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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Jieting Zhao Hanjing Ye Yu Zhan Hao Luan Hong Zhang Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering SUSTech Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Department of Computer Science School of Computing National University of Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

Reliable Human Orientation Estimation (HOE) from a monocular image is critical for autonomous agents to understand human intention. Significant progress has been made in HOE under full observation. However, the existing methods easily make a wrong prediction under partial observation and give it an unexpectedly high confidence. To solve the above problems, this study first develops a method called Part-HOE that estimates orientation from the visible joints of a target person so that it is able to handle partial observation. Subsequently, we introduce a confidence-aware orientation estimation method, enabling more accurate orientation estimation and reasonable confidence estimation under partial observation. The effectiveness of our method is validated on both public and custom-built datasets, and it shows great accuracy and reliability improvement in partial observation scenarios. In particular, we show in real experiments that our method can benefit the robustness and consistency of the Robot Person Following (RPF) task.

关键词： Accuracy Filtering Estimation Robustness Autonomous agents Intelligent robots

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Smart Infant Monitoring System Using computer vision and AI

Smart Infant Monitoring System Using Computer Vision and AI

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology, eIT 2023

作者： Singh, Gurpreet Shekhar, Abhishek Raj Yu, Xinrui Saniie, Jafar Illinois Institute of Technology Embedded Computing and Signal Processing Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ChicagoIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665493765

The new era of technology is being greatly influenced by the field of artificial intelligence. computer vision and deep learning have become increasingly important due to their ability to process vast amounts of data and provide insights and solutions in a variety of fields. computer vision, deep learning and signal analysis have been used in a growing number of applications and services including smart devices, image, and speech recognition, healthcare, etc., one such device is an infant monitoring system. It monitors the daily activities of the infant such as their sleeping patterns, sounds, and movements. In this paper, deep learning and computer vision libraries were used to develop algorithms to detect whether the infant was in any uncomfortable situation such as sleeping on its back, face being covered and whether the infant was awake. The smart infant monitoring system detects the infant's unsafe resting situation in real time and sent immediate alerts to the caretaker's device. This paper presents the design flow of a smart infant monitoring system consisting of a night vision camera, a Jetson Nano, and a Wi-Fi internet connection. The pose estimation and awake detection algorithms were developed and tested successfully for different infant resting/sleeping situations. The smart infant monitoring system provides significant benefits for safety and an improved understanding of infants' sleep patterns and behavior. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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Sequential Transfer with Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Feature Selection of Small, High-Dimensional Datasets

Sequential Transfer with Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm f...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Parth C. Upadhyay G. N. DeSouza John A. Lory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Vision-Guided and Intelligent Robotics (ViGIR) Laboratory Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO

ISBN: (数字)9798350308365

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308372

Performing feature selection on a small number of instances with high-dimensional datasets poses a needed challenge in preventing over-fitting. To address this issue, this paper proposes a sequential transfer-learning approach combined with a multi-objective genetic algorithm (STMO-GA) for feature selection. Firstly, for the multi-objective component of our method, we employ a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) to generate a Pareto front. Then, features are ranked based on their number of appearances in the same Pareto front. Next, during the sequential knowledge transfer process, the ranked features are iteratively selected until a predetermined $n$ number of features remains. This feature subspace is further refined by a k-fold cross-validation operation, starting from the rank-one feature, to determine the cut-off of the $n$ features that will remain. Comparative evaluations against both GA-based as well as traditional feature selection methods demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior classification accuracy, while retaining the smallest number or a comparable number of features.

关键词： Accuracy Evolutionary computation Feature extraction Genetics Linear programming Robustness Optimization

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Spectral period doubling and encoding of dissipative optical solitons via gain control

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PhotoniX 2024年第1期5卷 290-305页

作者： Kangwen Yang Yi Zhou Yuqing Ling Kevin K.Tsia Heping Zeng Kenneth K.Y.Wong Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System and Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and SystemMinistry of EducationSchool of Optical Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science ParkHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

