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arXiv 2021年

作者： Reinke, Annika Tizabi, Minu D. Sudre, Carole H. Eisenmann, Matthias Rädsch, Tim Baumgartner, Michael Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Bankhead, Peter Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew Buettner, Florian Cardoso, M. Jorge Chen, Jianxu Cheplygina, Veronika Christodoulou, Evangelia Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Engelhardt, Sandy Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian van Ginneken, Bram Glocker, Ben Godau, Patrick Haase, Robert Hamprecht, Fred Hashimoto, Daniel A. Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Hirsch, Peter Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Isensee, Fabian Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kavur, A. Emre Kenngott, Hannes Kleesiek, Jens Kleppe, Andreas Koehler, Sven Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kooi, Thijs Kozubek, Michal Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moher, David Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Noyan, M. Alican Petersen, Jens Polat, Gorkem Rafelski, Susanne M. Rajpoot, Nasir Reyes, Mauricio Rieke, Nicola Riegler, Michael A. Rivaz, Hassan Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Schroeter, Julien Saha, Anindo Selver, M. Alper Sharan, Lalith Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten V.A.N. Stieltjes, Bram Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben V.A.N. Varoquaux, Gaël Wiesenfarth, Manuel Yaniv, Ziv R. Jäger, Paul Maier-Hein, Lena Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Division of Medical Image Computing Heidelberg Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal Canada Division of Computational Pathology Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IU Health Information and Translational Sciences Building Indianapolis United States University of Pennsylvania Richards Medical Research Laboratories FL7 PhiladelphiaPA United States Institute of Genetics and Cancer University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Digital Medical Technologies Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel European Federation for Medical Informatics Le Mont-sur-Lausanne Switzerland Center for Processing Speech and Images Department of Electrical Engineering KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 - box 2441 Leuven3001 Belgium Frankfurt/Mainz DKFZ UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Medicine Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Informatics Germany Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. Dortmund Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Imaging Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Centre for St

While the importance of automatic image analysis is continuously increasing, recent meta-research revealed major flaws with respect to algorithm validation. Performance metrics are particularly key for meaningful, objective, and transparent performance assessment and validation of the used automatic algorithms, but relatively little attention has been given to the practical pitfalls when using specific metrics for a given image analysis task. These are typically related to (1) the disregard of inherent metric properties, such as the behaviour in the presence of class imbalance or small target structures, (2) the disregard of inherent data set properties, such as the non-independence of the test cases, and (3) the disregard of the actual biomedical domain interest that the metrics should reflect. This living dynamically document has the purpose to illustrate important limitations of performance metrics commonly applied in the field of image analysis. In this context, it focuses on biomedical image analysis problems that can be phrased as image-level classification, semantic segmentation, instance segmentation, or object detection task. The current version is based on a Delphi process on metrics conducted by an international consortium of image analysis experts from more than 60 institutions worldwide. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Comprehensive parameter sweep for learning-based detector on traffic lights 12th

Comprehensive parameter sweep for learning-based detector on...

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12th International Symposium on Visual Computing, ISVC 2016

作者： Jensen, Morten B. Philipsen, Mark P. Moeslund, Thomas B. Trivedi, Mohan Visual Analysis of People Laboratory Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory UC San Diego La Jolla United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783319508313

Determining the optimal parameters for a given detection algorithm is not straightforward and what ends up as the final values is mostly based on experience and heuristics. In this paper we investigate the influence of three basic parameters in the widely used Aggregate Channel Features (ACF) object detector applied for traffic light detection. Additionally, we perform an exhaustive search for the optimal parameters for the night time data from the LISA Traffic Light Dataset. The optimized detector reaches an Area-Under-Curve of 66.63% on calculated precision-recall curve. © Springer International Publishing AG 2016.

关键词： Optimization

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Augmented Cognition via Brainwave Entrainment in Virtual Reality: An Open, Integrated Brain Augmentation in a Neuroscience System Approach

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Augmented Human research 2017年第1期2卷 1-14页

作者： Emanuele Argento George Papagiannakis Eva Baka Michail Maniadakis Panos Trahanias Michael Sfakianakis Ioannis Nestoros Computational Vision and Robotics Laboratory Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Heraklion Greece Department of Computer Science University of Crete Heraklion Greece Department of Medicine University of Greece Heraklion Greece Department of Business Administration University of Piraeus Piraeus Greece Synchronal Amphiaraia University of Crete Snip-off Company Athens Greece

