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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： M. Dong Xu-Shen Zhou Machine Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit MI USA Department of Finance and Legal Studies College of Business Bloomsburg University Bloomsburg PA USA

Over the last two decades, artificial neural networks (ANN) have been applied to solve a variety of problems such as pattern classification and function approximation. In many applications, it is desirable to extract knowledge from trained neural networks for the users to gain a better understanding of the network's solution. In this paper, we apply REFANN (rule extraction from function approximating neural networks) in dividend events study. Based on our study of 1530 dividend initiations and 692 resumptions events from April 1965 to December 2000, we find that the positive relation between the short-term price reaction and the ratio of annualized dividend amount to stock price is primarily limited to 96 firms that have high dividend ratio and small firm size. The results suggest that the degree of short-term stock price underreaction to dividend events may not be as dramatic as previously believed. The results also show that the relations between the stock price response and firm size is also different across different types of firms. It is suggested that drawing the conclusions from the whole dividend events data may leave some important information unexamined. Our rule extraction method may shed some lights on further empirical research in corporate events studies because more information can be drawn from the data.

关键词： Neural networks Artificial neural networks Function approximation Data mining Biological neural networks Machine vision pattern recognition Laboratories computer science Finance

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Erratum to “Identification of different scripts lines from multi-script documents” [Image and vision Computing 20 (2002) 945–954]

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Image and vision Computing 2003年第11期21卷 1017-1017页

作者： U. Pal B.B. Chaudhuri Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 B.T. Road Calcutta 700 035 India

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Motion competition: Variational integration of motion segmentation and shape regularization

Motion competition: Variational integration of motion segmen...

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24th German Association for pattern recognition Symposium, DAGM 2002

作者： Cremers, Daniel Schnörr, Christoph Computer Vision Graphics and Pattern Recognition Group Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Mannheim MannheimD–68131 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)354044209X

We present a variational method for the segmentation of piecewise affine flow fields. Compared to other approaches to motion segmentation, we minimize a single energy functional both with respect to the affine motion models in the separate regions and with respect to the shape of the separating contour. In the manner of region competition, the evolution of the segmenting contour is driven by a force which aims at maximizing a homogeneity measure with respect to the estimated motion in the adjoining regions. We compare segmentations obtained for the models of piecewise affine motion, piecewise constant motion, and piecewise constant intensity. For objects which cannot be discriminated from the background by their appearance, the desired motion segmentation is obtained, although the corresponding segmentation based on image intensities fails. The region– based formulation facilitates convergence of the contour from its initialization over fairly large distances, and the estimated discontinuous flow field is progressively improved during the gradient descent minimization. By including in the variational method a statistical shape prior, the contour evolution is restricted to a subspace of familiar shapes, such that a robust estimation of irregularly moving shapes becomes feasible. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Flow fields

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Erratum to “A cascaded genetic algorithm for efficient optimization and pattern matching” [Image and vision Computing 20(4) (2002) 265–277]

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Image and vision Computing 2002年第13-14期20卷 1017-1019页

作者： G Garai B.B Chaudhuri Computer Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics 1/AF Bidhannagar Calcutta 700 064 India Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 B.T. Road Calcutta 700 035 India

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On OCR of degraded documents using fuzzy multifactorial analysis 5th

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5th International Conference on Asian Fuzzy Systems Society, AFSS 2002

作者： Garain, U. Chaudhuri, B.B. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 B. T. Road Kolkata700 035 India

ISBN: (纸本)9783540431503

Optical Character recognition (OCR) systems show poor performance while processing documents like old books or newspapers, Xerox materials, faxed documents, etc. Such documents are considered as degraded documents. One of the important reasons for poor recognition rate for degraded documents is existence of touching or connected characters, which create a major problem for designing an effective character segmentation procedure. In this paper, a new technique is proposed for segmentation of touching characters. The technique is based on fuzzy multifactorial analysis. A predictive algorithm is developed for effectively selecting cut-points to segment touching characters. Initially, our proposed method has been applied for segmenting touching characters that appear in Devnagari (Hindi) and Bangla, two major scripts in Indian sub-continent. The results obtained from a test-set of considerable size show that a high recognition rate can be achieved with a reasonable amount of computations. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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Online handwritten Indian script recognition: A human motor function based framework

Online handwritten Indian script recognition: A human motor ...

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作者： Garain, U. Chaudhuri, B.B. Pal, T.T. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 B. T. Road Kolkata 700 108 India

This paper presents the online handwriting recognition for Indian scripts. The primary concern of the approach is the modeling of human motor functionality while writing characters. This is achieved by looking at the whole pen trajectory where the time evaluation of the pen coordinates plays a crucial role. A low complexity classifier has been designed and the proposed similarity measure appears to be quite robust against wide variations in writing styles. Initially, the approach has been applied for online recognition of handwritten characters in Devnagari and Bangla, the two major Indian scripts. A test on a dataset of considerable size shows promising recognition rates namely, 97.29% for Devnagari and 96.34% for Bangla. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： pattern recognition

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Combining the advantages of local and global optic flow methods

Combining the advantages of local and global optic flow meth...

