In this paper we introduce a multilayer cylindrical histogram based feature space for representing 3D shape context of human body. Dynamics of gestures are analyzed using discrete hidden Markov models (DHMM) with quan...
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In this paper we introduce a multilayer cylindrical histogram based feature space for representing 3D shape context of human body. Dynamics of gestures are analyzed using discrete hidden Markov models (DHMM) with quantized feature vectors. Extensive experimental trials with multiple subjects and a range of gesture classes are presented. Gesture recognition accuracies of over 85% (for nine gestures, and 9 subjects) and over 95% (for seven gestures) support the basic feasibility and robustness of the approach.
This paper describes an approach for detecting objects in front of an automobile using wide field of view stereo with a pair of omni cameras. Several configurations are suggested for effective detection of vehicles an...
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This paper describes an approach for detecting objects in front of an automobile using wide field of view stereo with a pair of omni cameras. Several configurations are suggested for effective detection of vehicles and pedestrians. The omni cameras are calibrated using sets of parallel lines on a parking lot. The calibration is used to rectify the omni images. Stereo matching is performed on the rectified images to detect other vehicles and pedestrians. Experimental results show promise of detecting these objects on the road.
Omnidirectional cameras offer a much wider field of view than the perspective ones and alleviate the problems due to occlusions. However, both types of cameras suffer from the lack of depth perception. A practical met...
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In this paper we proposed to solve the eye detection and localization problem under a general statistical model based object detection framework. A binary tree representation is used to discover the objects’ underlyi...
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In this paper we proposed to solve the eye detection and localization problem under a general statistical model based object detection framework. A binary tree representation is used to discover the objects’ underlying statistical structure. Tree structures enable us to describe the object local statistical structure in a coarse-to-fine fashion. Each subtree explains the statistics for certain local substructure. The tree is built in a top-down fashion. Subsets with negligible conditional independency are found by k-means clustering using mutual information. The conditionally independent features are separated into different subtrees, while more dependent features are tended to appear close in the tree. The distribution of the object can be learned accordingly. Gaussian mixture in the independent component analysis (ICA) subspace is used to model the distribution of each high dependent feature subset, where each independent component explains the local substructure. The use of tree structure enables us to learn the distribution recursively by applying Bayesian criterion. Substantial experiments were done to evaluate the performance over the eyes detection accuracy as well as the localization ability. Experimental results show a better detection accuracy than the Viisage system with a reasonable localization ability, which validate the algorithm.
A recent trend in digital mammography is computer-aided diagnosis systems, which are computerised tools designed to assist radiologists. Most of these systems are used for the automatic detection of abnormalities. How...
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A recent trend in digital mammography is computer-aided diagnosis systems, which are computerised tools designed to assist radiologists. Most of these systems are used for the automatic detection of abnormalities. However, recent studies have shown that their sensitivity is significantly decreased as the density of the breast increases. This dependence is method specific. In this paper we propose a new approach to the classification of mammographic images according to their breast parenchymal density. Our classification uses information extracted from segmentation results and is based on the underlying breast tissue texture. Classification performance was based on a large set of digitised mammograms. Evaluation involves different classifiers and uses a leave-one-out methodology. Results demonstrate the feasibility of estimating breast density using image processing and analysis techniques.
Pixelwise Gaussian mixture based background modeling algorithm proposed in S. Stauffer and W.E.L. Grimson (1999 and 2000) has been proved to be robust for many motion detection applications. However, the algorithm is ...
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Pixelwise Gaussian mixture based background modeling algorithm proposed in S. Stauffer and W.E.L. Grimson (1999 and 2000) has been proved to be robust for many motion detection applications. However, the algorithm is not sensitive to fast motion. One possible solution is to introduce local correlations. Starting from this, this paper proposes to use the Gaussian mixture globally for modeling the distribution of the difference image between the new frame and the estimated background. Experimental evaluation validates the algorithm. Motivated by the demands of selecting the more appropriate algorithm for a specific application, qualitative and quantitative performance comparisons of these two approaches are presented. We proposes three metrics. One is to characterize the pixel level accuracy and the other two are to evaluate the errors in the object level. Pros and cons of both algorithms are summarized.
Awareness of what surrounds a vehicle directly affects the safe driving and maneuvering of an automobile. Surround information or maps can help in ethnographic studies of driver behavior as well as provide a critical ...
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Awareness of what surrounds a vehicle directly affects the safe driving and maneuvering of an automobile. Surround information or maps can help in ethnographic studies of driver behavior as well as provide a critical input in the development of effective driver assistance system. In this paper, we introduce the concept of Dynamic Panoramic Surround (DPS) map that shows the nearby surroundings of the vehicle, and detects the objects of importance on the road. Omnidirectional cameras which give a panoramic view of the surroundings can be useful for visualizing and analyzing the nearby surroundings of the vehicle. A novel approach for synthesizing the DPS using stereo and motion analysis of video images from a pair of omni-directional cameras on the vehicle is developed. Successful generation of DPS in experimental runs on an instrumented vehicle testbed is demonstrated. These experiments prove the basic feasibility and show promise of omni video based DPS capture algorithm to provide useful semantic descriptors of the state of moving vehicles and obstacles in the vicinity of a vehicle.
This paper presents an overview of investigations into the role of computervision technology in developing safer automobiles. We consider vision systems which cannot only look out of the vehicle to detect and track r...
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This paper presents an overview of investigations into the role of computervision technology in developing safer automobiles. We consider vision systems which cannot only look out of the vehicle to detect and track roads, avoid hitting obstacles or pedestrian, but simultaneously look inside the vehicle to monitor the attentiveness of the driver and even predict her intentions. In this paper, a systems-oriented framework for developing computervision technology for safer automobiles is presented. We will consider three main components of the system, driver, vehicle, and vehicle surround. We will discuss various issues and ideas for developing models for these main components as well as activities associated with the complex task of safe driving. The paper includes discussion of novel sensory systems and algorithms for capturing not only the dynamic surround information of the vehicle but also the state, intent and activity patterns of drivers.
In this work, we have taken the first step towards the creation of a computerized seeing-eye guide dog. The system we presented extends the development of assistive technology for the visually impaired into a new area...
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In this work, we have taken the first step towards the creation of a computerized seeing-eye guide dog. The system we presented extends the development of assistive technology for the visually impaired into a new area: object tracking and visual servoing. The system uses computervision to provide a kind of surrogate sight for the human user; sensing information from the environment and communicating it through haptic signalling. Our proof-of concept prototype is a low-cost wearable system which uses a colour camera to analyze a scene and recognize a desired object, then generate tactile cues to the wearer to steer his or her hand towards the object. We have proved the system in trials with random users in an unstructured environment.
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