Building on augmented cognition theory and technology, our novel contribution in this work enables accelerated, certain brain functions related to task performance as well as their enhancement. We integrated in an open-source framework, latest immersive virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays, with the Emotiv EPOC EEG headset in an open neuro- and biofeedback system for cognitive state detection and augmentation. Our novel methodology allows to significantly accelerate content presentation in immersive VR, while lowering brain frequency at alpha level—without losing content retention by the user. In our pilot experiments, we tested our innovative VR platform by presenting to N = 25 subjects a complex 3D maze test and different learning procedures for them on how to exit it. The subjects exposed to our VR-induced entrainment learning technology performed significantly better than those exposed to other “classical” learning procedures. In particular, cognitive task performance augmentation was measured for: learning time, complex navigational skills and decision-making abilities, orientation ability.

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Detection and localization with multi-scale models

Detection and localization with multi-scale models

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Eshed Ohn-Bar Mohan M. Trivedi Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory University of California San Diego

ISBN: (纸本)9781509048489

Object detection and localization in images involve a multi-scale reasoning process. First, responses of object detectors are known to vary with image scale. Second, contextual relationships on a part-level, object-level, and scene-level appear at different scales of the image. This paper studies efficient modeling of these two components by training multi-scale template models. The input to the proposed algorithm involves image features computed at varying image scales, hence operating on volumes in the feature pyramid. The approach generalizes single-scale, local-region detection approaches (e.g. sliding window or region proposals), jointly learning detection and localization cues. Extending the common single-scale detection to a multi-scale volume allows learning scale-specific models as well as analyzing the importance of contextual information at different scales. Experimental analysis on the PASCAL VOC dataset shows the method to considerably improve both detection and localization performance for different type of features, histogram of oriented gradients and deep convolutional neural network features.

关键词： Feature extraction Training Automobiles Pipelines Computational modeling Analytical models Image resolution

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What makes an on-road object important?

What makes an on-road object important?

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Eshed Ohn-Bar Mohan M. Trivedi Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory University of California San Diego

ISBN: (纸本)9781509048489

Human drivers continuously attend to important scene elements in order to safely and smoothly navigate in intricate environments and under uncertainty. This paper develops a human-centric framework for object recognition by analyzing a notion of object importance, as measured in a spatio-temporal context of driving a vehicle. Given a video, a main research question in this paper is - which of the surrounding agents are most important? The answer inherently requires complex reasoning over the current driving task, object properties, scene context, intent, and possible future actions. Therefore, we find that various spatio-temporal cues are relevant for the importance classification task. Furthermore, we demonstrate the usefulness of the importance annotations in evaluating vision algorithms (specifically, for the task of object detection) in an application where trust in automation is imperative and errors are costly. Finally, we show that importance-guided training of object detection models results in improved detection performance of surrounding objects of higher importance. Hence, such models may be better suited for use in representing safety-critical situations, predicting surrounding agents' intentions, and in human-robot interactivity. The dataset and code will be made publicly available.

关键词： Context Predictive models Navigation Training Computational modeling Three-dimensional displays Visualization

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Robust face recognition using key-point descriptors 10

Robust face recognition using key-point descriptors

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10th International Conference on computer vision Theory and Applications, VISAPP 2015

作者： Klemm, Soeren Andreu, Yasmina Henriquez, Pedro Matuszewski, Bogdan J. Robotics and Computer Vision Research Laboratory School of Computing Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Central Lancashire Preston United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9789897580901

Key-point based techniques have demonstrated a good performance for recognition of various objects in numerous computer vision applications. This paper investigates the use of some of the most popular key-point descriptors for face recognition. The emphasis is put on the experimental performance evaluation of the key-point based face recognition methods against some of the most popular and best performing techniques, utilising both global (Eigenfaces) and local (LBP, Gabor filters) information extracted from the whole face image. Most of the results reported in literature so far, on the use of the key-points descriptors for the face recognition, concluded that the methods based on processing of the full face image have somewhat better performances than methods using exclusively key-points. The results reported in this paper suggest that the performance of the key-point based methods could be at least comparable to the leading "whole face" methods and are often better suited to handle face recognition in practical applications, as they do not require face image co-registration, and perform well even with significantly occluded faces.

