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Integration of data science with the intelligent IoT(IIoT): Current challenges and future perspectives

Digital Communications and Networks 2025年第2期11卷 280-298页

作者： Inam Ullah Deepak Adhikari Xin Su Francesco Palmieri Celimuge Wu Chang Choi Department of Computer Engineering Gachon University University of Electronic Science and Technology of China College of Information Science and Engineering Hohai University Department of Computer Science University of Salerno Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications

The Intelligent Internet of Things(IIoT) involves real-world things that communicate or interact with each other through networking technologies by collecting data from these “things” and using intelligent approaches, such as Artificial Intelligence(AI) and machine learning, to make accurate decisions. Data science is the science of dealing with data and its relationships through intelligent approaches. Most state-of-the-art research focuses independently on either data science or IIoT, rather than exploring their integration. Therefore, to address the gap, this article provides a comprehensive survey on the advances and integration of data science with the Intelligent IoT(IIoT) system by classifying the existing IoT-based data science techniques and presenting a summary of various characteristics. The paper analyzes the data science or big data security and privacy features, including network architecture, data protection, and continuous monitoring of data, which face challenges in various IoT-based systems. Extensive insights into IoT data security, privacy, and challenges are visualized in the context of data science for IoT. In addition, this study reveals the current opportunities to enhance data science and IoT market development. The current gap and challenges faced in the integration of data science and IoT are comprehensively presented, followed by the future outlook and possible solutions.

关键词： Data science Internet of things (IoT) Big data Communication systems Networks Security Data science analytics

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A deep learning framework for automatic assessment of presence in virtual reality using multimodal behavioral cues

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第8期37卷 6283-6303页

作者： Pannattee, Peerawat Shimada, Shogo Yem, Vibol Nishiuchi, Nobuyuki Graduate School of Systems Design Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo191-0065 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Degree Program in Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki3058573 Japan

Effective development of virtual reality (VR) applications is heavily reliant on the evaluation of user experience (UX). However, traditional methods such as questionnaires have inherent limitations which hinder their ability to capture nuanced behavioral responses and impede the agility of VR content creation: They are time-consuming, burdensome for users, and require significant human effort for interpretation. This study introduces an automated framework aimed at addressing the limitations of questionnaire-based evaluations to assess UX in VR. Our primary focus is to validate the concept of this framework through assessment of the sense of presence (SOP), a crucial psychological perception with significant impact on VR UX. Our proposed framework utilizes a deep neural network (DNN) to analyze patterns in multimodal behavioral cues, including facial expressions, head movements, and hand movements, to predict scores from the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ). Additionally, we introduce two statistical profiles: the Visual Entropy Profile (VEP), which offers insights into visual complexity by depicting scene entropy, and the Experiential Presence Profile (EPP), which is designed to capture users’ historical SOP levels to enable personalized baseline and sensitivity estimation. The proposed framework achieves a significant correlation between actual and predicted IPQ scores, with a Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.7303, showcasing the potential of DNNs in analyzing complex behavioral signals and automating SOP assessment. This study represents a pioneering effort in leveraging DNNs for the automatic assessment of SOP and paves the way for future advances in automatically assessing VR UX and unlocking new opportunities in the field. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Virtual environments

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TaxDiff: taxonomic-guided diffusion model for protein sequence generation

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 385-386页

作者： Zongying LIN Hao LI Liuzhenghao LV Yu WANG Bin LIN Junwu ZHANG Zijun CHEN Calvin Yu-Chian CHEN Li YUAN Yonghong TIAN School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University AI for Science (AI4S)-Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Peng Cheng Laboratory School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University

Protein design aims to generate protein variants with targeted biological functions, which is significant in multiple biological areas, including enzyme reaction catalysis, vaccine design, and fluorescence intensity. Protein design contains two paradigms: sequence generation and structure generation. Recently, EvoDiff [1] proposed a universal designing paradigm, combining structure and sequence generation using the diffusion framework, which improves the protein design efficiency.

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Physical Layer Security for CR-NOMA Network with Cooperative Jamming

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2025年第2期30卷 708-720页

作者： Meiling Li Peng Xue Hu Yuan Yuxing Han School of Electronics Information Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Computer Science and Mathematics Kingston UniversityLondonKT12EEUK Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Cooperative jamming can effectively combat eavesdropping in physical layer security communication without affecting the legal receiver and improve the security performance of the *** paper introduces cooperative jamming to cognitive radio(CR)networks with non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)*** secure performance of the considered CR and NOMA(CR-NOMA)network is evaluated using two modes:non-cooperative jamming and cooperative *** particular,the secrecy outage probabilities(SOPs)of the primary user(PU)in the two modes are derived under Rician fading channels,based on which,the influences of the transmission signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of secondary users(SUs),the number of SUs,the secrecy rate,and the power allocation coefficient on the SOPs of PU are analyzed *** analysis and simulation results show that cooperative jamming effectively prevents eavesdropping behaviour,which reduces the SOP of PU compared to non-cooperative *** also show that the transmission SNR,the number of SUs,the secrecy rate,and the power distribution coefficients greatly influence performance improvement.

