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23rd IFToMM China International Conference on Mechanism and Machine science and engineering, IFToMM CCMMS 2022

作者： Chen, Meng Zhang, Chongfeng Qin, Xiaofei Ma, Jia Zhang, Wenqi Shanghai Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Mechanism Shanghai201108 China Institute of Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai Shanghai201109 China Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology Shanghai201109 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811993978

For the requirements of multi-modal man–machine interaction between astronauts and robots in lunar surface exploration, research on three interaction modes and test system based on speech, body posture and tactile recognition are carried out. An improved speech feature classification and recognition algorithm based on Mel-scale Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), a three-stage body posture recognition algorithm based on target detection—node recognition—skeleton action recognition, and a tactile recognition algorithm based on Radial Basis Function network (RBF) are proposed. In the body posture recognition algorithm, a lightweight CVC-Net model is developed based on the classical HourglassNet algorithm. Deep separable convolution, attention mechanism and improved up-sampling method are introduced. A lightweight network and adaptive graph convolution module for skeleton action recognition are designed by introducing the information of human body joints and skeleton vectors. Above algorithm is suitable for the embedded computing platform and can greatly reduce the number of module parameters while ensuring the detection accuracy. Based on the simulated lunar surface environment, lunar robot and simulated space suit, the ground test verification of three modes of command recognition is realized, which can meet the low power consumption, lightweight and real-time requirements of lunar robot for recognition algorithms and the embedded computing platform. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Once read is enough: domain-specific pretraining-free language models with cluster-guided sparse experts for long-tail domain knowledge 24

Once read is enough: domain-specific pretraining-free langua...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Fang Dong Mengyi Chen Jixian Zhou Yubin Shi Yixuan Chen Mingzhi Dong Yujiang Wang Dongsheng Li Xiaochen Yang Rui Zhu Robert Dick Qin Lv Fan Yang Tun Lu Ning Gu Li Shang China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research Suzhou China University of Bath and China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Microsoft Research Asia Shanghai China School of Mathematics & Statistics University of Glasgow Bayes Business School City St George's University of London Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder School of Microelectronics Fudan University

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Language models (LMs) only pretrained on a general and massive corpus usually cannot attain satisfying performance on domain-specific downstream tasks, and hence, applying domain-specific pretraining to LMs is a common and indispensable practice. However, domain-specific pretraining can be costly and time-consuming, hindering LMs' deployment in real-world applications. In this work, we consider the incapability to memorize domain-specific knowledge embedded in the general corpus with rare occurrences and "long-tail" distributions as the leading cause for pretrained LMs' inferior downstream performance. Analysis of Neural Tangent Kernels (NTKs) reveals that those long-tail data are commonly overlooked in the model's gradient updates and, consequently, are not effectively memorized, leading to poor domain-specific downstream performance. Based on the intuition that data with similar semantic meaning are closer in the embedding space, we devise a Cluster-guided Sparse Expert (CSE) layer to actively learn long-tail domain knowledge typically neglected in previous pretrained LMs. During pretraining, a CSE layer efficiently clusters domain knowledge together and assigns long-tail knowledge to designate extra experts. CSE is also a lightweight structure that only needs to be incorporated in several deep layers. With our training strategy, we found that during pretraining, data of long-tail knowledge gradually formulate isolated, "outlier" clusters in an LM's representation spaces, especially in deeper layers. Our experimental results show that only pretraining CSE-based LMs is enough to achieve superior performance than regularly pretrained-finetuned LMs on various downstream tasks, implying the prospects of domain-specific-pretraining-free language models.

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FM-FCN:A Neural Network with Filtering Modules for Accurate Vital Signs Extraction

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Research 2025年第1期2024卷 92-106页

作者： Fangfang Zhu Qichao Niu Xiang Li Qi Zhao Honghong Su Jianwei Shuai Department of Physics and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress BiologyInnovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Vitalsilicon Technology Co.Ltd. JiaxingZhejiang 314006China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University ZhejiangJiaxing 314006China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325001China Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou 325001China

Neural networks excel at capturing local spatial patterns through convolutional modules,but they may struggle to identify and effectively utilize the morphological and amplitude periodic nature of physiological *** this work,we propose a novel network named filtering module fully convolutional network(FM-FCN),which fuses traditional filtering techniques with neural networks to amplify physiological signals and suppress ***,instead of using a fully connected layer,we use an FCN to preserve the time-dimensional correlation information of physiological signals,enabling multiple cycles of signals in the network and providing a basis for signal ***,we introduce the FM as a network module that adapts to eliminate unwanted interference,leveraging the structure of the *** approach builds a bridge between deep learning and signal processing ***,we evaluate the performance of FM-FCN using remote *** results demonstrate that FM-FCN outperforms the second-ranked method in terms of both blood volume pulse(BVP)signal and heart rate(HR)*** substantially improves the quality of BVP waveform reconstruction,with a decrease of 20.23%in mean absolute error(MAE)and an increase of 79.95%in signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).Regarding HR estimation accuracy,FM-FCN achieves a decrease of 35.85%in MAE,29.65%in error standard deviation,and 32.88%decrease in 95%limits of agreement width,meeting clinical standards for HR accuracy *** results highlight its potential in improving the accuracy and reliability of vital sign measurement through high-quality BVP signal *** codes and datasets are available online at https://***/zhaoqi106/FM-FCN.

