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arXiv 2024年

作者： Berra, Andrea Sankaranarayanan, Viswa Narayanan Seisa, Achilleas Santi Mellet, Julien Gamage, Udayanga G.W.K.N. Satpute, Sumeet Gajanan Ruggiero, Fabio Lippiello, Vincenzo Tolu, Silvia Fumagalli, Matteo Nikolakopoulos, George Soto, Miguel Ángel Trujillo Heredia, Guillermo CATEC Advanced Center for Aerospace Technologies Seville Spain Robotics and AI Team Department of Computer Electrical and Space Engineering LuleåUniversity of Technology Luleå Sweden PRISMA Lab Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Automation and Control Group Department of Electrical Engineering and Photonics Technical University of Denmark Denmark Robotics Vision and Control Group School of Engineering University of Seville Seville Spain

The paper introduces a novel framework for safe and autonomous aerial physical interaction in industrial settings. It comprises two main components: a neural network-based target detection system enhanced with edge computing for reduced onboard computational load, and a control barrier function (CBF)-based controller for safe and precise maneuvering. The target detection system is trained on a dataset under challenging visual conditions and evaluated for accuracy across various unseen data with changing lighting conditions. Depth features are utilized for target pose estimation, with the entire detection framework offloaded into low-latency edge computing. The CBF-based controller enables the UAV to converge safely to the target for precise contact. Simulated evaluations of both the controller and target detection are presented, alongside an analysis of real-world detection performance. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Graph-Based Collision Avoidance Algorithm Among Swarm Agents

Graph-Based Collision Avoidance Algorithm Among Swarm Agents

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International Symposium on electrical and Electronics engineering (ISEEE)

作者： Akif Durdu Mesut Tuncer Berat Yıldız Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Robotics Automation Control Laboratory (RAC-LAB) Konya Technical University Konya Turkiye Department of Computer Engineering Robotics Automation Control Laboratory (RAC-LAB) Konya Technical University Konya Turkiye Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Karaman Turkiye

More than one homogenous or heterogenous type unmanned vehicle can work in a coordinated manner and perform large-scale swarm tasks (firefighting, search and rescue, mapping, and military operations, etc.) efficiently in a shorter time by sharing tasks. Collision of these vehicles is among the most significant problems encountered during their work. The crash of the vehicles causes the vehicles to be out of duty and, accordingly, to the mission’s failure. In this study, Quadrotor-type UAVs used as agents can go to any target point by receiving location, speed, and compass information with GPS and IMU sensors. In the application, the agents’ locations were kept and updated in a list in pairs, similar to the traversing process in the Optimized Bubble Sort Algorithm. The projections of the velocity vectors on the agents’ axis (local) on a single coordinate plane are taken to determine the collision situation between these two agents that are traveling instantaneously. These global velocity vectors, whose projections are taken, are re-projected to the edge formed by these two agents in the graph and then subtracted from each other. Suppose the size of the vector is greater than the distance between two agents obtained by any GPS distance algorithm (Pythagoras, Haversine, etc.). In this case, collision is detected, and the separation process is activated. Separation is the process of advancing one agent in the opposite direction of the other until a minimum safe distance is achieved, where one agent entered by the user will not affect the other. Once the separation is complete, the agent moves to the final destination point.

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FROST: Fusion and Multimodal 3D Reconstruction of Icy Surfaces for Robotic Exploration

FROST: Fusion and Multimodal 3D Reconstruction of Icy Surfac...

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Computational Intelligence on engineering/Cyber Physical Systems Companion (CIES Companion), IEEE Symposium on

作者： Huy Xuan Pham Erdal Kayacan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Artificial Intelligence in Robotics Laboratory (Air Lab) Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark Automatic Control Group (RAT) Paderborn University Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331508494

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508500

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction serves as a cornerstone in various robotic applications, playing critical roles in scene understanding and navigation. Traditionally, LiDAR has been instrumental in generating precise point clouds of the environment, providing essential data for these applications. However, the efficacy of LiDAR sensors is significantly hindered in challenging conditions, such as the presence of water or icy surfaces. The complex interplay between laser beams and icy or non-ideal surfaces can result in signal degradation, distortion, or even complete signal loss, adversely affecting the accuracy and reliability of the 3D reconstruction process. The reflective and refractive properties of ice, along with its variable surface conditions, present challenges that traditional LiDAR sensors struggle to address. This paper proposes a diverse dataset to facilitate a multimodal approach for reconstructing icy surfaces using various sensors. A preliminary study based on this dataset demonstrates the feasibility of combining the geometric surface obtained from consecutive LiDAR scans with reconstructed meshes from visual cameras. The integration of distinct data sources has the potential to improve the robustness of reconstruction algorithms in diverse scenarios. The dataset can be downloaded at https://***/records/13862009.