关键词： Face recognition

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Identifying the best machine learning algorithms for brain tumor segmentation, progression assessment, and overall survival prediction in the BRATS challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bakas, Spyridon Reyes, Mauricio Jakab, Andras Bauer, Stefan Rempfler, Markus Crimi, Alessandro Shinohara, Russell Takeshi Berger, Christoph Ha, Sung Min Rozycki, Martin Prastawa, Marcel Alberts, Esther Lipkova, Jana Freymann, John Kirby, Justin Bilello, Michel Fathallah-Shaykh, Hassan M. Wiest, Roland Kirschke, Jan Wiestler, Benedikt Colen, Rivka Kotrotsou, Aikaterini Lamontagne, Pamela Marcus, Daniel Milchenko, Mikhail Nazeri, Arash Weber, Marc-Andr Mahajan, Abhishek Baid, Ujjwal Gerstner, Elizabeth Kwon, Dongjin Acharya, Gagan Agarwal, Manu Alam, Mahbubul Albiol, Alberto Albiol, Antonio Albiol, Francisco J. Alex, Varghese Allinson, Nigel Amorim, Pedro H.A. Amrutkar, Abhijit Anand, Ganesh Andermatt, Simon Arbel, Tal Arbelaez, Pablo Avery, Aaron Azmat, Muneeza Pranjal, B. Bai, Wenjia Banerjee, Subhashis Barth, Bill Batchelder, Thomas Batmanghelich, Kayhan Battistella, Enzo Beers, Andrew Belyaev, Mikhail Bendszus, Martin Benson, Eze Bernal, Jose Bharath, Halandur Nagaraja Biros, George Bisdas, Sotirios Brown, James Cabezas, Mariano Cao, Shilei Cardoso, Jorge M. Carver, Eric N. Casamitjana, Adri Castillo, Laura Silvana Cat, Marcel Cattin, Philippe Cérigues, Albert Chagas, Vinicius S. Chandra, Siddhartha Chang, Yi-Ju Chang, Shiyu Chang, Ken Chazalon, Joseph Chen, Shengcong Chen, Wei Chen, Jefferson W. Chen, Zhaolin Cheng, Kun Choudhury, Ahana Roy Chylla, Roger Clrigues, Albert Colleman, Steven Colmeiro, Ramiro German Rodriguez Combalia, Marc Costa, Anthony Cui, Xiaomeng Dai, Zhenzhen Dai, Lutao Daza, Laura Alexandra Deutsch, Eric Ding, Changxing Dong, Chao Dong, Shidu Dudzik, Wojciech Eaton-Rosen, Zach Egan, Gary Escudero, Guilherme Estienne, Tho Everson, Richard Fabrizio, Jonathan Fan, Yong Fang, Longwei Feng, Xue Ferrante, Enzo Fidon, Lucas Fischer, Martin French, Andrew P. Fridman, Naomi Fu, Huan Fuentes, David Gao, Yaozong Gates, Evan Gering, David Gholami, Amir Gierke, Willi Glocker, Ben Gong, Mingming Gonzlez-Vill, Sandra Grosges, T. Guan, Yuanfang Guo, Sheng Gupta, Sudeep Han, Woo-Sup Han, Il Song Harmuth, Ko Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics University of Bern Bern Switzerland Center for MR-Research University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland Support Centre for Advanced Neuroimaging Inselspital Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States Image-Based Biomedical Modeling Group Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai Health System New YorkNY United States Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research FrederickMD21701 United States Cancer Imaging Program National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD20814 United States Department of Neurology University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL United States Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX United States Department of Psychology Washington University St. LouisMO United States Neuroimaging Informatics and Analysis Center Washington University St. LouisMO United States Department of Radiology Washington University St. LouisMO United States Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medical Center Rostock Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6 Rostock18057 Germany Tata Memorial Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai India Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology Nanded India NVIDIA Santa Clara

Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancies, with different degrees of aggressiveness, variable prognosis and various heterogeneous histologic sub-regions, i.e., peritumoral edematous/invaded tissue, necrotic core, active and non-enhancing core. This intrinsic heterogeneity is also portrayed in their radio-phenotype, as their sub-regions are depicted by varying intensity profiles disseminated across multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) scans, reflecting varying biological properties. Their heterogeneous shape, extent, and location are some of the factors that make these tumors difficult to resect, and in some cases inoperable. The amount of resected tumor is a factor also considered in longitudinal scans, when evaluating the apparent tumor for potential diagnosis of progression. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence that accurate segmentation of the various tumor sub-regions can offer the basis for quantitative image analysis towards prediction of patient overall survival. This study assesses the state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) methods used for brain tumor image analysis in mpMRI scans, during the last seven instances of the International Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) challenge, i.e., 2012-2018. Specifically, we focus on i) evaluating segmentations of the various glioma sub-regions in pre-operative mpMRI scans, ii) assessing potential tumor progression by virtue of longitudinal growth of tumor sub-regions, beyond use of the RECIST/RANO criteria, and iii) predicting the overall survival from pre-operative mpMRI scans of patients that underwent gross total resection. Finally, we investigate the challenge of identifying the best ML algorithms for each of these tasks, considering that apart from being diverse on each instance of the challenge, the multi-institutional mpMRI BraTS dataset has also been a continuously evolving/growing dataset. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tumors