关键词： cognitive radio non-orthogonal multiple access physical layer security cooperative jamming

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RobustFace: a novel image restoration technique for face adversarial robustness improvement

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8965-8993页

作者： Sadu, Chiranjeevi Das, Pradip K. Yannam, V Ramanjaneyulu Nayyar, Anand Department of Computer Science and Engineering RGUKT Nuzvid Andhra Pradesh Nuzvid India Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Guwahati Assam Guwahati India School of Technology Woxsen University Telangana Hyderabad India Graduate School Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam

Machine Learning (ML) models, particularly Deep Learning (DL), have made rapid progress and achieved significant milestones across various applications, including numerous safety-critical contexts. However, these models have recently been discovered to be susceptible to adversarial attacks, which are well-crafted input images. The primary objective of this paper is to propose a novel methodology titled "RobustFace", which is based on deep image restoration networks, that significantly improves the facial adversarial robustness of various image-classification models. Adversarial images are created using the Private Fast Gradient Sign Method (P-FGSM), StyleGAN and Fast Landmark Manipulation (FLM) methods. The adversarial images are then enhanced using deep image restoration networks to bring back them into the original space. The encoded weighted local magnitude patterns (WLMP) are extracted and provided to different types of classifiers to detect facial adversarial images from the clean images. The effectiveness of RobustFace has been demonstrated on two real-world datasets and experimental outcomes show that it significantly improves facial adversarial robustness on all evaluating classifiers. It improves the highest classification accuracy from 98.75% to 99.00% on P-FGSM attacks, from 77.94% to 85.25% on adversarial attacks generated by StyleGAN and from 65.52% to 69.50% for FLM attacks. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Multimodal Large Models Are Effective Action Anticipators

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 2949-2960页

作者： Wang, Binglu Tian, Yao Wang, Shunzhou Yang, Le College of Information and Control Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an710055 China Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Astronautics Xi'an710072 China Peking University School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Institute of Artificial Intelligence China University of Science and Technology of China School of Information Science and Technology Hefei230022 China

The task of long-term action anticipation demands solutions that can effectively model temporal dynamics over extended periods while deeply understanding the inherent semantics of actions. Traditional approaches, which primarily rely on recurrent units or Transformer layers to capture long-term dependencies, often fall short in addressing these challenges. Large Language Models (LLMs), with their robust sequential modeling capabilities and extensive commonsense knowledge, present new opportunities for long-term action anticipation. In this work, we introduce the ActionLLM framework, a novel approach that treats video sequences as successive tokens, leveraging LLMs to anticipate future actions. Our baseline model simplifies the LLM architecture by setting future tokens, incorporating an action tuning module, and reducing the textual decoder layer to a linear layer, enabling straightforward action prediction without the need for complex instructions or redundant descriptions. To further harness the commonsense reasoning of LLMs, we predict action categories for observed frames and use sequential textual clues to guide semantic understanding. In addition, we introduce a Cross-Modality Interaction Block, designed to explore the specificity within each modality and capture interactions between vision and textual modalities, thereby enhancing multimodal tuning. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed ActionLLM framework, encouraging a promising direction to explore LLMs in the context of action anticipation. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Innovative Approaches to Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environments Using an Advanced Willow Catkin Optimization Algorithm

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2495-2520页

作者： Jeng-Shyang Pan Na Yu Shu-Chuan Chu An-Ning Zhang Bin Yan Junzo Watada College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan College of Electronics Communication and PhysicsShandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China Graduate School of Information Production and SystemsWaseda UniversityKitakyushu808-0135Japan

The widespread adoption of cloud computing has underscored the critical importance of efficient resource allocation and management, particularly in task scheduling, which involves assigning tasks to computing resources for optimized resource utilization. Several meta-heuristic algorithms have shown effectiveness in task scheduling, among which the relatively recent Willow Catkin Optimization (WCO) algorithm has demonstrated potential, albeit with apparent needs for enhanced global search capability and convergence speed. To address these limitations of WCO in cloud computing task scheduling, this paper introduces an improved version termed the Advanced Willow Catkin Optimization (AWCO) algorithm. AWCO enhances the algorithm’s performance by augmenting its global search capability through a quasi-opposition-based learning strategy and accelerating its convergence speed via sinusoidal mapping. A comprehensive evaluation utilizing the CEC2014 benchmark suite, comprising 30 test functions, demonstrates that AWCO achieves superior optimization outcomes, surpassing conventional WCO and a range of established meta-heuristics. The proposed algorithm also considers trade-offs among the cost, makespan, and load balancing objectives. Experimental results of AWCO are compared with those obtained using the other meta-heuristics, illustrating that the proposed algorithm provides superior performance in task scheduling. The method offers a robust foundation for enhancing the utilization of cloud computing resources in the domain of task scheduling within a cloud computing environment.

