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International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, IITA

作者： Hailong Ma Jianwei Zhang Yunfei Guo Lei He National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center Zhangzhou Henan China School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhangzhou Henan China

As more and more mission critical services emerge on the Internet, there is a growing demand for the Internet to provide stringent service availability and reliability. Many studies show that inter-domain links fail as frequently as intra-domain links. The performance of those services in the present of failures would be greatly deteriorated. In this paper, we propose a scalable and resilient inter-domain routing protocol, called SR-BGP, to dynamically establish a protected tunnel. Once the inter-domain link failure is detected, routers could react quickly to perform non-stop routing relying on the pre-established tunnel. Through simulation we demonstrate that SR-BGP is more resilient to link failures than BGP and the inflation of routing table size due to the deployment of SR-BGP is acceptable.

关键词： Routing Mission critical systems Web and internet services Availability IP networks Resilience Information technology Application software Switching systems Systems engineering and theory

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Mathematical Analysis of Secondary User Traffic in Cognitive Radio System

Mathematical Analysis of Secondary User Traffic in Cognitive...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Junghyun Heo Jungchae Shin Jihee Nam Yutae Lee Joon Goo Park Ho-Shin Cho SW Development Section POSDATA FLYVO Research and Development Center Gyeonggi South Korea School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Dongeui University busan South Korea

In this paper, a preemptive priority queueing model is developed to describe the traffic behavior of secondary users in cognitive radio systems. As the performance measures, the system dwelling time for non-real-time ... 详细信息

关键词： Servers Mathematical model Real time systems Cognitive radio Time frequency analysis Electronic mail Load modeling

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Novel symmetric high Q inductors fabricated using wafer-level CSP technology

Novel symmetric high Q inductors fabricated using wafer-leve...

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European Conference on Microwave

作者： Yutaka Aoki Shoichi Shimizu Kazuhiko Honjo Research & Development Division CASIO Computer Company Limited Tokyo Japan Information and Communication Engineering Department University of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo Japan

Wafer level chip-size package (WLP) technology enables fabrications of low-loss high-Q inductors, which suffer from unfavorable two-port asymmetric characteristics. To overcome this problem, a novel clip-type inductor has been proposed, where the electrode crossover points in multi-turn inductor structures is modified from a conventional mirror symmetric point to a novel electrical symmetric point. The novel clip inductors were designed and fabricated using WPL technology. By means of a developed 4-nH novel clip inductor, the Q-factor value difference between the two ports can be significantly reduced to 1.4% from 14.8% at 1.4 GHz. Q-factors of developed inductors have also been evaluated under both a conventional short-circuited load condition and an impedance matched condition.

关键词： Inductors Q factor Spirals Copper Equivalent circuits Silicon Impedance Large scale integration Circuit simulation Microwave technology

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Time domain statistical control for PAPR reduction in OFDM system

Time domain statistical control for PAPR reduction in OFDM s...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on communications

作者： Wisam F. Al-Azzo Borhanuddin Mohd. Ali Sabira Khatun Sayed Jamalullail Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysia MIMOS Berhad Technology Park Malaysia Telekom Malaysia Research and Development Serdang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424413737

This paper studies the problem of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. It introduces a new PAPR reduction method that performs signal processing in the OFDM time domain. The simple non-linear amplitude pre-distortion process of the proposed method changes the statistical characteristics of the OFDM symbol from Rayleigh distribution into Gaussian like distribution. This change in statistical distribution is accompanied by changes of the peak and average power values and consequently reduces in the PAPR value. This scheme decreases the bit error rate (BER) slightly while significantly reduces the PAPR value. Furthermore, there is no need for side information, and hence no loss in the data rate. For the 64-QAM OFDM system with 512 sub-carriers, 4 dB reduction in PAPR value is achieved at only -15 dB spectral shoulder re- growth below the in-band signal level.

关键词： Control systems Peak to average power ratio OFDM Signal processing Nonlinear distortion Bit error rate Partial transmit sequences Power engineering and energy High power amplifiers Wideband

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Assessing the Wearability of Wearable computers

Assessing the Wearability of Wearable Computers

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International Symposium on Wearable computers

作者： James F. Knight Daniel Deen-Williams Theodoros N. Arvanitis Chris Baber Sofoklis Sotiriou Stamatina Anastopoulou Michael Gargalakos School of Electronic Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Binningham Birmingham UK Research & Development Department Ellinogermaniki Agogi Athens Greece Institute of Communication and Computer Systems Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)1424405971

In terms of mounting a computer on the body, the computer's weight, size, shape, placement and method of attachment can elicit a number of effects. Inappropriate design may mean that the wearer is unable to perform specific tasks or achieve goals. Excessive stress on the body may result in perceptions of discomfort, which may in turn affect task performance, but ultimately raises issues of health and safety. This paper proposes a methodology for assessing the affects of wearing a computer in terms of physiological energy expenditure, the biomechanical effects due to changes in movement patterns, posture and perceptions of localised pain and discomfort due to musculoskeletal loading, and perceptions of well- being through comfort assessment. From ratings of these effects the paper proposes 5 levels to determine the wearability of a computer.