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vision System and Depth Processing for DRC-HUBO+

Vision System and Depth Processing for DRC-HUBO+

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation

作者： Inwook Shim Seunghak Shin Yunsu Bok Kyungdon Joo Dong-Geol Choi Joon-Young Lee Jaesik Park Jun-Ho Oh In So Kweon Robotics and Computer Vision Laboratory Dep. of EE KAIST Daejeon 305-701 Korea Adobe Research San Jose CA 95110 United States Intel Labs Santa Clara CA 95054 United States Humanoid Research Center Dep. of ME KAIST Daejeon 305-701 Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781467380270

This paper presents a vision system and a depth processing algorithm for DRC-HUBO+, the winner of the DRC finals 2015. Our system is designed to reliably capture 3D information of a scene and objects and to be robust to challenging environment conditions. We also propose a depth-map upsampling method that produces an outliers-free depth map by explicitly handling depth outliers. Our system is suitable for robotic applications in which a robot interacts with the real-world, requiring accurate object detection and pose estimation. We evaluate our depth processing algorithm in comparison with state-of-the-art algorithms on several synthetic and real-world datasets.

关键词： System Depth Processing

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Traffic Light Detection: A Learning Algorithm and Evaluations on Challenging Dataset

Traffic Light Detection: A Learning Algorithm and Evaluation...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Mark Philip Philipsen Morten Bornø Jensen Andreas Møgelmose Thomas B. Moeslund Mohan M. Trivedi UC San Diego Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory La Jolla CA USA Visual Analysis of People Laboratory Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark

Traffic light recognition (TLR) is an integral part of any intelligent vehicle, which must function in the existing infrastructure. Pedestrian and sign detection have recently seen great improvements due to the introduction of learning based detectors using integral channel features. A similar push have not yet been seen for the detection sub-problem of TLR, where detection is dominated by methods based on heuristic models. Evaluation of existing systems is currently limited primarily to small local datasets. In order to provide a common basis for comparing future TLR research an extensive public database is collected based on footage from US roads. The database consists of both test and training data, totaling 46,418 frames and 112,971 annotated traffic lights, captured in continuous sequences under a varying light and weather conditions. The learning based detector achieves an AUC of 0.4 and 0.32 for day sequence 1 and 2, respectively, which is more than an order of magnitude better than the two heuristic model-based detectors.

关键词： Detectors Image color analysis Feature extraction Databases computer vision Intelligent vehicles Roads

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Day and night-time drive analysis using stereo vision for naturalistic driving studies

Day and night-time drive analysis using stereo vision for na...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Mark P. Philipsen Morten B. Jensen Ravi K. Satzoda Mohan M. Trivedi Andreas Møgelmose Thomas B. Moeslund Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory La Jolla CA USA Visual Analysis of People Laboratory Aalborg University Aal-borg Denmark Aalborg Universitet Aalborg DK

In order to understand dangerous situations in the driving environment, naturalistic driving studies (NDS) are conducted by collecting and analyzing data from sensors looking inside and outside of the car. Manually processing the overwhelming amounts of data that are generated in such studies is very comprehensive. We propose a method for automatic data reduction for NDS based on stereo vision vehicle detection and tracking during day- and nighttime. The developed system can automatically register five NDS events, mainly related to intersections, from an existing NDS dictionary. We propose a new drive event which takes advantage of the extra dimension provided by stereo vision. In total, six drive events are selected on the basis of them being problematic to detect automatically using conventional monocular computer vision approaches. The proposed system is evaluated on day-and nighttime data, resulting in drive analysis report. The proposed system reach an overall precision of 0.78 and an overall recall of 0.72.

关键词： Vehicles Stereo vision Roads Three-dimensional displays Noise Vehicle detection Vehicle crash testing

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