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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kim, Kyuho Park, Kunwoo Park, Hyungchul Yu, Sunkyu Park, Namkyoo Piao, Xianji Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Wave Engineering Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Seoul Seoul02504 Korea Republic of

Unitarity serves as a fundamental concept for characterizing linear and conservative wave phenomena in both classical and quantum systems. Developing platforms that perform unitary operations on light waves in a universal and programmable manner enables the emulation of complex light-matter interactions and the execution of general-purpose functionalities for wave manipulations, photonic computing, and quantum circuits. Recently, numerous approaches to implementing programmable photonic unitary circuits have been proposed and demonstrated, each employing different design strategies that distinctly impact overall device performance. Here, we review foundational design principles and recent achievements in the implementation of programmable photonic unitary circuits, with a particular focus on integrated photonic platforms. We classify the design strategies based on the dimensionality of nontrivial unit operations in their building blocks: lower-dimensional unitary units, such as SU(2) operations, and higher-dimensional ones, such as Fourier transforms. In each category, recent efforts to leverage alternative physical axes, such as the temporal and frequency domains, to address scalability challenges are also reviewed. We discuss the underlying concepts, design procedures, and trade-offs of each design strategy, especially in relation to light-based computing. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photonic integrated circuits

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Volumetric B1+ field homogenization in 7 Tesla brain MRI using metasurface scattering

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yoon, Gyoungsub Yu, Sunkyu Lee, Jongho Park, Namkyoo Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Laboratory for Imaging Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

Ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF MRI) has become an indispensable tool for human brain imaging, offering excellent diagnostic accuracy while avoiding the risks associated with invasive modalities. When the radiofrequency magnetic field of the UHF MRI encounters the multifaceted complexity of the brain—characterized by wavelength-scale, dissipative, and random heterogeneous materials—detrimental mesoscopic challenges such as B1+ field inhomogeneity and local heating arise. Here we develop the metasurface design inspired by scattering theory to achieve the volumetric field homogeneity in the UHF MRI. The method focuses on finding the scattering ansatz systematically and incorporates a pruning technique to achieve the minimum number of participating modes, which guarantees stable practical implementation. Using full-wave analysis of realistic human brain models under a 7 Tesla MRI, we demonstrate more than a twofold improvement in field homogeneity and suppressed local heating, achieving better performance than even the commercial 3 Tesla MRI. The result shows a noninvasive generalization of constant intensity waves in optics, offering a universal methodology applicable to higher Tesla MRI. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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The ChatGPT After: Building Knowledge Factories for Knowledge Workers with Knowledge Automation

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第11期10卷 2041-2044页

作者： Yutong Wang Xiao Wang Xingxia Wang Jing Yang Oliver Kwan Lingxi Li Fei-Yue Wang State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefei 230039China Motion G Inc068898Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and TechnologyIndiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndiana 46202-5132 USA IEEE

Briefing: This perspective introduces the concept and framework of knowledge factories with knowledge machines for knowledge workers to achieve knowledge automation for Industry 5.0 and intelligent *** The big hit of Chat GPT makes it imperative to contemplate the practical applications of big or foundation models [1]-[5]. However, as compared to conventional models, there is now an increasingly urgent need for foundation intelligence of foundation models for real-world industrial applications.

关键词： Automation template Chat GPT

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Computing Riemann zeros with light scattering

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yu, Sunkyu Piao, Xianji Park, Namkyoo Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Wave Engineering Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Seoul Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Finding hidden order within disorder is a common interest in material science1,2, wave physics3,4, and mathematics5. The Riemann hypothesis, stating the locations of nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function6, tentatively characterizes statistical order in the seemingly random distribution of prime numbers. This famous conjecture has inspired various connections with different branches of physics7, recently with non-Hermitian physics8,9, quantum field theory10, trapped-ion qubits11, and hyperuniformity12,13. Here we develop the computing platform for the Riemann zeta function by employing classical scattering of light. We show that the Riemann hypothesis suggests the landscape of semi-infinite optical scatterers for the perfect reflectionless condition under the Born approximation. To examine the validity of the scattering-based computation, we investigate the asymptotic behaviours of suppressed reflections with the increasing number of scatterers and the emergence of multiple scattering. The result provides another bridge between classical physics and the Riemann zeros, exhibiting the design of wave devices inspired by number theory. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Born approximation

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Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Using Oriented Steel in Proportion to Segmentation on Core Loss of AC Electric Machine Stator

Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Using Oriented Stee...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Khoshoo, Bhuvan Aggarwal, Anmol Agapiou, John Foster, Shanelle N. Michigan State University Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering East LansingMI United States General Motors PontiacMI United States General Motors Manufacturing Systems Research Laboratory WarrenMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

The strategic incorporation of oriented steel in a segmented stator AC electric machine has the potential to enhance machine performance by reducing core losses compared to a machine designed with non-oriented steel. However, the introduction of cut-edges and the stress on individual segments resulting from segmented stator construction may have unintended consequences. Despite several attempts to assess the impact of cut-edges or oriented steel on core losses in segmented stators, the literature lacks an analysis of the loss separation between tooth and back-iron components using manufactured stators. This gap in understanding prevents a comprehensive assessment of the true impact of using oriented steel in segmented stator construction for core loss improvement. In this work, the loss of each tooth and back-iron segment is calculated by conducting experiments with three different electromagnetic devices, specifically H-shaped steel laminations. By comparing the results from three manufactured stators, we elucidate the influence of oriented steel in proportion to the segmented stator construction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stators

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Machine learning predicts long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction using systolic time intervals and routinely collected clinical data

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 170-176页

作者： Bijan Roudini Boshra Khajehpiri Hamid Abrishami Moghaddam Mohamad Forouzanfar Department of Systems Engineering School of Advanced TechnologyUniversity of QuebecMontrealCanada Machine Vision and Medical Image Processing(MVMIP)Laboratory Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringK.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran Research Center of the Montreal University Institute of Geriatrics MontrealCanada

Background Precise estimation of current and future comorbidities of patients with cardiovascular disease is an important factor in prioritizing continuous physiological monitoring and new *** learning(ML)models have shown satisfactory performance in short-term mortality prediction in patients with heart disease,whereas their utility in long-term predictions is *** study aimed to investigate the performance of tree-based ML models on long-term mortality prediction and effect of two recently introduced biomarkers on long-term *** This study used publicly available data from the Collaboration Center of Health Information Appli-cation at the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Taiwan,*** collected data were from patients admitted to the cardiac care unit for acute myocardial infarction(AMI)between November 2003 and September *** collected and analyzed mortality data up to December *** records were used to gather demo-graphic and clinical data,including age,gender,body mass index,percutaneous coronary intervention status,and comorbidities such as hypertension,dyslipidemia,ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial *** the data,collected from 139 patients with AMI,from medical and demographic records as well as two recently introduced biomarkers,brachial pre-ejection period(bPEP)and brachial ejection time(bET),we investigated the performance of advanced ensemble tree-based ML algorithms(random forest,AdaBoost,and XGBoost)to predict all-cause mortality within 14 years.A nested cross-validation was performed to evaluate and compare the performance of our developed models precisely with that of the conventional logistic regression(LR)as the baseline *** The developed ML models achieved significantly better performance compared to the baseline LR(C-Statistic,0.80 for random forest,0.79 for AdaBoost,and 0.78 for XGBoost,vs.0.77 for LR)(PRF<0.001,PAdaBoost<0.001,a

关键词： Electrocardiogram Predication Mortality prediction Machine learning

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Multi-Timescale Trading Strategy for Renewable Power to Ammonia Virtual Power Plant in the Electricity, Hydrogen, and Ammonia Markets

IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation 2023年第4期1卷 322-335页

作者： Wu, Sirui Lin, Jin Li, Jiarong Liu, Feng Song, Yonghua Xu, Yanhui Cheng, Xiang Yu, Zhipeng Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing100087 China Tsinghua University Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Chengdu610213 China University of Macau Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Macau999078 China Tsinghua University Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing100087 China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

Renewablepower to ammonia (RePtA) is a prominent zero-carbon pathway for decarbonization. Due to the imbalance between renewables and production energy demand, the RePtA system relies on electricity exchange with the power grid. Participating in the electricity market as a virtual power plant (VPP) may help to reduce energy costs. However, the power profile of local photovoltaics and wind turbines is similar to those in the market, resulting in rising energy costs under the conventional strategy. Hence, we develop a multi-timescale trading strategy for the RePtA VPP in the electricity, hydrogen, and ammonia markets. By utilizing the hydrogen and ammonia buffer systems, the RePtA VPP can optimally coordinate production planning. Moreover, we find it possible to describe the trading of electricity, ammonia, and hydrogen in a unified timeframe. The two-stage robust optimization model of the electricity market is extended to multiple markets and solved by the column and constraint generation (CC&G) algorithm. The case is derived from an actual project in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates the economic advantages of the RePtA VPP joining multiple markets over the conventional strategy and reveals the necessity of the hydrogen and ammonia buffer and reactor flexibility. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Ammonia

