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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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High input impedance mixed-mode biquad filter with orthogonal tune of natural frequency and quality factor

High input impedance mixed-mode biquad filter with orthogona...

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Joint International Conference on Information and Communication Technology, Electronic and Electrical engineering (JICTEE)

作者： Kanokrat Chumwangwapee Winai Jaikla Wisuit Sunthonkanokpong Wipobh Jaikhang Suwat Maneewan Bancha Sreewirote Electrical Communications Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Program in electronic & Computer Engineering Chiangrai Rajabhat University Chiangrai Thailand Department of Technology Electronics Buriram Rajabhat University Buriram Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering Thonburi University Bangkok Thailand

This paper deals with a single-input multiple-output mixed-mode second-order filter providing two voltage-mode functions (low-pass and band-pass) and three transconductance-mode functions (low-pass, band-pass and band-reject) based on voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA). The quality factor and pole frequency can be electronically and orthogonally tuned via the bias current. The proposed circuit uses two VDTAs and two grounded capacitors without any external resistors, which is suitable to further develop into an integrated circuit. Moreover, the circuit possesses high input impedance, providing easy cascading. The PSPICE simulation results are included, verifying the key characteristics of the proposed filter. The given results agree well with the theoretical presumptions.

关键词： Band-pass filters Impedance Transconductance Q-factor Capacitors Electronic mail

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Wind Energy Projection for the Philippines based on Climate Change Modeling

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Energy Procedia 2014年 52卷 26-37页

作者： Angeli Silang Sherdon Niño Uy Julie Mae Dado Faye Abigail Cruz Gemma Narisma Nathaniel Libatique Gregory Tangonan Ateneo Innovation Center Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City 1108 Philippines Electronics Computer and Communications Engineering Department Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City 1108Philippines Manila Observatory Quezon City 1108 Philippines Atmospheric Science Program Department of Physics Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City 1108Philippines

To complement the existing method of wind energy assessment, this study presents wind energy projection by downscaling a regional climate model, RegCM3, which is also used in predicting rainfall and temperature changes, and using a conversion method using the Weibull distribution. A couple of papers which used long-term predicting models focused on two regions, China and the US High Plains, show a decrease of about 14% and 7%-17% respectively in wind power density due to global warming over the next century. This paper focuses on a smaller grid size of 10 km x 10 km to concentrate on a specific wind farm in Pililla, Rizal, Philippines which is considered as a commercially feasible site by wind developers. Wind energy projection that considers the effects of climate change for the expected period of operation of 25 years is used because this gives wind developers an outlook on the power production during the wind farm's lifetime and would contribute in determining the wind farm's potential for financial returns. Percentage difference of wind power density between the baseline period of 2008-2012 and five-year projection periods from 2013-2037 are presented. Contrary to the results of studies in China and western US, the results of this research show that there is an average five-year period increase of 6% in wind power density in Pililla, Rizal over the next 25 years.

关键词： wind energy assessment climate change wind projection

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Construction of time-stamped mobility map for path tracking via smith-waterman measurement matching

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Mathematical Problems in engineering 2014年第1期2014卷

作者： Zhou, Mu Tian, Zengshan Xu, Kunjie Wu, Haibo Pu, Qiaolin Yu, Xiang Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communications Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States China Internet Research Lab Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Path tracking in wireless and mobile environments is a fundamental technology for ubiquitous location-based services (LBSs). In particular, it is very challenging to develop highly accurate and cost-efficient tracking systems applied to the anonymous areas where the floor plans are not available for security and privacy reasons. This paper proposes a novel path tracking approach for large Wi-Fi areas based on the time-stamped unlabeled mobility map which is constructed from Smith-Waterman received signal strength (RSS) measurement matching. Instead of conventional location fingerprinting, we construct mobility map with the technique of dimension reduction from the raw measurement space into a low-dimensional embedded manifold. The feasibility of our proposed approach is verified by the real-world experiments in the HKUST campus Wi-Fi networks, sMobileNet. The experimental results prove that our approach is adaptive and capable of achieving an adequate precision level in path tracking. © 2014 Mu Zhou et al.

