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Kernel-based recognition of Human Actions Using Spatiotemporal Salient Points

Kernel-based Recognition of Human Actions Using Spatiotempor...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： A. Oikonomopoulos I. Patras M. Pantic Computing Department Imperial College London UK Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Group University of York UK

This paper addresses the problem of human action recognition by introducing a sparse representation of image sequences as a collection of spatiotemporal events that are localized at points that are salient both in space and time. We detect the spatiotemporal salient points by measuring the variations in the information content of pixel neighborhoods not only in space but also in time. We derive a suitable distance measure between the representations, which is based on the Chamfer distance, and we optimize this measure with respect to a number of temporal and scaling parameters. In this way we achieve invariance against scaling, while at the same time, we eliminate the temporal differences between the representations. We use Relevance Vector Machines (RVM) in order to address the classification problem. We propose new kernels for use by the RVM, which are specifically tailored to the proposed spatiotemporal salient point representation. The basis of these kernels is the optimized Chamfer distance of the previous step. We present results on real image sequences from a small database depicting people performing 19 aerobic exercises.

关键词： Humans Spatiotemporal phenomena pattern recognition computer vision Image recognition Image sequences Detectors Entropy Image retrieval Educational institutions

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Fast single image dehazing through Edge-Guided Interpolated Filter

Fast single image dehazing through Edge-Guided Interpolated ...

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IAPR International Conference on Machine vision Applications (MVA)

作者： Ximei Zhu Ying Li Yu Qiao Shenzhen Key lab of Computer Vision Pattern Recognition The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982479

Images and videos taken in foggy weather often suffer from low visibility. Recent studies demonstrate the effectiveness of dark channel prior [3] and guided filter [4] based approaches for image dehazing. However, these methods require high computational cost which makes them infeasible for realtime and embedding systems. In this paper, we propose Edge-Guided Interpolated Filter (EGIF) for fast image and video dehazing. The main contributions are twofold. Firstly, we develop Guided Interpolated Filter (GIF) to significantly speed up the estimation of transmission map, which is the most computational cost step in previous methods. Secondly, we utilize edge map as guidance image in GIF to enhance the fine details in dehazed images. Experimental results show that GIF can largely improve the computational efficiency and achieve comparable dehazing performance as previous guided filter based methods. EGIF can further enhance the sharpness of transmission map. Our method can achieve real-time processing for image of size 1024 × 768 with single CPU core (2GHz).

关键词： Image edge detection Interpolation Videos Real-time systems Image restoration computer vision Atmosphere

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Off-line Handwritten Thai Name recognition for Student Identification in an Automated Assessment System

Off-line Handwritten Thai Name Recognition for Student Ident...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Hemmaphan Suwanwiwat Vu Nguyen Michael Blumenstein Umapada Pal School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914821

In the field of pattern recognition, off-line handwriting recognition is one of the most intensive areas of study. This paper proposes an automatic off-line Thai language student name identification system which was built as a part of a completed off-line automated assessment system. There is limited work undertaken in developing off-line automatic assessment systems using handwriting recognition. To the authors' knowledge, none of the work on the proposed system has been performed on the Thai language. In addition the proposed system recognises each Thai name by using an approach for whole word recognition, which is different from the work found in the literature as most perform character-based recognition. In this proposed system, the Gaussian Grid Feature (GGF) and the Modified Direction Feature (MDF) extraction techniques are investigated on upper and lower contours, loops from full word contour images of each name sample, and artificial neural networks and support vector machine are used as classifiers. The encouraging recognition rates for both feature extraction techniques were achieved when applied on loop, upper and lower contour images (99.27% accuracy rate was achieved using MDF on artificial neural networks and 99.27% using GGF with a support vector machine classifier).

