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A Comprehensive Methodology of Field-Oriented control Design With Parameter Variation Analysis for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 89524-89541页

作者： Tiago Davi Curi Busarello Abdullah Bubshait Oruganti V. S. R. Varaprasad Abdulhakeem Alsaleem Marcelo Godoy Simões Department of Control Automation and Computation Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering King Faisal University Al Ahsa Saudi Arabia Smart Transportation Electrification and Energy Research (STEER) Group Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Ontario Tech University Oshawa ON Canada Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia School of Technology and Innovations University of Vaasa Vaasa Finland

This paper proposes a comprehensive methodology for Field-Oriented control (FOC) with parameter variation analysis for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (IPMSM). The modeling approach for an IPMSM is first presented, followed by a step-by-step procedure for designing a vector-controlled strategy. The formulation is based on a dq-rotating reference frame aligned with the rotor shaft position. A key distinction of this methodology from traditional approaches is that the current controller is designed in the time domain based on desired time constants, while the speed control is formulated within a frequency response domain framework. The proposed hybrid approach enables accurate tuning of the Proportional-Integrator (PI) controllers for both current and speed control loops. Additionally, a parameter variation analysis is conducted to enhance the proposed methodology. The validity region for the design procedure is presented, ensuring that for any wide speed variation of the machine, loop gains are properly tuned. One of the main advantages of the proposed methodology is that it provides a fast, reliable, and accurate technique for implementing IPMSM drive systems. Results from a controller Hardware-in-the-Loop (C-HIL) setup with an external microcontroller are presented. The comprehensive design approach is validated under two different IPMSM parameter sets, demonstrating its effectiveness.

关键词： PI control Stators Tuning Mathematical models Velocity control Rotors Vectors Stator windings Robustness Microcontrollers

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Node-Decomposition Privacy-Preserving for Finite-Time Secondary control of DC Microgrids

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IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2025年

作者： Wu, Han Zhu, Si-Min Chai, Li Zhu, Zhen-Hua Tian, Yu-Chu Wuhan University of Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Automation and Measurement Technology School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Wuhan430081 China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Huzhou Institute of Industrial Control Technology Huzhou China Queensland University of Technology School of Computer Science BrisbaneQLD4001 Australia

In the distributed secondary control of DC microgrids, achieving both rapid convergence and robust information security is critical for enhancing control performance and maintaining power quality. However, current privacy-preserving approaches often compromise either control performance or privacy preservation performance. To address this challenge, this paper presents a node-decomposition privacy-preserving (NDPP) method for fully distributed, finite-time secondary control in DC microgrids. By splitting each node in the communication graph into multiple sub-nodes, the method enhances both convergence speed and privacy preservation without sacrificing control accuracy. Sub-nodes communicate within groups, and the topology of the generated graph is concealed from malicious nodes and eavesdroppers. Theoretical analysis is provided to prove finite-time voltage regulation and current sharing with privacy preservation against malicious nodes and external eavesdroppers. Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the method in maintaining control performance and power quality. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Privacy by design

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FGF3D: A Point Cloud 3D Object Detection Algorithm Based on Fine-Grained Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年

作者： Li, Bing Xu, Yunheng Wang, Shuoheng Wang, Xinwen Chen, Jie Li, Xinde Li, Yingsong Huang, ZhiXiang Anhui University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hefei230601 China Southeast University School of Automation Nanjing210096 China Nanjing Center for Applied Mathematics Nanjing211135 China Anhui University Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei230601 China 38th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Hefei230088 China Southeast University Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE School of Automation Nanjing210096 China Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518063 China

In the existing two-stage point cloud 3D object detection task, there are problems such as the lack of fine-grained and insufficient sparsity of point cloud features extracted by the backbone network, the lack of spatial-channel fine-grained fusion of bird-eye-view (BEV) features, and the lack of multi-dimensional representation of ROI pooling features. We innovatively propose a new two-stage algorithm based on fine-grained feature fusion, called FGF3D. We construct a sparsegrained aggregation network (SGANet) to elevate the representation of point cloud features. Furthermore, we innovatively propose a spatial-channel fine-grained fusion module (SCFFM) to enrich BEV features and efficiently extract fine-grained features. Further, we propose a global-local feature pooling fusion module (GLFP), which effectively fuses local detail object features and global features, enhances multi-dimensional representations, and facilitates the refined regression of proposal boxes. Without bells and whistles, FGF3D attains excellent performance on two autonomous driving benchmarks, with detection accuracies of up to 64.10% on KITTI, 57.82% on ONCE. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Fault Detection and Fault-Tolerant control Based on Bi-LSTM Network and SPRT for Aircraft Braking System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering (English Edition) 2025年第1期38卷 1-17页

