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Augmented Vector Field Navigation Cost Mapping using Inertial Sensors

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Augmented Vector Field Navigation Cost Mapping using Inertia...

International Conference on Advanced robotics (ICAR)

作者： Felipe G. Oliveira Armando Alves Neto Paulo Borges Mario F. M. Campos Douglas G. Macharet Institute of Exact Sciences and Technology Universidade Federal do Amazonas AM Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais MG Brazil Data 61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Brisbane Queensland Australia Computer Vision and Robotics Laboratory (VeRLab) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais MG Brazil

In outdoor field robotics, considering the environmental characteristics is key to improving the efficiency of autonomous navigation. In this context, identifying rough terrain can significantly increase the reliability of operations. This paper addresses the problem of mapping the navigation cost associated with uneven outdoor terrains. We propose an augmented vector field representation obtained only with the use of inertial sensors. The map is determined considering characteristics such as roughness and slope. Experiments were carried out with different robots in real-world environments presenting different terrain characteristics to analyze the quality and efficiency of the mapping process. Results show that the obtained navigation cost maps provide a reliable indication of the ground characteristics of outdoor environments and can be used in the path planning stage.

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Quantitative analysis of patch-based fully convolutional neural networks for tissue segmentation on brain magnetic resonance imaging

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bernal, Jose Kushibar, Kaisar Cabezas, Mariano Valverde, Sergi Oliver, Arnau Lladó, Xavier Computer Vision and Robotics Institute Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Girona Ed. P-IV Av. Lluis Santaló s/n Girona17003 Spain

Accurate brain tissue segmentation in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has attracted the attention of medical doctors and researchers since variations in tissue volume help in diagnosing and monitoring neurological diseases. Several proposals have been designed throughout the years comprising conventional machine learning strategies as well as convolutional neural networks (CNN) approaches. In particular, in this paper, we analyse a sub-group of deep learning methods producing dense predictions. This branch, referred in the literature as Fully CNN (FCNN), is of interest as these architectures can process an input volume in less time than CNNs and local spatial dependencies may be encoded since several voxels are classified at once. Our study focuses on understanding architectural strengths and weaknesses of literature-like approaches. Hence, we implement eight FCNN architectures inspired by robust state-of-the-art methods on brain segmentation related tasks. We evaluate them using the IBSR18, MICCAI2012 and iSeg2017 datasets as they contain infant and adult data and exhibit varied voxel spacing, image quality, number of scans and available imaging modalities. The discussion is driven in three directions: comparison between 2D and 3D approaches, the importance of multiple modalities and overlapping as a sampling strategy for training and testing models. To encourage other researchers to explore the evaluation framework, a public version is accessible to download from our research website. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

Automatic Scale Estimation of Structure from Motion based 3D models using laser scalers

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Istenic, Klemen Gracias, Nuno Arnaubec, Aurlien Escartn, Javier Garcia, Rafael Underwater Robotics Research Center Computer Vision and Robotics Institute University of Girona Edifici P-IV Campus de Montilivi Girona17071 Spain Coronis Computing S.L. Science and Technological Park of UdG Carrer Pic de Peguera 15 Girona17003 Spain IFREMER Ctr Mediterranee Unit Syst. Marins La Seyne Sur MerF-83507 Universit de Paris Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris CNRS F-75005 France

Recent advances in structure-from-motion techniques are enabling many scientific fields to benefit from the routine creation of detailed 3D models. However, for a large number of applications, only a single camera is available for the image acquisition, due to cost or space constraints in the survey platforms. Monocular structure-from-motion raises the issue of properly estimating the scale of the 3D models, in order to later use those models for metrology. The scale can be determined from the presence of visible objects of known dimensions, or from information on the magnitude of the camera motion provided by other sensors, such as GPS. This paper addresses the problem of accurately scaling 3D models created from monocular cameras in GPS-denied environments, such as in underwater applications. Motivated by the common availability of underwater laser scalers, we present two novel approaches which are suitable for different laser scaler configurations. A fully-calibrated method enables the use of arbitrary laser setups, while a partially-calibrated method reduces the need for calibration by only assuming parallelism on the laser beams, with no constraints on the camera. The proposed methods have several advantages with respect to the existing methods. By using the known geometry of the scene expressed by the 3D model, along with some parameters of the laser scaler geometry, the need for laser alignment with the optical axis of the camera is removed. Furthermore, the extremely error-prone manual identification of image points on the 3D model, currently required in image-scaling methods, is eliminated as well. The performance of the methods and their applicability was evaluated on both data generated from a realistic 3D model and data collected during an oceanographic cruise in 2017. Three separate laser configurations have been tested, encompassing nearly all possible laser setups, to evaluate the effects of terrain roughness, noise, camera perspective angle and camer