关键词： physiological signalsin filtering module fully convolutional network fm fcn which vital signs extraction amplify physiological signals convolutional modulesbut neural networks filtering module capturing local spatial patterns

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Quantitative Electrostatic Potential Mapping in Dense Polycrystalline Functional Materials and Devices

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 280-281页

作者： Durham, Daniel B. Aabrar, Khandker Akif Ravindran, Prasanna Venkatesan Zaluzec, Nestor J. Stan, Liliana Khan, Asif Islam Datta, Suman Guha, Supratik Phatak, Charudatta Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Photon Sciences Directorate Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago Chicago IL United States

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On-chip terahertz orbital angular momentum demultiplexer

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1044-1054页

作者： XIAOHAN JIANG WANYING LIU QUAN XU YUANHAO LANG YIKAI FU FAN HUANG HAITAO DAI YANFENG LI XUEQIAN ZHANG JIANQIANG GU JIAGUANG HAN WEILI ZHANG Center for Terahertz Waves College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineeringand Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology(Ministry of Education)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing School of Optoelectronic EngineeringGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma 74078USA

The terahertz regime is widely recognized as a fundamental domain with significant potential to address the demands of next-generation wireless *** parallel,mode division multiplexing based on orbital angular momentum(OAM)shows promise in enhancing bandwidth utilization,thereby expanding the overall communication channel *** this study,we present both theoretical and experimental demonstrations of an on-chip terahertz OAM *** device effectively couples and steers seven incident terahertz vortex beams into distinct high-quality focusing surface plasmonic beams,and the focusing directions can be arbitrarily *** proposed design strategy integrates space-to-chip mode conversion,OAM recognition,and on-chip routing in a compact space with subwavelength thickness,exhibiting versatility and superior performance.

关键词： demultiplexer momentum angular

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Enhancement of Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy Through Auxiliary Microspheres for Microscopic Observation 14

Enhancement of Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy Through Au...

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14th IEEE International Conference on Cyber Technology in Automation, Control, and Intelligent Systems, CYBER 2024

作者： Zhang, Feng Jin, Zijian Jiang, Chaodi Yuan, Shuai Yang, Yongliang Wang, Xiaoduo School of Electrical & Control Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Liaoning Province Shenyang110168 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Liaoning Province Shenyang110168 China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang110016 China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110169 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506056

At present, it is still a great challenge to improve the observation accuracy of two-photon fluorescence microscope. A new method that using auxiliary microspheres as movable components on the sample is proposed to solve this challenge in this study, it can improve high-resolution imaging. In experiments using two-photon fluorescence microscopy, the half-width height (FWHM) of red fluorescent nanoparticles with a diameter of 20 nm was observed to be 296 nm using a primitive microscope system. In this paper by combining barium titanate microspheres with two-photon fluorescence microscopy, the accuracy of the point spread function of the nanoparticles can be improved by a factor of about 1.65, which results in a significant reduction of their half-width height measurements to 179 nm. The research is of great significance to improve the resolution of two-photon fluorescence microscope. This progress is very valuable for studying biological tissues and cell structures, it provides a new impetus for the sustainable development in the microscopic imaging field. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Microspheres

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Research on Biomimetic Design Methods for Humanoid Robot Thigh

Research on Biomimetic Design Methods for Humanoid Robot Thi...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Nie, Daming Xie, Anhuan Kong, Lingyu Zhang, Yu Zheng, Gang Fu, Yili Gu, Jason Zhejiang Laboratory Intelligent Robot Research Center Hangzhou311100 China Zhejiang University of Science and Technology School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Hangzhou311100 China Dalhousie University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HalifaxB3M 1A2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

Human bones have formed the preferred configuration for high-strength and lightweight after long-time evolution. Taking human's longest and strongest bone - the femur - as an example, it is consist of two characteristic layers, i.e. the substantia compacta and the substantia spongiosd. This article innovatively imitates the structural characteristics of human femur, the thigh of humanoid robot is designed in form of "variable thickness shell + variable density lattice". The thickness of shell and the density of lattice are adjusted by the initial stress distribution individually. Results show that the weight of shell and lattice of the thigh structure can be reduced by 20% under reasonable mapping relationship of "stress - shell thickness"and "stress - lattice rod diameter", while the structural stiffness meets the application requirements. Finally, the limiting factors of the "variable thickness shell + variable density lattice"structure designing approach are analyzed, and potential measures for optimizing the design method of the humanoid robot thigh in the future are described. © 2023 IEEE.