关键词： Wi-Fi

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Floor plan construction via anonymous Wi-Fi signal fragment matching

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ICIC Express Letters, Part B: Applications 2014年第4期5卷 981-987页

作者： Zhou, Mu Tian, Zengshan Xu, Kunjie Tang, Xiaomou Wang, Zhuoran Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communications Technology School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications No. 2 Chongwen Road Nan'an Dist. Chongqing 400065 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States

Floor plan construction is the basis for fingerprint-based localization and people's activity learning, especially in the environments where the geometrical map is not available or does not exist. To this end, we propose a new received signal strength (RSS) fragment matching approach to identify the location points (LPs) in floor plan as the overlapped pieces between the fragments. Then, by means of the Smith-Waterman alignment, each LP can be recognized as a winning path in scoring space. Finally, we use the Allen's interval algebra to assemble the time-stamped LPs into a floor plan in target area. The experiments with the actual Wi-Fi RSS measurements recorded in HKUST campus demonstrate that our proposed approach performs better than the conventional K-means clustering and spectral clustering in floor plan construction. © 2014 ICIC International.

关键词： Algebra

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Relay selection for AF wireless relay networks in adverse communication environments

Relay selection for AF wireless relay networks in adverse co...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Kanghee Lee Visvakumar Aravinthan Sunghoon Moon Jongbum Ryou Changki Moon Inha Hyun Sun Jo Information & Communications Office Air Force Headquarters Gyeryong Korea Wichita State University Wichita KS US Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Wichita State University Wichita Kansas 3C4ISR Division Defense Acquisition Program Administration of ROK Seoul Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982981

This paper addresses wireless relay networks consisting of a one-source-one-destination pair and N noncooperative relays. An objective of this paper is to analytically derive a closed form of an optimal relay amplifying vector (or matrix) for an amplify-and-forward (AF) wireless relay network under channel uncertainty (CU), jamming, and transmission power constraints at the relays, using the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. In addition, this paper presents an efficient relay-selection strategy using the maximum SNR and minimum MMSE cost function criterions under an adverse wireless communication environment with transmission power constraint at the relays.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Wireless communication Cost function Relay networks (telecommunications) Bit error rate Wireless sensor networks

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Dirichlet tessellation for high-dimensional RSS clustering in Wi-Fi environment

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ICIC Express Letters 2014年第7期8卷 2043-2048页

作者： Zhou, Mu Tian, Zengshan Xu, Kunjie Tang, Xiaomou Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communications Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications No. 2 Chongwen Road Nanan District Chongqing 400065 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Graduate Telecommunication and Networking Program School of Information Science University of Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States

The received signal strength (RSS) clustering has played a significant role in site surveying and data pre-processing for the location tracking in Wi-Fi environment. To this end, this paper presents a novel clustering algorithm to cluster the raw RSS vectors with large similarities in both the RSS and physical locations together. The clusters of RSS vectors are determined by the cells which are generated by the Dirichlet tessellation in a transformed low-dimensional space. Our algorithm consists of two steps. We first use the Laplacian embedding to transform the raw measurements into a low-dimensional space, while preserving the RSS and location neighborhood relations. Second, after the seeds of cells are carefully selected, we will tessellate the low-dimensional space by the Dirichlet cells to obtain the clustering results. The experiments conducted in an actual public Wi-Fi environment prove that our algorithm can achieve the smallest cluster scattering in both the RSS and locations compared with the existing affinity propagation clustering, K-means clustering and binary support vector classifier (SVC) algorithms. © 2014 ISSN 1881-803X.