关键词： Cameras

Composition loss for counting, density map estimation and localization in dense crowds

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Idrees, Haroon Tayyab, Muhmmad Athrey, Kishan Zhang, Dong Al-Maadeed, Somaya Rajpoot, Nasir Shah, Mubarak Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University NVIDIA Inc Computer Science Department Faculty of Engineering Qatar University Department of Computer Science University of Warwick United Kingdom Center for Research in Computer Vision University of Central Florida

With multiple crowd gatherings of millions of people every year in events ranging from pilgrimages to protests, concerts to marathons, and festivals to funerals;visual crowd analysis is emerging as a new frontier in computer vision. In particular, counting in highly dense crowds is a challenging problem with far-reaching applicability in crowd safety and management, as well as gauging political significance of protests and demonstrations. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that simultaneously solves the problems of counting, density map estimation and localization of people in a given dense crowd image. Our formulation is based on an important observation that the three problems are inherently related to each other making the loss function for optimizing a deep CNN decomposable. Since localization requires high-quality images and annotations, we introduce UCF-QNRF dataset that overcomes the shortcomings of previous datasets, and contains 1.25 million humans manually marked with dot annotations. Finally, we present evaluation measures and comparison with recent deep CNN networks, including those developed specifically for crowd counting. Our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art on the new dataset, which is the most challenging dataset with the largest number of crowd annotations in the most diverse set of scenes. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

Assessing Trustworthy AI in Times of COVID-19: Deep Learning for Predicting a Multiregional Score Conveying the Degree of Lung Compromise in COVID-19 Patients

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IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society

IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society 2022年第4期3卷 272-289页

作者： Allahabadi, Himanshi Amann, Julia Balot, Isabelle Beretta, Andrea Binkley, Charles Bozenhard, Jonas Bruneault, Frederick Brusseau, James Candemir, Sema Cappellini, Luca Alessandro Chakraborty, Subrata Cherciu, Nicoleta Cociancig, Christina Coffee, Megan Ek, Irene Espinosa-Leal, Leonardo Farina, Davide Fieux-Castagnet, Genevieve Frauenfelder, Thomas Gallucci, Alessio Giuliani, Guya Golda, Adam Van Halem, Irmhild Hildt, Elisabeth Holm, Sune Kararigas, Georgios Krier, Sebastien A. Kuhne, Ulrich Lizzi, Francesca Madai, Vince I. Markus, Aniek F. Masis, Serg Mathez, Emilie Wiinblad Mureddu, Francesco Neri, Emanuele Osika, Walter Ozols, Matiss Panigutti, Cecilia Parent, Brendan Pratesi, Francesca Moreno-Sanchez, Pedro A. Sartor, Giovanni Savardi, Mattia Signoroni, Alberto Sormunen, Hanna-Maria Spezzatti, Andy Srivastava, Adarsh Stephansen, Annette F. Theng, Lau Bee Tithi, Jesmin Jahan Tuominen, Jarno Umbrello, Steven Vaccher, Filippo Vetter, Dennis Westerlund, Magnus Wurth, Renee Zicari, Roberto V. Ey Netherlands Enterprise Intelligence Department Amsterdam1083 HP Netherlands Eth Zurich Health Ethics and Policy Lab Department of Health Sciences and Technology Zürich8092 Switzerland Center for Diplomatic and Strategic Studies Postgraduate Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations Paris75015 France Pisa56124 Italy Hackensack Meridian Health Bioethics Center EdisonNJ08820 United States University of Oxford Faculty of Philosophy OxfordOX2 6GG United Kingdom Collège André- Laurendeau Philosophie Department MontrealQCH8N 2J4 Canada Université du Québec À Montréal École des Médias MontrealQCH2L 2C4 Canada Pace University Philosophy Department New YorkNY10038 United States The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Radiology ColumbusOH43210 United States Humanitas Research Hospital Department of Radiology Milan20089 Italy Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences Milan20089 Italy University of New England Faculty of Science Agriculture Business and Law ArmidaleNSW2351 Australia University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology SydneyNSW2007 Australia Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna European Centre of Excellence on the Regulation of Robotics and Ai Pisa56127 Italy University of Bremen Group of Computer Architecture Bremen28359 Germany New York University Grossman School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department of Medicine New YorkNY10016 United States Digital Institute Ai Research Section Stockholm16731 Sweden Arcada University of Applied Sciences Department of Business Management and Analytics Helsinki00550 Finland University of Brescia Radiological Sciences and Public Health Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Brescia25121 Italy Sncf Reseau Sa Ethique Groupe La Plaine93418 France Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Zurich Zürich8091 Switzerland Eindhoven University of Tech