作者： Li, Renjie Shang, Yaoxing Cai, Jinglin Liu, Xiaochao Geng, Lingdong Qi, Pengyuan Jiao, Zongxia School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Aircraft Systems Beihang University Beijing100191 China Ningbo Institute of Technology Beihang University Ningbo315800 China Tianmushan Laboratory Hangzhou310023 China China Space Sanjiang Group Co. Ltd. Wuhan430040 China Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory Beihang University Beijing100191 China Aerospace Information Research Institute of QiLu Jinan250001 China

The aircraft braking system is critical to ensure the safe take-off and landing of the aircraft. However, the braking system is often exposed to high temperatures and strong vibration working environments, which makes the sensor prone to failure. Sensor failure has the potential to compromise aircraft safety. In order to improve the safety of the aircraft braking system, a fault detection and fault-tolerant control (FDFTC) strategy for the aircraft brake pressure sensor is designed. Firstly, a model based on a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network is constructed to estimate the brake pressure. Then, the residual sequence is obtained by comparing the measured pressure with the estimated pressure. On this basis, the improved sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) method based on mathematical statistics is applied to analyze the residual sequence to detect the fault. Finally, simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing results indicate that the proposed FDFTC strategy can detect sensor faults in time and efficiently complete braking when faults occur. Hence, the proposed FDFTC strategy can effectively deal with the faults of the aircraft brake pressure sensor, which is of great significance to improve the reliability and safety of the aircraft. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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Cloud-Fog automation: The New Paradigm towards Autonomous Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jin, Jiong Pang, Zhibo Kua, Jonathan Zhu, Quanyan Johansson, Karl H. Marchenko, Nikolaj Cavalcanti, Dave School of Engineering Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Department of Intelligent Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden Department of Automation Technology ABB Corporate Research Sweden Västerås72226 Sweden School of Information Technology Deakin University GeelongVIC3220 Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tandon School of Engineering New York University BrooklynNY11201 United States Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital Futures KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden Corporate Research Robert Bosch GmbH Renningen71272 Germany Intel Corporation Santa ClaraCA95054 United States

Autonomous Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS) represent a future vision where industrial systems achieve full autonomy, integrating physical processes seamlessly with communication, computing and control technologies while holistically embedding intelligence. Cloud-Fog automation is a new digitalized industrial automation reference architecture that has been recently proposed. This architecture is a fundamental paradigm shift from the traditional International Society of automation (ISA)-95 model to accelerate the convergence and synergy of communication, computing, and control towards a fully autonomous ICPS. With the deployment of new wireless technologies to enable almost-deterministic ultra-reliable low-latency communications, a joint design of optimal control and computing has become increasingly important in modern ICPS. It is also imperative that system-wide cyber-physical security are critically enforced. Despite recent advancements in the field, there are still significant research gaps and open technical challenges. Therefore, a deliberate rethink in co-designing and synergizing communications, computing, and control (which we term "3C co-design") is required. In this paper, we position Cloud-Fog automation with 3C co-design as the new paradigm to realize the vision of autonomous ICPS. We articulate the state-of-the-art and future directions in the field, and specifically discuss how goal-oriented communication, virtualization-empowered computing, and Quality of Service (QoS)-aware control can drive Cloud-Fog automation towards a fully autonomous ICPS, while accounting for system-wide cyber-physical security. © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： computer control

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Modeling and identification of a Nuclear reactor with temperature dependent reactivity 10

Modeling and identification of a Nuclear reactor with temper...

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2009 10th European control Conference, ECC 2009

作者： Fazekas, Csaba Gabor, Attila Hangos, Katalin M. Process Control Research Group Computer and Automation Research Institute Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9783952417393

A simple dynamic model of a nuclear reactor with temperature dependent reactivity and six groups of neutron emitting nuclei is developed in this paper based on first engineering principles. The proposed model contains the possible minimal number of differential equations and it is capable of describing important dynamic phenomena such as load change transients between day and night periods. Because the model is nonlinear in its parameters, an optimization-based parameter estimation procedure has been applied by using the Nelder-Mead algorithm and measured data from the Paks Nuclear Power Plant. The estimated parameter values fall into physically meaningful ranges and the response of the constructed reactor model shows a good fit to the measurement data. © 2009 EUCA.