关键词： Wi-Fi

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Design of an efficient active noise cancellation circuit for in-ear headphones

Design of an efficient active noise cancellation circuit for...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： Kuan-Hung Chen Hong-Son Vu Kuo-Yuan Weng Jin-Huang Huang Yu-Ting Tsai Yu-Cheng Liu Wen-Hung Wang Department of Electronic Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan R.O.C Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communications Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan R.O.C Department of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan R.O.C MERRY Electronics CO. LTD Taichung Taiwan R.O.C

ISBN: (纸本)9781479952311

This paper proposes an efficient active noise cancelling (ANC) circuit design for the in-ear headphones. We develop a hardware oriented Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm, and design a modified high-performance feed-forward ANC architecture which only uses one microphone to effectively cancel broadband noise for the in-ear headphones. The proposed ANC circuit design has been successfully implemented through adopting the standard cell-based design flow based on the TSMC 90nm CMOS technology. Besides, the proposed design has been verified under versatile noisy scenarios for its real-time ANC performance by using a Field programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform. Experimental results show that the proposed high-performance circuit design can reduce disturbing noise of various frequency bands very well, and outperforms the existing works. The proposed design can attenuate the broadband pink noise between 300 Hz to 900 Hz, with a maximum performance of 18 dB. Moreover, the proposed design can achieve 406.5 k samples/sec data throughput rate at operating frequency of 50 MHz, at the costs of 111.7 k gates and power consumption of 4.47 mW.

关键词： Headphones Noise Broadband communication Hardware Circuit synthesis Microphones Finite impulse response filters

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Error analysis for RADAR neighbor matching localization in linear logarithmic strength varying Wi-Fi environment

The Scientific World Journal

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The Scientific World Journal 2014年第1期2014卷 647370页

作者： Zhou, Mu Tian, Zengshan Xu, Kunjie Yu, Xiang Wu, Haibo Chongqing Key Lab of Mobile Communications Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States China Internet Research Lab Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

This paper studies the statistical errors for the fingerprint-based RADAR neighbor matching localization with the linearly calibrated reference points (RPs) in logarithmic received signal strength (RSS) varying Wi-Fi environment. To the best of our knowledge, little comprehensive analysis work has appeared on the error performance of neighbor matching localization with respect to the deployment of RPs. However, in order to achieve the efficient and reliable location-based services (LBSs) as well as the ubiquitous context-awareness in Wi-Fi environment, much attention has to be paid to the highly accurate and cost-efficient localization systems. To this end, the statistical errors by the widely used neighbor matching localization are significantly discussed in this paper to examine the inherent mathematical relations between the localization errors and the locations of RPs by using a basic linear logarithmic strength varying model. Furthermore, based on the mathematical demonstrations and some testing results, the closed-form solutions to the statistical errors by RADAR neighbor matching localization can be an effective tool to explore alternative deployment of fingerprint-based neighbor matching localization systems in the future. © 2014 Mu Zhou et al.

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System for evaluating usability and user experience by analyzing repeated patterns

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2nd International Conference on Design, User Experience, and Usability: Design Philosophy, Methods, and Tools, DUXU 2013, Held as Part of 15th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction, HCI International 2013

作者： Kim, Young Bin Kang, Shin Jin Kim, Chang Hun Interdisciplinary Program in Visual Information Processing Korea University Korea Republic of School of Games Hongik University Korea Republic of Department of Computer and Radio Communications Engineering Korea University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783642392283

In this paper, a new system for evaluating interface usability through the analysis of repeated patterns is proposed. The system can be a valuable tool for verifying interfaces and in evaluating their usability by users, both of which are necessary stages in the development and operation of software. This paper concentrates on the repeated patterns that occur when users use an interface. Extracting these repeated patterns and analyzing them could enhance the development and usability of interfaces. Through experiments that applied the proposed system to several kinds of software, it was confirmed that problems with interfaces can be understood, and usability can be improved without requiring complicated analyses of user logs. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Usability engineering

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