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Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Changhu Wang Zheng Song Shuicheng Yan Lei Zhang Hong-Jiang Zhang MOE-MS Key Laboratory of MCC University of Science and Technology China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Microsoft Research Asia China Microsoft Advanced Technology Center Beijing China

In this paper, we study the problem of nonnegative graph embedding, originally investigated in [J. Yang et al., 2008] for reaping the benefits from both nonnegative data factorization and the specific purpose characterized by the intrinsic and penalty graphs. Our contributions are two-fold. On the one hand, we present a multiplicative iterative procedure for nonnegative graph embedding, which significantly reduces the computational cost compared with the iterative procedure in [14] involving the matrix inverse calculation of an M-matrix. On the other hand, the nonnegative graph embedding framework is expressed in a more general way by encoding each datum as a tensor of arbitrary order, which brings a group of byproducts, e.g., nonnegative discriminative tensor factorization algorithm, with admissible time and memory cost. Extensive experiments compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms on nonnegative data factorization, graph embedding, and tensor representation demonstrate the algorithmic properties in computation speed, sparsity, discriminating power, and robustness to realistic image occlusions.

关键词： Tensile stress Asia Computational efficiency Encoding Iterative algorithms Costs Embedded computing Robustness Psychology Humans

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computer vision localization based on pseudo-satellites

Computer vision localization based on pseudo-satellites

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IEEE National Conference on Aerospace and Electronics (NAECON)

作者： Kevin R. Huggins Michael A. McGrath Yuan F. Zheng Robert L. Ewing Ohio State Uinversity Columbus OH USA Ohio State University Columbus OH US Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State Uinversity Columbus OH USA US Air Force Research Laboratory OH USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424444946

In following the ¿Signals of Opportunity¿ theme of the NAECON '09 Grand Challenge, we explore using computer-vision techniques for localization and orientation techniques to complement navigation via the pseudo-satellite technique proposed in. The proposed approach is not affected by the strength of the microwave, and is more accurate than the conventional time of arrival approaches. Methods based on limited and varying information of markers is discussed. Simple applications and experimentation based on augmenting a motorized wheelchair for vision applications is discussed.

关键词： computer vision Global Positioning System Satellite broadcasting Orbital calculations Navigation Receivers Clocks Force sensors Application software Cameras

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Meeting report: the terabase metagenomics workshop and the vision of an Earth microbiome project

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Standards in genomic sciences 2010年第3期3卷 243-8页

作者： Jack A Gilbert Folker Meyer Dion Antonopoulos Pavan Balaji C Titus Brown Christopher T Brown Narayan Desai Jonathan A Eisen Dirk Evers Dawn Field Wu Feng Daniel Huson Janet Jansson Rob Knight James Knight Eugene Kolker Kostas Konstantindis Joel Kostka Nikos Kyrpides Rachel Mackelprang Alice McHardy Christopher Quince Jeroen Raes Alexander Sczyrba Ashley Shade Rick Stevens Argonne National Laboratory Argonne USA Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Chicago Chicago USA College of Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing USA Department of Microbiology and Cell Science University of Florida Gainesville USA Department of Evolution and Ecology University of California Davis USA DOE Joint Genome Institute Walnut Creek USA Illumina Saffron Walden UK NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology UK Department of Computer Science and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg USA Department of Cancer Biology and Translational Science Institute Wake Forest University Winston-Salem USA Center for Bioinformatics ZBIT Tübingen University Tübingen Germany Earth Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Boulder USA Roche-454 Branford USA Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle USA School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and School of Biology Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA The Florida State University Tallahassee USA Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf Germany Max-Planck Research Group for Computational Genomics and Epidemiology Max-Planck-Institut fur Informatik Saarbrücken Germany Department of Civil Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow UK Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions VIB - University of Brussels Brussels Belgium Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Yale University New Haven USA

Between July 18(th) and 24(th) 2010, 26 leading microbial ecology, computation, bioinformatics and statistics researchers came together in Snowbird, Utah (USA) to discuss the challenge of how to best characterize the microbial world using next-generation sequencing technologies. The meeting was entitled "Terabase Metagenomics" and was sponsored by the Institute for Computing in Science (ICiS) summer 2010 workshop program. The aim of the workshop was to explore the fundamental questions relating to microbial ecology that could be addressed using advances in sequencing potential. Technological advances in next-generation sequencing platforms such as the Illumina HiSeq 2000 can generate in excess of 250 billion base pairs of genetic information in 8 days. Thus, the generation of a trillion base pairs of genetic information is becoming a routine matter. The main outcome from this meeting was the birth of a concept and practical approach to exploring microbial life on earth, the Earth Microbiome Project (EMP). Here we briefly describe the highlights of this meeting and provide an overview of the EMP concept and how it can be applied to exploration of the microbiome of each ecosystem on this planet.