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A nano-sheet graphene-based enhanced thermal radiation composite for passive heat dissipation from vehicle batteries

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Nano Materials science 2024年第4期6卷 443-455页

作者： Ji-Xiang Wang Christopher Salmean Jiaxin Li Chaojie Lei Jun Li Mingliang Zhong Bo Qi Yufeng Mao Hebei Key Laboratory of Man-machine Environmental Thermal Control Technology and Equipment Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringHebei 054000PR China College of Electrical Energy and Power EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009PR China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong SARPR China China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing100076PR China Beijing Sino-Spark Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing100191PR China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou215009PR China Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610209PR China National Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610209PR China Taizhou Wavexploration Energy Ltd. Taizhou225513PR China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoM5S3G4Canada

In response to thermal runaway(TR)of electric vehicles,recent attention has been focused on mitigation strategies such as efficient heat dredging in battery thermal *** management with particular focus on battery cooling has been becoming increasingly *** usually happened when an electric vehicle is unpowered and *** this state,traditional active battery cooling schemes are disabled,which can easily lead to dangerous incidents due to loss of cooling ability,and advanced passive cooling strategies are therefore gaining ***,we developed an enhanced thermal radiation material,consisting of~1μm thick multilayered nano-sheet graphene film coated upon the heat dissipation surface,thereby enhancing thermal radiation in the *** surface was characterized on the nanoscale,and tested in a battery-cooling *** found that the graphene-based coating's spectral emissivity is between 91% and 95% in the mid-infrared region,and thermal experiments consequently illustrated that graphene-based radiative cooling yielded up to15.1% temperature reduction when compared to the uncoated *** the novel graphene surface to augment a heat pipe,the temperature reduction can be further enlarged to 25.6%.The new material may contribute to transportation safety,global warming mitigation and carbon neutralization.

关键词： Battery thermal management Nano-sheet graphene Functional material Passive cooling Thermal radiation

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Protein-Folding Inspired Programmable Control System for Robot Swarms

Protein-Folding Inspired Programmable Control System for Rob...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Zhang, Feng Gu, Yuping Wang, Zebin Yuan, Shuai Yang, Yongliang School of Electrical and Control Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Liaoning Shenyang110168 China Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang110016 China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Liaoning Shenyang110106 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Liaoning Shenyang110168 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

In swarm robotics, most of the control algorithms are inspired by the behaviors of animal swarms. The capability gap between robots and animals, however, hinders the reliability of these algorithms. Toward developing reliable algorithms of robot swarms, a promising solution is learning from the collective behaviors of low-intelligent natural swarms, such as cell collectives and molecular assemblies. Here, we proposed a programmable control system inspired by protein folding. Using our homemade RoboFold platform, we demonstrated a protein-folding inspired programmable control method for robot swarms. By programming and designing the sequence of a thread of protein-like robots, the developed system can mimic the formation of hierarchical structures in robot swarms as the three-level of protein structures. We quantitatively characterized the specific features of self-organized morphologies. The experimental results together demonstrated the feasibility of this method. To summarize, this work successfully translated the principles of protein-folding into programming methods to control the morphology of robot swarms. Considering that the protein folding problem is essentially a physicochemical problem, this system is not only beneficial for the control of swarm robots but also has the potential to develop into a tool for studying the protein folding problem. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Robot programming

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Graphene Bridge Heterostructure Devices for Negative Differential Transconductance Circuit Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第2期15卷 161-171页

作者： Minjong Lee Tae Wook Kim Chang Yong Park Kimoon Lee Takashi Taniguchi Kenji Watanabe Min‑gu Kim Do Kyung Hwang Young Tack Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA Center for Opto‑Electronic Materials and Devices Post‑Silicon Semiconductor InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Physics Kunsan National UniversityGunsan 54150Republic of Korea Advanced Materials Laboratory National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukuba 305‑0044Japan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea Division of Nanoscience and Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)material-based heterostructure devices have been widely studied for high-end electronic applications owing to their heterojunction *** this study,we demonstrate graphene(Gr)-bridge heterostructure devices consisting of laterally series-connected ambipolar semiconductor/Gr-bridge/n-type molybdenum disulfide as a channel material for field-effect transistors(FET).Unlike conventional FET operation,our Gr-bridge devices exhibit nonclassical transfer characteristics(humped transfer curve),thus possessing a negative differential *** phenomena are interpreted as the operating behavior in two series-connected FETs,and they result from the gate-tunable contact capacity of the Gr-bridge ***-value logic inverters and frequency tripler circuits are successfully demonstrated using ambipolar semiconductors with narrow-and wide-bandgap materials as more advanced circuit applications based on non-classical transfer ***,we believe that our innovative and straightforward device structure engineering will be a promising technique for future multi-functional circuit applications of 2D nanoelectronics.

关键词： Graphene bridge Heterostructure device Non-classical transfer characteristics Multi-value logic inverter Frequency tripler

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