关键词： Differential equations

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Reconfigurable fault-tolerant control of in-wheel electric vehicles with steering system failure

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2015年第26期48卷 49-54页

作者： Mihay, Andra Gapár, Peter MTA-BME Control Engineering Research Group Budapest University of Technology and Economics Hungary Institute for Computer Science Control Hungarian Academy of Sciences MTA-BME Control Engineering Research Group Budapest Hungary

The paper deals with the robust and fault tolerant control of an in-wheel electric vehicle, operated by four independently actuated in-wheel motors and steer-by-wire steering system. The goal of the design is to realize velocity and road trajectory tracking of the in-wheel vehicle, even during a fault event in the steer-by-wire steering system. When such a fault is detected, the control system is reconfigured and the torque allocation of the in-wheel engines is recalculated to substitute for the yaw moment originally generated by the steering system. Thus, the vehicle is able to follow the designed path and velocity solely with torque vectoring generated by the independently-controlled in-wheel motors. The high-level motion control of the vehicle is realized founded on the LPV framework, while the reconfiguration is based on constrained optimization techniques. The operation of the designed control system is demonstrated in a CarSim simulation environment. © 2015, IF AC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric machine control Automobile steering equipment Constrained optimization control systems Electric automobiles Fault tolerance Four wheel steering Integrated control Systems engineering Traction motors Vehicle wheels Constrained optimization techniques Fault tolerant control High level motion control In wheel Reconfigurable control Simulation environment Torque allocations Trajectory tracking

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Simulator based driver categorization and linear model identification

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第3期49卷 255-260页

作者： Mihály, András Gáspár, Péter Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungarian Academy of Sciences and MTA-BME Control Engineering Research Group Budapest Hungary

The paper proposes a classification method for different driver behaviors based on an identification method. The categorization and identification is carried out on real-time driving simulator experiments with several test drivers. The purpose of the identification is to define typical driving behaviors with their identified models. The driving assistant systems of the vehicle can be adapted to the behavior of the driver using predefined driver models. © 2016

关键词： Classification methods Driver behavior Driver models Driving assistant systems Driving behavior Identification method Linear modeling Test drivers

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An Effective On-line Surface Particles Inspection Instrument for Large Aperture Optical Element

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International Journal of automation and computing 2017年第4期14卷 420-431页

作者： Wen-Dong Ding Zheng-Tao Zhang Da-Peng Zhang De Xu Hai-Bing Lv Xin-Xiang Miao Guo-Rui Zhou Hao Liu Research Center of Precision Sensing and Control Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Laser Fusion Research Center China Academy of Engineering Physics

Surface particles growing in large aperture optical element （LAOE） have significant impact on LAOE＇s stable operation. It is a challenge for the online system to inspect the particles with long working distance, enough precision and high efficiency because of the system constraints. In this paper, an effective and portable inspection instrument is designed based on dark-field imaging principle. A Nikon lens and an industrial high definition （HD） camera are selected to construct the vision system to inspect particles of microns size spreading over hundreds of millimeters. Using two motors and other mechanical structure, the system can realize auto-focus and image rectification functions. The line light sources are installed on both sides of the LAOE in a sealed box while the vision system is portable and working outside the box. An adaptive binarization method is proposed to process the captured dark-field image. The distribution of particles on the LAOE＇s surface is investigated. Because of the high resolution of the captured image, the SSE2 instructions optimization method is used to reduce the time cost of the algorithm. Experiments show that the instrument can inspect LAOE effectively and accurately.

关键词： Dark-field imaging image rectification adaptive binarization particle inspection large aperture optical elements（LAOE）.

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Fast Characterization of Lithium-Ion Battery Impedance and Nonlinearity Using Optimized Multisine Perturbation Signal

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 2025年

作者： Fan, Chuanxin Zhang, Kui Peng, Qiao Tian, Jinpeng Liu, Kailong Chung, Chi Yung Nanjing Institute of Technology School of Automation Nanjing211167 China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Research Centre for Grid Modernisation Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Queen’s University Belfast Information Technology Analytics & Operations group BelfastBT9 5EE United Kingdom Shandong University School of Control Science and Engineering Jinan250100 China

Battery impedance and nonlinearity yield critical insights into dynamic response and electrochemical behavior, which are advantageous for state estimation and degradation diagnostics. However, the characterization method, which can simultaneously provide these two coupled indicators, has yet to be efficiently implemented. In this study, a novel fast characterization method for capturing battery impedance and nonlinearity, which is based on an odd multisine signal with optimized phase configuration, is proposed. A model-based comparative study across four broadband perturbation signals is undertaken to assess the viability of the proposed multisine signal in battery characterization. Furthermore, experimental investigations are conducted on the three-electrode experimental and commercial cylindrical cells to validate the efficacy and reproducibility of the proposed method. The findings demonstrate that the proposed optimized multisine signal, which features a crest factor reduced by 62.4%, achieves an acceptable impedance measurement comparable to the labor-intensive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, while efficiently capturing battery nonlinearity within a hundred seconds of testing. The SOC dependency of battery characterization indicates that the proposed method is applicable for onboard state estimation and degradation diagnostics through the usage of impedance and nonlinearity. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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