Period-doubling bifurcation,as an intermediate state between order and chaos,is ubiquitous in all disciplines of nonlinear ***,previous experimental observations of period doubling in ultrafast fiber lasers are mainly restricted to self-sustained steady state,controllable manipulation and dynamic switching between period doubling and other intriguing dynamical states are still largely ***,we propose to expand the vision of dissipative soliton periodic doubling,which we illustrate experimentally by reporting original spontaneous,collisional,and controllable spectral period doubling in a polarization-maintaining ultrafast fiber ***,the spontaneous period doubling can be observed in both single-and *** mechanism of the switchable state and periodic doubling was revealed by numerical ***,state transformation of individual solitons can be resolved during the collision of triple solitons involving stationary,oscillating,and period ***,controllable deterministic switching between period doubling and other dynamical states,as well as exemplifying the application of period-doubling-based digital encoding,is achieved under programmable pump *** results open a new window for unveiling complex Hopf bifurcation in dissipative systems and bring useful insights into nonlinear science and applications.

关键词： Period doubling Mode locking Ultrafast fiber lasers

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MSMB-GCN: Multi-scale Multi-branch Fusion Graph Convolutional Networks for 3D Human Pose Estimation

MSMB-GCN: Multi-scale Multi-branch Fusion Graph Convolutiona...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Ji, Shanshan Meng, Qiwei Wang, Wen Lin, Zheyuan Li, Te Wan, Minhong Zhang, Chunlong Gu, Jason Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Innovation Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Intelligent Robotics Hangzhou311100 China Dalhousie University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

In human-robot interaction (HRI), human pose estimation is a necessary technology for the robot to perceive the dynamic environment and make interactive actions. Recently, graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have been increasingly used for 2D to 3D pose estimation tasks since the skeleton topologies can be viewed as graph structures. In this paper, we propose a novel graph convolutional network architecture, Multi-scale Multi-branch Fusion Graph Convolutional Networks (MSMB-GCN), for 3D Human Pose Estimation(3D HPE) task. The proposed model consists of multiple GCN blocks with a multi-branch architecture. This multi-branch architecture enables the model to get multi-scale features for human skeletal representations. The group of GCN blocks, which has strong multi-level feature extraction capabilities, allows the model to learn global and local features, lower-level and higher-level features. Experiment results on the HumanPose benchmark demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art and ablation studies validate the effectiveness of our approach. © 2023 IEEE.

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Energy Minimization using Custom-Designed Magnetic-Spring Actuators

Energy Minimization using Custom-Designed Magnetic-Spring Ac...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Yue Yang Fu Ali U. Kilic David J. Braun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering SyBBURE Searle Undergraduate Research Program Vanderbilt University Advanced Robotics and Control Laboratory Advanced Robotics and Control Laboratory Vanderbilt University

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

This study introduces an innovative actuator that resembles a motor with a non-uniform permanent magnetic field. We have developed a prototype of the actuator by combining a standard motor, characterized by a uniform magnetic field, with a custom rotary magnetic spring exhibiting a non-uniform magnetic field. We have also presented a systematic computational approach to customize the magnetic field to minimize the energy consumption of the actuator when used for a user-defined oscillatory task. Experiments demonstrate that this optimized actuator significantly lowers energy consumption in a typical oscillatory task, such as pick-and-place or oscillatory limb motion during locomotion, compared to conventional motors. Our findings imply that incorporating task-optimized non-uniform permanent magnetic fields into conventional motors and direct-drive actuators could enhance the energy efficiency of robotic systems.

关键词： Actuators Energy consumption Limbs Systematics Prototypes Motors Minimization Magnetic fields Springs Standards

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Simulation to Reality Semantic Segmentation for Humanoid Soccer Robots 10

Simulation to Reality Semantic Segmentation for Humanoid Soc...

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10th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and robotics, QICAR 2024

作者： Gholami, Amir Nazari, Ahmadreza Rashnozadeh, Fatemeh Behvarmanesh, Pegah Rahmani, Arash Ramirez-Serrano, Alejandro Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Calgary CalgaryAB Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Calgary CalgaryAB Canada Mechatronics Research Laboratory Qazvin Islamic Azad University Qazvin Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348873