This article's main contributions are twofold: 1) to demonstrate how to apply the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI in practice for the domain of healthcare and 2) to investigate the research question of what does 'trustworthy AI' mean at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we present the results of a post-hoc self-assessment to evaluate the trustworthiness of an AI system for predicting a multiregional score conveying the degree of lung compromise in COVID-19 patients, developed and verified by an interdisciplinary team with members from academia, public hospitals, and industry in time of pandemic. The AI system aims to help radiologists to estimate and communicate the severity of damage in a patient's lung from Chest X-rays. It has been experimentally deployed in the radiology department of the ASST Spedali Civili clinic in Brescia, Italy, since December 2020 during pandemic time. The methodology we have applied for our post-hoc assessment, called Z-Inspection®, uses sociotechnical scenarios to identify ethical, technical, and domain-specific issues in the use of the AI system in the context of the pandemic. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

Understanding metric-related pitfalls in image analysis validation

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Reinke, Annika Tizabi, Minu D. Baumgartner, Michael Eisenmann, Matthias Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Kavur, A. Emre Rädsch, Tim Sudre, Carole H. Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew B. Buettner, Florian Cardoso, M. Jorge Cheplygina, Veronika Chen, Jianxu Christodoulou, Evangelia Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian van Ginneken, Bram Glocker, Ben Godau, Patrick Haase, Robert Hashimoto, Daniel A. Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Isensee, Fabian Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kenngott, Hannes Kleesiek, Jens Kofler, Florian Kooi, Thijs Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kozubek, Michal Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Petersen, Jens Rafelski, Susanne M. Rajpoot, Nasir Reyes, Mauricio Riegler, Michael A. Rieke, Nicola Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Shetty, Shravya Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. van Calster, Ben Varoquaux, Gaël Yaniv, Ziv R. Jäger, Paul F. Maier-Hein, Lena Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany NCT Heidelberg A Partnership Between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montreal Canada Division of Computational Pathology Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IU Health Information and Translational Sciences Building Indianapolis United States University of Pennsylvania Richards Medical Research Laboratories FL7 PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Digital Medical Technologies Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel European Federation for Medical Informatics Le Mont-sur-Lausanne Switzerland Center for Processing Speech and Images Department of Electrical Engineering KU Leuven Leuven Belgium partner site Frankfurt/Mainz a partnership between DKFZ and UCT Frankfurt Marburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Medicine Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Informatics Germany and Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. Dortmund Germany Imaging Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Centre for Statistics in Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Center for Biomedical In

Validation metrics are key for tracking scientific progress and bridging the current chasm between artificial intelligence (AI) research and its translation into practice. However, increasing evidence shows that particularly in image analysis, metrics are often chosen inadequately. While taking into account the individual strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of validation metrics is a critical prerequisite to making educated choices, the relevant knowledge is currently scattered and poorly accessible to individual researchers. Based on a multi-stage Delphi process conducted by a multidisciplinary expert consortium as well as extensive community feedback, the present work provides the first reliable and comprehensive common point of access to information on pitfalls related to validation metrics in image analysis. While focused on biomedical image analysis, the addressed pitfalls generalize across application domains and are categorized according to a newly created, domain-agnostic taxonomy. The work serves to enhance global comprehension of a key topic in image analysis validation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computer vision

Metrics Reloaded: Recommendations for image analysis validation

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Maier-Hein, Lena Reinke, Annika Godau, Patrick Tizabi, Minu D. Buettner, Florian Christodoulou, Evangelia Glocker, Ben Isensee, Fabian Kleesiek, Jens Kozubek, Michal Reyes, Mauricio Riegler, Michael A. Wiesenfarth, Manuel Emre Kavur, A. Sudre, Carole H. Baumgartner, Michael Eisenmann, Matthias Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Rädsch, Tim Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew B. Jorge Cardoso, M. Cheplygina, Veronika Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian Ginneken, Bram Van Haase, Robert Hashimoto, Daniel A. Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kenngott, Hannes Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Petersen, Jens Rajpoot, Nasir Rieke, Nicola Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten Van Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben Van Varoquaux, Gaël Jäger, Paul F. Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science and Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg a partnership between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany partner site Frankfurt/Mainz a partnership between DKFZ and UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Medicine Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Informatics Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing and HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany Institute for AI in Medicine University Medicine Essen Essen Germany Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Bern University of Bern Bern Switzerland Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering Oslo Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway Romsø Norway Heidelberg Division of Biostatistics Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Division of Medical Image Computing HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal

Increasing evidence shows that flaws in machine learning (ML) algorithm validation are an underestimated global problem. Particularly in automatic biomedical image analysis, chosen performance metrics often do not reflect the domain interest, thus failing to adequately measure scientific progress and hindering translation of ML techniques into practice. To overcome this, we created Metrics Reloaded, a comprehensive framework guiding researchers in the problem-aware selection of metrics. It was developed by a large international consortium in a multi-stage Delphi process and is based on the novel concept of a problem fingerprint – a structured representation of the given problem that captures all aspects that are relevant for metric selection, from the domain interest to the properties of the target structure(s), data set and algorithm output. Based on the problem fingerprint, users are guided through the process of choosing and applying appropriate validation metrics while being made aware of potential pitfalls. Metrics Reloaded targets image analysis problems that can be interpreted as a classification task at image, object or pixel level, namely image-level classification, object detection, semantic segmentation, and instance segmentation tasks. To improve the user experience, we implemented the framework in the Metrics Reloaded online tool. Following the convergence of ML methodology across application domains, Metrics Reloaded fosters the convergence of validation methodology. Its applicability is demonstrated for various biomedical use cases. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

Flexible disaster response of tomorrow final presentation and evaluation of the CENTAURO system

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Klamt, Tobias Rodriguez, Diego Baccelliere, Lorenzo Chen, Xi Chiaradia, Domenico Cichon, Torben Gabardi, Maßimiliano Guria, Paolo Holmquist, Karl Kamedula, Malgorzata Karaoguz, Hakan Kashiri, Navvab Laurenzi, Arturo Lenz, Christian Leonardis, Daniele Hoffman, Enrico Mingo Muratore, Luca Pavlichenko, Dmytro Porcini, Francesco Ren, Zeyu Schilling, Fabian Schwarz, Max Solazzi, Maßimiliano Felsberg, Michael Frisoli, Antonio Gustmann, Michael Jensfelt, Patric Nordberg, Klas Roßmann, Jürgen Süß, Uwe Tsagarakis, Nikos G. Behnke, Sven Autonomous Intelligent Systems University of Bonn Germany Humanoids and Human-Centred Mechatronics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa Italy Department of Robotics Perception and Learning KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden PERCRO Laboratory TeCIP Institute Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies Pisa Italy Institute for Man-Machine Interaction RWTH Aachen University Germany Computer Vision Laboratory Linköping University Sweden Lausanne Switzerland Kerntechnische Hilfsdienst GmbH Karlsruhe Germany School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester United Kingdom

Corrigendum to "PSFHS challenge report: pubic symphysis and fetal head segmentation from intrapartum ultrasound images" [Medical Image Analysis 99 (2025),103353]

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Medical image analysis 2025年 104卷 103651页

作者： Jieyun Bai Zihao Zhou Zhanhong Ou Gregor Koehler Raphael Stock Klaus Maier-Hein Marawan Elbatel Robert Martí Xiaomeng Li Yaoyang Qiu Panjie Gou Gongping Chen Lei Zhao Jianxun Zhang Yu Dai Fangyijie Wang Guénolé Silvestre Kathleen Curran Hongkun Sun Jing Xu Pengzhou Cai Lu Jiang Libin Lan Dong Ni Mei Zhong Gaowen Chen Víctor M Campello Yaosheng Lu Karim Lekadir Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization Jinan University Guangzhou China Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand. Electronic address: jbai996@aucklanduni.ac.nz. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization Jinan University Guangzhou China. Division of Medical Image Computing German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany. Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong China. Computer Vision and Robotics Group University of Girona Girona Spain. Canon Medical Systems (China) Co. LTD Beijing China. College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin China. College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University Changsha China. School of Medicine University College Dublin Dublin Ireland. School of Computer Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland. School of Statistics & Mathematics Zhejiang Gongshang University Hangzhou China. School of Computer Science & Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing China. National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging & School of Biomedical Engineering Health Science Center Shenzhen University Shenzhen China. NanFang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China. Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China. Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization Jinan University Guangzhou China. Electronic address: tluys@***. Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) Barcelona Spain.