关键词： Off-line handwriting recognition Automated assessment system Student identification system Modified directional feature Gaussian grid feature

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SVM Based Scheme for Thai and English Script Identification

SVM Based Scheme for Thai and English Script Identification

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International Conference on Document Analysis and recognition

作者： S. Chanda O.R. Terrades U. Pal Indian Statistical Institute Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Kolkata India Computer Vision Center Universitat Authnòma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain

In some Thai documents, a single text line of a document page may contain both Thai and English scripts. For the optical character recognition (OCR) of such a document page it is better to identify, at first, Thai and English script portions and then to use individual OCR system of the respective scripts on these identified portions. In this paper, a SVM based method is proposed for identification of word-wise printed English and Thai scripts from a single line of a document page. Here, at first, the document is segmented into lines and then lines are segmented into character groups (words). In the proposed scheme, we identify the script of the individual character group combining different character features obtained from structural shape, profile, component overlapping information, topological properties, water reservoir concept etc. Based on the experiment on 6110 data we obtained 99.36% script identification accuracy from the proposed scheme.

关键词： Support vector machines Optical character recognition software Support vector machine classification computer vision Optical network units Structural shapes Water resources Reservoirs Neural networks pattern recognition

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Gene Expression Clustering: a Novel Graph Partitioning Approach

Gene Expression Clustering: a Novel Graph Partitioning Appro...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Yanhua Chen Ming Dong Manjeet Rege Machine Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit MI USA

In order to help understand how the genes are affected by different disease conditions in a biological system, clustering is typically performed to analyze gene expression data. In this paper, we propose to solve the clustering problem using a graph theoretical approach, and apply a novel graph partitioning model -isoperimetric graph partitioning (IGP), to group biological samples from gene expression data. The IGP algorithm has several advantages compared to the well-established spectral graph partitioning (SGP) model. First, IGP requires a simple solution to a sparse system of linear equations instead of the eigen-problem in the SGP model. Second, IGP avoids degenerate cases produced by spectral approach to achieve a partition with higher accuracy. Moreover, we integrate unsupervised gene selection into the proposed approach through two-way ordering of gene expression data, such that we can eliminate irrelevant or redundant genes in the data and obtain an improved clustering result. We evaluate our approach on several well-known problems involving gene expression profiles of colon cancer and leukemia subtypes. Our experiment results demonstrate that IGP constantly outperforms SGP and produces a better result that is closer to the original labeling of sample sets provided by domain experts. Furthermore, the clustering accuracy is improved significantly when IGP is integrated with the unsupervised gene (feature) selection.

关键词： Gene expression Biological system modeling Diseases Biological systems Data analysis Performance analysis Clustering algorithms Partitioning algorithms Equations Colon

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Automatic object segmentation from large scale 3D urban point clouds through manifold embedded mode seeking 11

Automatic object segmentation from large scale 3D urban poin...

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19th ACM International Conference on Multimedia ACM Multimedia 2011, MM'11

作者： Yu, Zhiding Xu, Chunjing Liu, Jianzhuang Au, Oscar C. Tang, Xiaoou Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306164

This paper presents a system that can automatically segment objects in large scale 3D point clouds obtained from urban ranging images. The system consists of three steps: The first one involves a ground detection process that can detect relatively complex terrain and separate it from other objects. The second step superpixelizes the remaining objects to speed up the segmentation process. In the final step, a manifold embedded mode seeking method is adopted to segment the point clouds. Even though the segmentation of urban objects is a challenging problem in terms of accuracy and problem scale, our system can efficiently generate very good segmentation results. The proposed manifold learning effectively improves the segmentation performance due to the fact that continuous artificial objects often have manifold-like structures. Copyright 2011 ACM.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Classifiability based omnivariate decision trees

Classifiability based omnivariate decision trees

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Y. Li M. Dong Machine Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit MI USA

Decision trees represent a simple and powerful method of induction from labeled examples. Univariate decision trees consider the value of a single attribute at each node, leading to the splits that are parallel to the axes. In linear multivariate decision trees, all the attributes are used and the partition at each node is based on a linear discriminate (a hyperplane). Nonlinear multivariate decision trees are able to divide the input space arbitrarily based on higher order parameterizations of the discriminate, though one should be aware of the increase of the complexity and the decrease in the number of examples available as moves further down the tree. In omnivariate decision trees, the decision node may be univariate, linear, or nonlinear. Such architecture frees the designer from choosing the appropriate tree type for a given problem. In this paper, we propose to do the model selection at each decision node based on a novel classifiability measure when building omnivariate decision trees. The classifiability measure captures the possible sources of misclassification with relative ease and is able to accurately reflect the complexity of subproblems at each node. The proposed approach does not require the time consuming statistic tests at each node and therefore does not suffer from as high computational burden as typical model selection algorithm. Our simulation results over several data sets indicate that our approach can achieve at least as good classification accuracy as statistical tests based model select algorithms, but in much faster speed.

