploring a variety of many-body electronic liquid and solid phases at zero magnetic field within a lattice system. Even more intriguing is the possibility that flat Chern bands can, in principle, also support exotic superconducting phases [12-18], which are unlikely to emerge in Landau levels. Here we report transport studies of the first moiré Chern band of 3.83° twisted bilayer MoTe2 (tMoTe2), with significantly improved device quality compared to previous studies [3,4], enabling the observation of intriguing new quantum states. Specifically, we observe integer quantum anomalous Hall (IQAH) effect at moiré hole filling factor of νh = 1, FQAH effects at νh = 2/3, 3/5, 4/7, 5/9, and eight topologically trivial correlated insulators. In between of νh = 2/3 and 3/5 FQAH states, a reentrant integer quantum anomalous Hall (RIQAH) state – the zero magnetic field analogue of reentrant quantum Hall states [19-24] – emerges at temperature below 300 mK. Remarkably, signatures of unconventional superconductivity have been observed, neighboring with the FQAH and RIQAH states. The maximum onset superconducting transition temperature is approximately 1.2 K, with the zero-resistance state achieved around 300 mK, and a perpendicular critical magnetic field as high as approximately 0.6 T. Notably, the normal state of the observed superconductivity exhibits anomalous Hall effect and magnetic hysteresis. Our results demonstrate the first example of superconductivity emerging within a flat Chern band that simultaneously hosts FQAH effects, a phenomenon never observed in any other systems. Our work expands the understanding of emergent quantum phenomena in moiré Ch

关键词： Magnetoresistance

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Light enhanced blue energy generation using MoS2 nanopores

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Graf, Michael Lihter, Martina Unuchek, Dmitrii Sarathy, Aditya Leburton, Jean-Pierre Kis, Andras Radenovic, Aleksandra Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology Institute of Bioengineering School of Engineering EPFL Lausanne1015 Switzerland Laboratory of Nanoscale Electronics and Structures Institute of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering School of Engineering EPFL Lausanne1015 Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States

Blue energy relies on the chemical potential difference generated between solutions of high and low ionic strength and would provide a sun-and-wind independent energy source at estuaries around the world. Converting this osmotic energy through reverse-electrodialysis relies on ion-selective membranes. A novel generation of these membranes is based on atomically thin MoS2 membranes to decrease the resistance to current flow to increase power output. By modulating the surface charge by light we are able to raise the ion selectivity of the membrane by a factor of 5 while staying at a neutral pH. Furthermore, we find that the behavior of small nanopores is dominated by surface conductance. We introduce a formalism based on the Dukhin number to quantify these effects in the case of a concentration gradient system. As a consequence, the charges created by light illumination provoke two important changes. Increased surface charge at the pore rim enhances the ion selectivity and therefore larger osmotic voltage (dominating in small pores), while the increased surface charge of the overall membrane enhances the surface conductance and therefore the osmotic current (dominating in larger pores). The combination of these effects might be able to efficiently boost the energy generation with arrays of nanopores with varying pore sizes. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface charge

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A BP-like Distributed Algorithm for Weighted Average Consensus

A BP-like Distributed Algorithm for Weighted Average Consens...

引用

Asian Control Conference

作者： Zhaorong Zhang Kan Xie Qianqian Cai Minyue Fu School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728102634

A novel distributed algorithm designed for weighted average consensus is presented. This algorithm is developed based on the well-known Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm for statistical learning. For a connected network without loops, the algorithm will converge in finite number of iteration and produces a correct average consensus value for every node in the network. For a network with loops, we convert the weighted average problem into an optimization problem with a relaxation factor whose solution approaches to the weighted average with appropriate relaxation factor. A modified algorithm is also proposed for loopy networks and consensus will be reached asymptotically with low computation complexity and fast convergence rate.

关键词： Signal processing algorithms Convergence Distributed algorithms Nickel Statistical learning Consensus algorithm Belief propagation

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Epitaxial thin films of a chalcogenide perovskite

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Surendran, Mythili Chen, Huandong Zhao, Boyang Thind, Arashdeep Singh Singh, Shantanu Orvis, Thomas Zhao, Huan Han, Jae-Kyung Htoon, Han Kawasaki, Megumi Mishra, Rohan Ravichandran, Jayakanth Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging University of Southern California 925 Bloom Walk Los AngelesCA90089 United States Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern California 925 Bloom Walk Los AngelesCA90089 United States Institute of Materials Science & Engineering Washington University in St. Louis One Brookings Drive St. LouisMO63130 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Institute of Materials Science & Engineering Washington University in St. Louis One Brookings Drive St. LouisMO63130 United States Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Materials Physics and Applications Division Los Alamos National Laboratory NM87545 United States School of Mechanical Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331 United States Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California 925 Bloom Walk Los AngelesCA90089 United States