关键词： Microbial Community Microbial Genome Metabolic Flux Analysis Metagenomic Data Human Microbiome Project

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Building detection from aerial images using invariant color features and shadow information

Building detection from aerial images using invariant color ...

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2008 23rd International Symposium on computer and Information Sciences, ISCIS 2008

作者： Sirmaçek, Beril Ünsalan, Cem Computer Vision Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Yeditepe University Istanbul 34755 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428816

Robust detection of buildings is an important part of the automated aerial image interpretation problem. Automatic detection of buildings enables creation of maps, detecting changes, and monitoring urbanization. Due to the complexity and uncontrolled appearance of the scene, an intelligent fusion of different methods gives better results. In this study, we present a novel approach for building detection using multiple cues. We benefit from segmentation of aerial images using invariant color features. Besides, we use the edge and shadow information for building detection. We also determine the shape of the building by a novel method. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Buildings

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Efficient three-view triangulation based on 3D optimization

Efficient three-view triangulation based on 3D optimization

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2008 19th British Machine vision Conference, BMVC 2008

作者： Nordberg, Klas Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781901725360

Triangulation of a 3D point from two or more views can be solved in several ways depending on how perturbations in the image coordinates are dealt with. A common approach is optimal triangulation which minimizes the total L2 reprojection error in the images, corresponding to finding a maximum likelihood estimate of the 3D point assuming independent Gaussian noise in the image spaces. Computational approaches for optimal triangulation have been published for the stereo case and, recently, also for the three-view case. In short, they solve an independent optimization problem for each 3D point, using relatively complex computations such as finding roots of high order polynomials or matrix decompositions. This paper discuss three-view triangulation and reports the following results: (1) the 3D point can be computed as multi-linear mapping (tensor) applied on the homogeneous image coordinates, (2) the set of triangulation tensors forms a 7-dimensional space determined by the camera matrices, (3) given a set of corresponding 3D/2D calibration points, the 3D residual L1 errors can be optimized over the elements in the 7-dimensional space, (4) using the resulting tensor as initial value, the error can be further reduced by tuning the tensor in a two-step iterative process, (5) the 3D residual L1 error for a set of evaluation points which lie close to the calibration set is comparable to the three-view optimal method. In summary, three-view triangulation can be done by first performing an optimization of the triangulation tensor and once this is done, triangulation can be made with 3D residual error at the same level as the optimal method, but at a much lower computational cost. This makes the proposed method attractive for real-time three-view triangulation of large data sets provided that the necessary calibration process can be performed.

关键词： Tensors

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Analysis, simulation and implementation of a human inspired pole climbing robot

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11th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots and the Support Technologies for Mobile Machines, CLAWAR 2008

作者： Sadeghi, A. Moradi, H. Ahmadabadi, Majid Nili Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9812835768

In this paper we present the design, analysis, simulation and implementation of a novel design for a naturally stable climbing robot that has been inspired from human pole/tree climbers. The other features of this robot are its simple design, ease of control, light weight, simple mechanism and fast climbing speed. The robot consists of three wheels, two free and one active wheel which enable the robot to climb or descend poles. The free wheels are almost frictionless while the active wheel has enough friction to be able to apply force on the pole for stable climbing or descending. The wheels are designed such that the robot can compensate for misplacements eliminating possible detachment from poles. The static analysis of the robot is formulated and the robot is simulated and actually tested. The results show the unique characteristics of this robot that make it more stable if more weight is carried.