关键词： Classification tree analysis Decision trees Testing Shape Machine vision pattern recognition Laboratories computer science Buildings Statistical analysis

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Stroke Segmentation and recognition from Bangla Online Handwritten Text

Stroke Segmentation and Recognition from Bangla Online Handw...

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International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting recognition

作者： Nilanjana Bhattacharya Umapada Pal Bose Institute Kolkata India Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India

This paper deals with recognition of online handwritten Bangla (Bengali) text. Here, at first, we segment cursive words into strokes. A stroke may represent a character or a part of a character. We selected a set of Bangla words written by different groups of people such that they contain all basic characters, all vowel and consonant modifiers and almost all types of possible joining among them. For segmentation of text into strokes, we discovered some rules analyzing different joining patterns of Bangla characters. Combination of online and offline information was used for segmentation. We achieved correct segmentation rate of 97.89% on the dataset. We manually analyzed different strokes to create a ground truth set of distinct stroke classes for result verification and we obtained 85 stroke classes. Directional features were used in SVM for recognition and we achieved correct stroke recognition rate of 97.68%.

关键词： Support vector machines Handwriting recognition Image segmentation Gold Writing Feature extraction Character recognition

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A Study on Word-Level Multi-script Identification from Video Frames

A Study on Word-Level Multi-script Identification from Video...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Nabin Sharma Umapada Pal Michael Blumenstein School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914821

The presence of multiple scripts in multi-lingual document images makes Optical Character recognition (OCR) of such documents a challenging task. Due to the unavailability of a single OCR system which can handle multiple scripts, script identification becomes an essential step for choosing the appropriate OCR. Although, there are various techniques available for script identification from handwritten and printed documents having simple backgrounds, however script identification from video frames has been seldom explored. Video frames are coloured and suffer from low resolution, blur, complex background and noise to mention a few, which makes the script identification process a challenging task. This paper presents a study of various combinations of features and classifiers to explore whether the traditional script identification techniques can be applied to video frames. A texture based feature namely, Local Binary pattern (LBP), Gradient based features namely, Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HoG) and Gradient Local Auto-Correlation (GLAC) were used in the study. Combination of the features with SVMs and ANNs where used for classification. Three popular scripts, namely English, Bengali and Hindi were considered in the present study. Due to the inherent problems with the video, a super resolution technique was applied as a pre-processing step. Experiments show that the GLAC feature has performed better than the other features, and an accuracy of 94.25% was achieved when testing on 1271 words from three different scripts. The study also reveals that gradient features are more suitable for script identification than the texture features when using traditional script identification techniques on video frames.

关键词： Video document analysis Script identification Word segmentation OCR

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Even big data is not enough: need for a novel reference modelling for forensic document authentication

Even big data is not enough: need for a novel reference mode...

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作者： Garain, Utpal Halder, Biswajit Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit and Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Indian Statistical Institute 203 B. T. Road Kolkata700108 India Department of CSE Narula Institute of Technology Agarpara Kolkata700109 India

With the emergence of big data, deep learning (DL) approaches are becoming quite popular in many branches of science. Forensic science is no longer an exception. However, there are certain problems in forensic science where the solutions would hardly benefit from the recent advances in DL algorithms. Document authentication is one such problem where we can have many reference samples, and with the big data scenario probably we would have even more number of reference samples but number of defective or forged samples will remain an issue. Experts often encounter situations where there is no or hardly a scanty number of forged samples available. In such situation, employment of data-hungry algorithms would be inefficient as they will not be able to learn the forged samples properly. This paper addresses this problem and proposes a novel reference modelling framework for forensic document authentication. The approach is based on Mahalanobis space. Two questioned document examination problems have been studied to show the effectiveness of our reference modelling algorithm which has also been compared to a commonly used learning approach, namely neural network-based classification. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Big data

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