Chalcogenide perovskites have emerged as a new class of electronic materials, but fundamental properties and applications of chalcogenide perovskites remain limited by the lack of high quality epitaxial thin films. We report epitaxial thin film growth of BaZrS3, a prototypical chalcogenide, by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction studies show that the films are strongly textured out of plane and have a clear in-plane epitaxial relationship with the substrate. Electron microscopy studies confirm the presence of epitaxy for the first few layers of the film at the interface, even though away from the interface the films are polycrystalline with a large number of extended defects suggesting the potential for further improvement in growth. X-Ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy show smooth film surfaces and interfaces between the substrate and the film. The films show strong light absorption near the band edge and photoluminescence in the visible region. The photodetector devices show fast and efficient photo response with the highest ON/OFF ratio reported for BaZrS3 films thus far. Our study opens up opportunities to realize epitaxial thin films, heterostructures, and superlattices of chalcogenide perovskites to probe fundamental physical phenomena and the resultant electronic and photonic device technologies. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Perovskite

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Gaussian curvature filter on 3d mesh

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tang, Wenming Gong, Yuanhao Liu, Kanglin Liu, Jun Pan, Wei Liu, Bozhi Qiu, Guoping College of Information Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen China School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Department of Research and Development OPT Machine Vision Tech Co. Ltd Jinsheng Road Changan Dongguan Guangdong523860 China School of Computer Science University of Nottingham NottinghamNG8 1BB United Kingdom

Minimizing Gaussian curvature of meshes is fundamentally important for obtaining smooth and developable surfaces. However, there is a lack of computationally efficient and robust Gaussian curvature optimization method. In this paper, we present a simple yet effective method that can efficiently reduce Gaussian curvature for 3D meshes. We first present the mathematical foundation of our method, which states that for any point on a developable surface there must be another point that lives on its tangent plane. Then, based on this theoretical insight, we introduce a simple and robust implicit Gaussian curvature optimization method named Gaussian Curvature Filter (GCF). GCF implicitly minimizes Gaussian curvature without the need to explicitly calculate the Gaussian curvature itself. GCF is highly efficient and is 20 times faster than the classical standard Gaussian curvature flow method. We present extensive experiments to demonstrate that GCF significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in minimizing Gaussian curvature, geometric feature preserving smoothing and mesh noise removal. This method can be used in a large range of applications that involve Gaussian curvature. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mesh generation

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Flatband-Induced Itinerant Ferromagnetism in RbCo2Se2

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Huang, Jianwei Wang, Zhicai Pang, Hongsheng Wu, Han Cao, Huibo Mo, Sung-Kwan Rustagi, Avinash Kemper, A.F. Wang, Meng Yi, Ming Birgeneau, R.J. Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of the Gifted Young University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230026 China Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Lab BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong510275 China Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States

ACo2Se2 (A=K,Rb,Cs) is a homologue of the iron-based superconductor, AFe2Se2. From a comprehensive study of RbCo2Se2 via measurements of magnetization, transport, neutron diffraction, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and first-principle calculations, we identify a ferromagnetic order accompanied by an orbital-dependent spin-splitting of the electronic dispersions. Furthermore, we identify the ordered moment to be dominated by a dx2−y2 flatband near the Fermi level, which exhibits the largest spin splitting across the ferromagnetic transition, suggesting an itinerant origin of the ferromagnetism. In the broader context of the iron-based superconductors, we find this dx2−y2 flatband to be a common feature in the band structures of both iron-chalcogenides and iron-pnictides, accessible via heavy electron doping. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Selenium compounds

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Phyllotaxis-inspired nanosieves with multiplexed orbital angular momentum

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Jin, Zhongwei Janoschka, David Deng, Junhong Ge, Lin Dreher, Pascal Frank, Bettina Hu, Guangwei Ni, Jincheng Yang, Yuanjie Li, Jing Yu, Changyuan Lei, Dangyuan Li, Guixin Xiao, Shumin Mei, Shengtao Giessen, Harald zu Heringdorf, Frank Meyer Qiu, Cheng-Wei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore117583 Singapore College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang University Hangzhou310018 China University of Duisburg–Essen Lotharstrasse 1-21 Duisburg47057 Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Beijing Qianjunyide Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing100031 China University of Stuttgart StuttgartD-70569 Germany School of Physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Nanophotonic platforms such as metasurfaces, achieving arbitrary phase profiles within ultrathin thickness, emerge as miniaturized, ultracompact and kaleidoscopic optical vortex generators. However, it is often required to segment or interleave independent sub-array metasurfaces to multiplex optical vortices in a single nano-device, which in turn affects the device’s compactness and channel capacity. Here, inspired by phyllotaxis patterns in pine cones and sunflowers, we theoretically prove and experimentally report that multiple optical vortices can be produced in a single compact phyllotaxis nanosieve, both in free space and on a chip, where one meta-atom may contribute to many vortices simultaneously. The time-resolved dynamics of on-chip interference wavefronts between multiple plasmonic vortices was revealed by ultrafast time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy. Our nature-inspired optical vortex generator would facilitate various vortex-related optical applications, including structured wavefront shaping, free-space and plasmonic vortices, and high-capacity information metaphotonics. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plasmonics

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