关键词： Point cloud compression Surface reconstruction Laser radar Three-dimensional displays Navigation Ice Robustness Laser beams Image reconstruction Surface treatment

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A Graph-Based Self-Calibration Technique for Cable-Driven Robots with Sagging Cable

A Graph-Based Self-Calibration Technique for Cable-Driven Ro...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： M. R. Dindarloo A. S. Mirjalili S. A. Khalilpour R. Khorrambakht Stephan Weiss H. D. Taghirad Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems (ARAS) Faculty of Electrical Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tandon School of Engineering Control/Robotics Research Laboratory New York University Brooklyn NY Department of Smart Systems Technologies University of Klagenfurt Austria

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

The efficient operation of large-scale Cable-Driven Parallel Robots (CDPRs) relies on precise calibration of kinematic parameters and the simplicity of the calibration process. This paper presents a graph-based self-calibration framework that explicitly addresses cable sag effects and facilitates the calibration procedure for large-scale CDPRs by only relying on internal sensors. A unified factor graph is proposed, incorporating a catenary cable model to capture cable sagging. The factor graph iteratively refines kinematic parameters, including anchor point locations and initial cable length, by considering jointly onboard sensor data and the robot’s kineto-static model. The applicability and accuracy of the proposed technique are demonstrated through Finite Element (FE) simulations, on both large and small-scale CDPRs subjected to significant initialization perturbations.

关键词： Meters Accuracy Perturbation methods Kinematics Robot sensing systems End effectors Software Calibration Sensors Finite element analysis

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An Efficient Model-Based Approach on Learning Agile Motor Skills without Reinforcement

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Shi, Haojie Li, Tingguang Zhu, Qingxu Sheng, Jiapeng Han, Lei Meng, Max Q.-H. Tencent Robotics X China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Alberta Canada

Learning-based methods have improved locomotion skills of quadruped robots through deep reinforcement learning. However, the sim-to-real gap and low sample efficiency still limit the skill transfer. To address this issue, we propose an efficient model-based learning framework that combines a world model with a policy network. We train a differentiable world model to predict future states and use it to directly supervise a Variational Autoencoder (VAE)-based policy network to imitate real animal behaviors. This significantly reduces the need for real interaction data and allows for rapid policy updates. We also develop a high-level network to track diverse commands and trajectories. Our simulated results show a tenfold sample efficiency increase compared to reinforcement learning methods such as PPO. In real-world testing, our policy achieves proficient command-following performance with only a two-minute data collection period and generalizes well to new speeds and paths. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Efficiency

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An Isomerism Learning Model to Solve Time-Varying Problems Through Intelligent Collaboration

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第8期10卷 1772-1774页

作者： Zhihao Hao Guancheng Wang Bob Zhang Leyuan Fang Haisheng Li the Department of Computer and Information Science University of MacaoMacao 999078China the School of Data Science the Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172 Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen 518000 China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing 100040China IEEE the College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082 the Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China the Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048 the School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Dear Editor,This letter deals with a solution for time-varying problems using an intelligent computational(IC)algorithm driven by a novel decentralized machine learning approach called isomerism *** order to meet the challenges of the model’s privacy and security brought by traditional centralized learning models,a private permissioned blockchain is utilized to decentralize the model in order to achieve an effective coordination,thereby ensuring the credibility of the overall model without exposing the specific parameters and solution process.

关键词： ism thereby letter

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Visual Tracking Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Method for Autonomous Wind Turbine Inspection

Visual Tracking Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Method fo...

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International Conference on Advanced robotics (ICAR)

作者： Abdelhakim Amer Mohit Mehndiratta Jonas le Fevre Sejersen Huy Xuan Pham Erdal Kayacan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Artificial Intelligence in Robotics Laboratory (AiR Lab) Aarhus University Aarhus C Denmark GIM Robotics Espoo Finland Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Automatic Control Group Paderborn University Paderborn Germany

Automated visual inspection of on- and off-shorewind turbines using aerial robots provides several benefits, namely, a safe working environment by circumventing the need for workers to be suspended high above the ground, reduced inspection time, preventive maintenance, and access to hard-to-reach areas. A novel nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) framework alongside a global wind turbine path planner is proposed to achieve distance-optimal coverage for wind turbine inspection. Unlike traditional MPC formulations, visual tracking NMPC (VT-NMPC) is designed to track an inspection surface, instead of a position and heading trajectory, thereby circumventing the need to provide an accurate predefined trajectory for the drone. An additional capability of the proposed VT-NMPC method is that by incorporating inspection requirements as visual tracking costs to minimize, it naturally achieves the inspection task successfully while respecting the physical constraints of the drone. Multiple simulation runs and real-world tests demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed automated inspection framework, which outperforms the traditional MPC designs, by providing full coverage of the target wind turbine blades as well as its robustness to changing wind conditions. The implementation codes 1 1 https://***/open-airlab/VTNMPC-Autonomous-Wind-Turbine-Inspection are open-sourced.