关键词： Wearable computers Musculoskeletal system Shape Stress Mobile handsets Physics computing Fatigue Neck Belts Humans

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Speech enhancement based on auto gain control

Speech enhancement based on auto gain control

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作者： Nagata, Yoshifumi Fujioka, Toyota Abe, Masato IEEE Department of Computer and Information Science Iwate University Morioka 020-8551 Japan Research and Development Center Toshiba Corporation Iwate University Morioka Japan Acoustical Society of Japan Information Processing Society of Japan Department of Computer and Information Science Faculty of Engineering Iwate University Acoustical Society of America Institute of Noise Control Engineering of Japan Institute of Electronics Information and Communication Engineers Association for Computing Machinery Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

We propose a new method of speech enhancement based on auto gain control (AGC) using two channel inputs to deal with transient noises. Auto gain control is considered to be relatively ineffective for reducing noises that are superimposed on speech. Nevertheless, it offers advantages for addressing problems posed by musical noise and spectral distortion. This method combines two operations for obtaining accurate gain. One is spectral subtraction for two-channel input (2chSS);the other is self-offset of the noise with pre-whitening. This study also addresses a coherence based post-filter to reduce uncorrelated noise components among channels. The proposed method is evaluated in experiments across three noise conditions in which (i) impulsive noises, (ii) stationary car noise, and (iii) speech noise are present, respectively. Objective measures and spectrograms demonstrate marked improvements over other two-microphone based methods, but subjective preference tests reveal that the proposed method is less preferred than the equivalent of a nonprocessed signal in the case of stationary car noise (ii). The performance of the proposed method and the conventional 2chSS were even in the case of speech noise (iii). These results of subjective tests reflect some disadvantages of the AGC processing. Those drawbacks involve degradation of noise consistency in stationary noise conditions and residual noises in desired speech segments. Nevertheless, subjective tests in the case of noise (i) demonstrate that the proposed method is the most preferred among the methods compared here. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed particularly for this noise condition. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Speech processing

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A web approach to medical data and services centralization

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WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications 2005年第10期2卷 1572-1579页

作者： Triantafyllou, George Koutelakis, G. Boukouvalas, C. Mandellos, George Koukias, M. Lymperopoulos, D. Wire Communication Lab. Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. University of Patras Patras Greece OTE S.A. Greek PNO Research and Development Dept. Athens Greece

Telemedicine applications are being widely evolved and computerisation overtakes health care industry. However, patient medical data is not concentrated yet and access is restricted within hospital limits. Exploiting portal technologies we have implemented remote access to health records, making use of web modules only, so that users are not obliged do meet any special requirements. Doctors are provided with the ability of organizing registered patients in an electronic manner, and patients with the option of viewing their personal medical data from anywhere. These are realized through an integrated environment fully customized to each user's requirements, with the additional ability of keeping personal notes within an electronic calendar. Furthermore, a powerful collaboration tool is offered to doctors, creating a secure communication channel and hence allowing them to cooperate after viewing a patient's medical records. Java technology is used to satisfy design considerations and security issues concerning medical secret policy and speed optimization.

关键词： World Wide Web

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Empirical UWB path loss models for typical office environments

Empirical UWB path loss models for typical office environmen...

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2005 13th IEEE International Conference on Networks jointly held with the 2005 7th IEEE Malaysia International Conference on communications

作者： Ismail, Mahamod Ali, Borhanuddin Mohd Khatun, Sabira Thiagarajah, Sharlene Electric Electronic and Systems Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Antenna Propagation Unit TM Research and Development Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)1424400007

This paper investigates the path loss characteristics of an UWB signal (0.1-2GHz) in a typical office building. Three statistical path loss models are presented, i.e. the nth power model and two attenuation factor dependent models. Attenuation factor for brick and gypsum wall, the two main obstructive walls in this experiment were investigated assuming free space path loss. Attenuation factor of 10.37dB and 3.86dB were obtained per gypsum and brick wall respectively. A new distance-dependent attenuation model for gypsum and brick wall is also presented. Comparison of the three proposed path loss models is included. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Statistical methods

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Gain-control Raman fiber amplifier incorporating ring cavity

Gain-control Raman fiber amplifier incorporating ring cavity

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2005 13th IEEE International Conference on Networks jointly held with the 2005 7th IEEE Malaysia International Conference on communications

作者： Ahmad, A. Md Ali, M.I. Zamzuri, A.K. Mahdi, M.A. IEEE TM Research and Development Sdn. Bhd Idea Tower UPM-MTDC UPM 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)1424400007

All-optical gain-control Raman fiber amplifier (RFA) based on ring cavity technique using a pair of circulators is investigated experimentally. A pair of 1465nm laser diodes are used as the pump source to the RFA which provides a gain peak at around 1565 nm. The analyses of gain and noise figure are carried out using lasing wavelengths of 1550 and 1565 nm. Gain and noise figure variations are 0.4 and 0.5 dB respectively. We observed strong influence of pump-signal relative intensity noise transfer that results in noise figure penalty. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： Fiber lasers

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Empirical UWB path loss models for typical office environments

Empirical UWB path loss models for typical office environmen...

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IEEE International Conference on Networks

作者： S. Thiagarajah B.M. Ali M. Ismail Antenna Propagation Unit TM Research & Development Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia

This paper investigates the path loss characteristics of an UWB signal (0.1-2 GHz) in a typical office building. Three statistical path loss models are presented, i.e. the n/sup th/ power model and two attenuation factor dependent models. Attenuation factor for brick and gypsum wall, the two main obstructive walls in this experiment were investigated assuming free space path loss. Attenuation factor of 10.37 dB and 3.86 dB were obtained per gypsum and brick wall respectively. A new distance-dependent attenuation model for gypsum and brick wall is also presented. Comparison of the three proposed path loss models is included.

关键词： Pulse measurements Attenuation Antennas and propagation Antenna measurements Power system modeling Floors Power engineering and energy Systems engineering and theory Pulse generation Bandwidth

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