关键词： Poles

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IEEE Transactions on Haptics: Editorial

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IEEE Transactions on Haptics 2008年第1期1卷 2-8页

作者： Edward Colgate, J. Lederman, Susan Prattichizzo, Domenico Barbagli, Federico Basdogan, Cagatay Buss, Martin Ernst, Marc Frisoli, Antonio Gillespie, Brent Grant, Danny Harders, Matthias Hayward, Vincent Jones, Lynette Kajimoto, Hiroyuki Kappers, Astrid Kheddar, Abderrahmane Lin, Ming C. MacLean, Karon Miller, Brian Noma, Haruo Okamura, Allison M. O'Malley, Mareia Ryu, Jeha Tan, Hong Z. Yokokohji, Yasuyoshi Department of Psychology School of Computing Queen's University Canada IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Tübingen Germany Stanford University's Computer Science Department Tübingen Germany Institute of Automatic Control Engineering Technische Universität München Germany Independent Research Group Multisensory Perception and Action Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen Germany Department of Applied Mechanics SSSA Japan Research Division Virtual Reality and Telerobotic Systems PERCRO Laboratory Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Japan Department of Robotics McGill University Canada Computer Vision Lab ETH Zurich Japan Virtual Reality in Medicine Group Japan IEEE CS/RAS Technical Committee on Haptics Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Japan University of Electro-Communications Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Utrecht University Netherlands University of Evry France Chapel Hill United States Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Canada ATR Knowledge Science Lab United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Denmark Johns Hopkins University United States Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics United Kingdom Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical Systems and Technology United States Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Department Rice University United States Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Psychological Sciences Purdue University United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Japan

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Exploring the use of proper orthogonal decomposition for enhancing blood flow images via computational fluid dynamics

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11th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2008

作者： McGregor, Robert Szczerba, Dominik Von Siebenthal, Martin Muralidhar, Krishnamurthy Székely, Gábor Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering ETH Zürich 8092 Switzerland Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur UP 208 016 India

ISBN: (纸本)3540859896

Obtaining high quality patient-specific flow velocity information is not an easy task. Available clinical data are usually poorly resolved and contain a significant amount of noise. We propose a novel approach to integrate computational fluid dynamics with measurement data to overcome this difficulty. By performing a proper orthogonal decomposition of simulated blood flow patterns for a given vascular location with various anatomical configurations it is possible to obtain a basis model for flow reconstruction. This is used to interpolate imaging data intelligently without having to perform a full flow simulation for each individual patient. This work focuses on assessing the feasibility of such a method. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Camera handoff with adaptive resource management for multi-camera multi-target surveillance

Camera handoff with adaptive resource management for multi-c...

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IEEE 5th International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, AVSS 2008

作者： Chen, Chung-Hao Yi, Yao Page, David Abidi, Besma Koschan, Andreas Abidi, Mongi Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 United States GE Global Research Center Niskayuna NY 12309 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769533414

Camera handoff is a crucial step to generate a continuously tracked and consistently labeled trajectory of the object of interest in multi-camera surveillance systems. Most existing camera handoff algorithms concentrate on data association, namely consistent labeling, where images of the same object are matched across different cameras. However, most real-time object tracking systems see a decrease in the system's frame rate as the number of tracked objects increases. To address this issue, we propose to incorporate an adaptive resource management mechanism into camera handoff. In so doing, cameras' resources can be dynamically allocated to multiple objects according to their priorities and hence the required minimum frame rate can be maintained. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed camera handoff algorithm is capable of maintaining a constant frame rate and of achieving a substantially improved handoff success rate by approximately 20% in comparison with the algorithm presented by Khan and Shah. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Cameras

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Moving object removal in video sequence and background restoration using kalman filter

Moving object removal in video sequence and background resto...

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International Symposium on Telecommunications, IST

作者： Saeed Kamel Hossein Ebrahimnezhad Afshin Ebrahimi Computer Vision Research Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department Sahand University of Technology Tabriz Iran

Object removal in image and video sequences has attracted many researchers in video processing. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to separate moving objects from background based on combination of Kalman filtering and background subtraction. Also, a video completion algorithm is proposed to remove the extracted objects. This algorithm uses the temporal information of frames to complete the holes appeared after object removal. The holes associated to the fixed objects in background model are removed and filled by image completion algorithm based on exemplar texture synthesis. Experimental results demonstrate the privilege performance of the proposed method in object removing and background restoration of real captured video sequences.

关键词： Kalman filters Pixel Motion segmentation computer vision Image color analysis Image restoration Filtering

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