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Absolute Pose from One or Two Scaled and Oriented Features

Absolute Pose from One or Two Scaled and Oriented Features

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Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Jonathan Ventura Zuzana Kukelova Torsten Sattler Dániel Baráth Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering Cal Poly San Luis Obispo Faculty of Electrical Engineering Visual Recognition Group Czech Technical University in Prague Czech Institute of Informatics Robotics and Cybernetics Czech Technical University in Prague Department of Computer Science Computer Vision and Geometry Group ETH Zürich

ISBN: (数字)9798350353006

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013

Keypoints used for image matching often include an estimate of the feature scale and orientation. While recent work has demonstrated the advantages of using feature scales and orientations for relative pose estimation, relatively little work has considered their use for absolute pose estimation. We introduce minimal solutions for absolute pose from two oriented feature correspondences in the general case, or one scaled and oriented correspondence given a known vertical direction. Nowadays, assuming a known direction is not particularly restrictive as modern consumer devices, such as smartphones or drones, are equipped with Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) that provide the gravity direction by default. Compared to traditional absolute pose methods requiring three point correspondences, our solvers need a smaller minimal sample, reducing the cost and complexity of robust estimation. Evaluations on large-scale and public real datasets demonstrate the advantage of our methods for fast and accurate localization in challenging conditions. Code is available at https://***/danini/absolute-pose-from-oriented-and-sealed-features.

关键词： Location awareness Accuracy Simultaneous localization and mapping Measurement units Pose estimation Noise Inertial navigation

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ACO-GA-Based Optimization to Enhance Global Path Planning for Autonomous Navigation in Grid Environments

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IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 2025年

作者： Heng, Han Rahiman, Wan Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Penang14300 Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Nibong Tebal Penang14300 Malaysia Daffodil Robotics Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka1216 Bangladesh

Exploring path planning techniques for autonomous vehicles to find the safest and quickest routes is fascinating. Among these techniques, generating grid-based maps is notable for simplifying the path planning process, especially in complex environments. This study introduces a novel optimization approach, the modified ant colony optimization and genetic algorithm (MACOGA), which is tailored for path planning in grid environments. MACOGA combines ant colony optimization (ACO) with genetic algorithm (GA) to efficiently navigate grid spaces. First, ACO identifies potential routes within a grid map, and GA optimizes them to find the optimal route. A key feature of MACOGA is its probabilistic prediction mechanism, which improves node selection by integrating the heuristic factors and probabilistic calculations of feasible potential paths, which significantly increases the likelihood of generating feasible initial paths and attains higher success rates in various environmental tests. The enhanced GA in the MACOGA incorporates ACO's pheromones and heuristic factors, and introduces adaptive probability crossover and mutation operations. Additionally, a path reconnection operation ensures favorable length and smoothness. To evaluate MACOGA's effectiveness, six planar models of varying sizes and complexities were studied. Results show MACOGA's superiority in path length and execution time, achieving the shortest path and planning time in several environments. The shortest path can be optimized to yield an improvement of up to 6%. Regarding runtime, even in the complex scenarios, it executes in just 0.3 seconds, outperforming other comparative algorithms. Furthermore, the success rate can reach 100% in relatively complex environments. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Ant colony optimization

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NDD: A 3D Point Cloud Descriptor Based on Normal Distribution for Loop Closure Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhou, Ruihao He, Li Zhang, Hong Lin, Xubin Guan, Yisheng The Department of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of Technology China The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision China

Loop closure detection is a key technology for long-term robot navigation in complex environments. In this paper, we present a global descriptor, named Normal Distribution Descriptor (NDD), for 3D point cloud loop closure detection. The descriptor encodes both the probability density score and entropy of a point cloud as the descriptor. We also propose a fast rotation alignment process and use correlation coefficient as the similarity between descriptors. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art point cloud descriptors in both accuracy and efficency. The source code is available and can be integrated into existing LiDAR odometry and mapping (LOAM) systems. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Normal distribution

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