Deep learning methods like semantic segmentation have gained popularity in computer vision, but challenges remain, particularly in the lack of relevant datasets, such as for humanoid soccer robots. Manually annotating these datasets for segmentation is time-consuming and error-prone. To overcome this, we utilized realistic simulation to quickly generate large datasets and corresponding masks. This paper focuses on applying the u-net architecture on low-end hardware, using a synthetic dataset for training. To evaluate the model, a real annotated dataset was created. Although our Sim-to-Real approach produced a dataset close to reality, the results were unsatisfactory. To address this, transfer learning was employed to fine-tune the network and achieve better accuracy in a real environment. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Safe Multi-Robotic Arm Interaction via 3D Convex Shapes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kaypak, Ali Umut Wei, Shiqing Krishnamurthy, Prashanth Khorrami, Farshad Control/Robotics Research Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Tandon School of Engineering New York University BrooklynNY11201 United States

Inter-robot collisions pose a significant safety risk when multiple robotic arms operate in close proximity. We present an online collision avoidance methodology leveraging 3D convex shape-based High-Order Control Barrier Functions (HOCBFs) to address this issue. While prior works focused on using Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) for human–robotic arm and single-arm collision avoidance, we explore the problem of collision avoidance between multiple robotic arms operating in a shared space. In our methodology, we utilize the proposed HOCBFs as centralized and decentralized safety filters. These safety filters are compatible with any nominal controller and ensure safety without significantly restricting the robots’ workspace. A key challenge in implementing these filters is the computational overhead caused by the large number of safety constraints and the computation of a Hessian matrix per constraint. We address this challenge by employing numerical differentiation methods to approximate computationally intensive terms. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated through extensive simulation studies and real-world experiments with Franka research 3 robotic arms. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Review of Inference Time Prediction Approaches of DNN: Emphasis on Service robots with cloud-edge-device architecture

Review of Inference Time Prediction Approaches of DNN: Empha...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Xiang, Tian Meng, Qiwei Zhang, Ji Zhang, Beibei Song, Wei Xie, Anhuan Gu, Jason Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Innovation Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Intelligent Robotics Hangzhou311100 China The Chinese University of Hong Kong T Stone Robotics Institute Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering Hong Kong Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Intelligent Computing Software Hangzhou311100 China Dalhousie University Electrical and Computer Engineering Halifax Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

In recent years, the global robot market has witnessed substantial growth, particularly in the domain of service robots. Despite their expanding presence, service robots encounter limitations when operating autonomously in unstructured environments, primarily due to their constrained computational capacities. As a solution, the fusion of cloud and edge computing resources becomes imperative to expedite task inference and enhance scenario perception capabilities. The integration of cloud-edge-device models holds significant promise in bolstering the operational efficiency of robots. This entails the dynamic partitioning of intricate robotic tasks, executed collaboratively across cloud, edge, and device resources. In this landscape, deep neural network (DNN) models play a pivotal role in facilitating a wide array of robotic tasks. The inference time for each layer of a DNN model in actual deployment, emerges as a critical determinant in the model's partitioning strategy. It also serves as an important metric influencing the model's suitability for a specific hardware platform. This article presents an overview of recent advancements in predicting inference and training time of DNN models, summarizes the related methods, and finally discusses the challenges in this field and the research that can be studied in the future. © 2023 IEEE.

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Confidence-Aware Safe and Stable Control of Control-Affine Systems

Confidence-Aware Safe and Stable Control of Control-Affine S...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Shiqing Wei Prashanth Krishnamurthy Farshad Khorrami Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NYU Tandon Control/Robotics Research Laboratory School of Engineering 5 Metrotech Center Brooklyn NY USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350382655

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382662

Designing control inputs that satisfy safety requirements is crucial in safety-critical nonlinear control, and this task becomes particularly challenging when full-state measurements are unavailable. In this work, we address the problem of synthesizing safe and stable control for control-affine systems via output feedback (using an observer) while reducing the estimation error of the observer. To achieve this, we adapt control Lyapunov function (CLF) and control barrier function (CBF) techniques to the output feedback setting. Building upon the existing CLF-CBF-QP (Quadratic Program) and CBF-QP frameworks, we formulate two confidence-aware optimization problems and establish the Lipschitz continuity of the obtained solutions. To validate our approach, we conduct simulation studies on two illustrative examples. The simulation studies indicate both improvements in the observer's estimation accuracy and the fulfillment of safety and control requirements.

关键词： Accuracy Observers Control systems Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Safety Trajectory Task analysis

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