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Ensemble and Personalized Transformer Models for Subject Identification and Relapse Detection in E-Prevention Challenge

Ensemble and Personalized Transformer Models for Subject Ide...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Salvatore Calcagno Raffaele Mineo Daniela Giordano Concetto Spampinato Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision Laboratory (PeRCeiVe Lab) University of Catania Italy

In this short paper, we present the devised solutions for the subject identification and relapse detection tasks, which are part of the e-Prevention Challenge hosted at the ICASSP 2023 conference [1] [2] [3]. We specifically design an ensemble scheme of six models - five transformer-based ones and a CNN model - for the identification of subjects from wearable devices, while a personalized - one for each subject - scheme is used for relapse detection in psychotic disorder. Our final submitted solutions yield top performance on both tracks of the challenge: we ranked 2 nd on the subject identification task (with an accuracy of 93.85%) and 1 st on the relapse detection task (with a ROC-AUC and PR-AUC of about 0.65). Code and details are available at https://***/perceivelab/e-prevention-icassp-2023.

关键词： Performance evaluation Codes Wearable computers Signal processing Transformers Acoustics Object recognition

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Retinal disorder diagnosis based on hybrid deep learning models

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-25页

作者： Sedik, Ahmed El-Shafai, Walid El-Hag, Noha A. El-Banby, Ghada M. Abd El-Samie, Fathi E. Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of the Robotics and Intelligent Machines Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafr el-Sheikh Egypt Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt The Higher Institute of Commercial Sciences Algarbia Al Mahalla Al Kubra31951 Egypt Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Anomaly detection from medical images is badly needed for automated diagnosis. For example, medical images obtained with several modalities, such as magnetic resonance (MR) and confocal microscopy, need to be classified for anomaly detection. The MR images may contain tumors that need to be detected with anomaly detection techniques. In MR imaging, brain tumors are represented as areas composed of abnormal cells that need to be detected. On the other hand, confocal microscopy can be used for retinal imaging. Hence, there is a need to apply classification techniques for diagnosing diseases of the eye, such as Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), which leads to exudates in different regions of the retina. The detection of exudates is necessary for the diagnosis of DR. In this paper, two models are presented for the classification of MR and retinal images. Much research has been done in this area, but it did not achieve high accuracy of classification in an acceptable time. In addition, the previous models did not consider both types of image modalities considered in this paper. The suggested models are Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (Conv-LSTM). They are used to classify normal and abnormal cases of both brain tumor and DR diseases. The CNN model is composed of six convolutional layers and six max-pooling layers. A soft-max activation function takes the classification decision. The proposed Conv-LSTM model is composed of three stages: pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. The deep learning model performance is better than those of traditional networks. The CNN gives an accuracy of 94.26% for DR classification and 95.8% for brain tumor classification, while the Conv-LSTM gives the maximum accuracy of 96.41% for DR classification and 97.4% for brain tumor classification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Confocal microscopy

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A Cyber-Physical Smart Grid Testbed for Validation of GOOSE-Based Protection Strategies

A Cyber-Physical Smart Grid Testbed for Validation of GOOSE-...

引用

2022 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, IAS 2022

作者： Abdelrahman, Mahmoud S. Kharchouf, Ibtissam Alrashide, Abdulmueen Mohammed, Osama A. Florida International University Energy Systems Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MiamiFL33174 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665478151

ISBN: (纸本)9781665478151

Although smart grid technologies bring valuable economic, social, and environmental benefits, testing the combination of heterogeneous and co-existing cyber-physical grid structure with legacy technologies presents many challenges. To overcome these challenges without adversely affecting the real-time environment, testbeds are required to explore, develop, evaluate, and validate security controls and protection algorithms in the power system. This paper presents an improved hardware/software design of the smart grid testbed at the Energy systems Research laboratory, Florida International University. The hardware/software-based system includes implementing protection and control strategies for power systems with industrial-grade commercial devices to represent the holistic real-time operation of smart power grid. By leveraging resources available at FIU's smart grid testbed, an in-depth experimental analysis is performed to demonstrate and verify the successful operation of the GOOSE publish-subscribe protocol towards the substation protection within the smart grid setup. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Smart power grids

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