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24th Symposium of the German pattern recognition Association, DAGM 2002

作者： Bruhn, Andres Weickert, Joachim Schnorr, Christoph Mathematical Image Analysis Group Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Saarland University 66041 Saarbrücken Germany Computer Vision Graphics and Pattern Recognition Group Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Mannheim 68131 Mannheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)354044209X

Differential methods are frequently used techniques for optic flow computations. They can be classified into local methods such as the Lucas-Kanade technique or Bigün's structure tensor method, and into global methods such as the Horn-Schunck approach and its modifications. Local methods are known to be more robust under noise, while global techniques yield 100% dense flow fields. No clear attempts to combine the advantages of these two classes of methods have been made in the literature so far. This problem is addressed in our paper. First we juxtapose the role of smoothing processes that are required in local and global differential methods for optic flow computation. This discussion motivates us to introduce and evaluate a novel method that combines the advantages of local and global approaches: It yields dense flow fields that are robust against noise. Finally experiments with different sequences are performed demonstrating its excellent results. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Flow fields

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Online handwritten Indian script recognition: a human motor function based framework

Online handwritten Indian script recognition: a human motor ...

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International Conference on pattern recognition

作者： U. Garain B.B. Chaudhuri T.T. Pal Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)076951695X

This paper presents the online handwriting recognition for Indian scripts. The primary concern of the approach is the modeling of human motor functionality while writing characters. This is achieved by looking at the whole pen trajectory where the time evaluation of the pen coordinates plays a crucial role. A low complexity classifier was designed and the proposed similarity measure appears to be quite robust against wide variations in writing styles. Initially, the approach was applied for online recognition of handwritten characters in Devnagari and Bangla, the two major Indian scripts. A test on a dataset of considerable size shows promising recognition rates: 97.29% for Devnagari and 96.34% for Bangla.

关键词： Handwriting recognition Humans Character recognition pattern recognition Keyboards computer vision Writing Job design Feature extraction Algorithm design and analysis

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Using text corpora for understanding polysemy in Bangla

Using text corpora for understanding polysemy in Bangla

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Language Engineering Conference

作者： N.S. Dash B.B. Chaudhuri Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India

Polysemy implies the presence of more than one sense of a particular word both in its context-bound and context-free situation. The inherent aspect of polysemy is that a particular word will show multiple sense variations related by way of semantic extension and conceptual expansion. In the last fifty years or so, polysemy has been recognised as one of the central issues in lexical semantics, word sense disambiguation (WSD), actual sense extraction (ASE), language learning, conceptual categorisation of words as well as in computer processing of language. Language users can identify a polysemous word quite easily, but are not equipped to decipher all its possible sense variations without appropriate reference to a proper knowledge-base and other relevant information embedded within contextual environments. We make an empirical effort to understand the basic nature of polysemy in Bangla. We also intend to know how words denote sense variations, which factors are instrumental in making them polysemous, what impact they have on language understanding, and how sense variation can be best understood using information from various sources of knowledge bases. Finally, we use a method to understand the role of various contexts, obtained from corpora, in maintaining an interface between words and their sense variations. Quick reference to local context is handy at times, but reference to focal, topical and global contexts as well as an extralinguistic knowledge base is necessary for understanding sense variation and obtaining actual contextual sense.

关键词： Psychology Computational linguistics computer vision pattern recognition Data mining Instruments Artificial intelligence Information analysis Humans Cognition

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Towards Indian language spell-checker design

Towards Indian language spell-checker design

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Language Engineering Conference

作者： B.B. Chaudhuri Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India

This paper deals with the development of a spell-checker in Indian languages using as an example Bangla, the second most popular language on the Indian Subcontinent. A brief review of problems and the current scenario of Indian language spell-checkers is described. The approach for the Bangla spell-checker is then elaborated. In this approach the technique works in two stages. The first stage takes care of phonetic similarity error. For that the phonetically similar characters are mapped into single units of character code. A new dictionary D/sub c/ is constructed with this reduced set of alphabets. A phonetically similar but wrongly spelt word can be easily corrected using this dictionary. The second stage takes care of errors other than phonetic similarity. A wrongly spelt word S of n characters is searched in the dictionary D/sub c/. If S is a nonword, its first k/sub 1//spl les/n characters will match with a valid word in D/sub c/. (if k/sub 1/=n then the word in D/sub c/ must be longer than n). A reversed word dictionary D/sub r/ is also generated where the characters of the word are maintained in a reversed order. If the last k/sub 2/ characters of S match with a word in D/sub r/ then, for a single error, it is located within the intersection region of first k/sub 1/+1 and last k/sub 2/+1 characters of S. We observed that this region is very small compared to word length for most cases and the number of suggested correct words can be drastically reduced using this information. We have used our approach in correcting Bangla text, where the problem of inflection is tackled by a simplified version of a morphological analyser. Another problem encountered in Indian languages is the existence of a large number of compound words formed by euphony and assimilation. The problem of compound words is also carefully tackled.

关键词： computer errors Dictionaries Optical character recognition software Error correction Optical computing pattern recognition computer interfaces Information retrieval Speech recognition computer vision

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