关键词： Willow catkin optimization algorithm cloud computing task scheduling opposition-based learning strategy

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An Extended Euclidean Algorithm Implementation over Ciphertext Space 2nd

An Extended Euclidean Algorithm Implementation over Ciphert...

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2nd International Conference on Security and information Technologies with AI, Internet Computing and Big-data Applications, SITAIBA 2023

作者： Chi, Po-Wen Lin, Yuan-Pang Wang, Ming-Hung Chuang, Yun-Hsin Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Taiwan Chiayi Taiwan Engineering Management Graduate Program College of Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819777853

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a useful cryptographic primitive. It makes a third-party manipulate data in the ciphertext space and therefore is a key technology for privacy-preserving outsourcing services. Theoretically, FHE can evaluate any circuits. However, the implementation is not trivial. The reason it lacks lots of basic operations like conditional check and branch control. In this paper, we focus on extended Euclidean algorithm operation over FHE. We introduce the problems we encounter and show how we solve these issues. We implement our design and evaluate its performance on a real computer. Finally, we propose some research directions for our future work. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Ciphertext

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Energy-Free Sensing and Context Recognition Using Photovoltaic Cells

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第9期25卷 15598-15611页

作者： Shintani, Kaede Rizk, Hamada Yamaguchi, Hirozumi Osaka University Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Department of Information Networking Suita565-0871 Japan Tanta University Tanta31733 Egypt RIKEN Center for Computational Science Kobe650-0047 Japan RIKEN Center for Computational Science Department of Computer and Control Engineering Kobe650-0047 Japan

The field of energy-free sensing and context recognition has recently gained significant attention as it allows operating systems without external power sources. Photovoltaic cells can convert light energy into electrical energy to power sensing devices, but their power may not be sufficient to ensure energy-free sensing due to the varying power needs of sensors and high computational demands. In this article, we propose the use of photovoltaic cells as a standalone sensor for the recognition of different contexts, including user identification, step counting, and location tracking. The system utilizes the photocurrent readings generated by the photovoltaic cells to capture the unique mobility patterns of different users. By analyzing these patterns, the system can accurately identify the user, count the number of steps taken, and track the user’s location. We propose a computationally efficient dynamic time warping (DTW) to match the variable length sequences of photocurrent readings to a database of known patterns and identify the closest subject and location matches. The system was rigorously evaluated in a realistic environment, and the results indicate that it can accurately estimate step count, identify subjects, and localize them with an accuracy of 88%, 90%, and 43 cm, respectively. This is achieved while the proposed system is nonintrusive and can operate without external power sources, making it a promising technology for energy-free sensing and context recognition. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Photovoltaics

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Real-Time Road Damage Detection Using an Optimized YOLOv9s-Fusion in IoT Infrastructure

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 17649-17660页

作者： Waseem Khan, Muhammad Obaidat, Mohammad S. Mahmood, Khalid Sadoun, Balqies Sanaullah Badar, Hafiz Muhammad Gao, Wu Center for Bio-inspired System-on-Chip School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China Sahiwal Campus Pakistan The King Abdullah II School of Information Technology The University of Jordan Amman11942 Jordan The School of Communication and Computing Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China The Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida201301 India The Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliu Yunlin64002 Taiwan School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University Kaifeng475001 China The College of Engineering Al-Balqa’ Applied University Al-Salt19117 Jordan

In IoT-enabled smart infrastructure, accurate and real-time road damage detection is crucial for enhancing road safety and optimizing maintenance processes. However, detecting road damage in complex and dynamic environments presents significant challenges, such as varying lighting conditions, diverse damage types, and the need for fast processing to enable real-time decision-making. This study introduces an advanced approach utilizing the YOLOv9s-Fusion model to overcome these challenges. Leveraging the RDD2022 dataset, which comprises 1,976 annotated images of road damage from China, we employ comprehensive data preprocessing to create optimal conditions for model training. The YOLOv9s-Fusion model integrates innovative features, including a Transformer-based auxiliary module and enhanced feature extraction layers, specifically designed to detect fine-grained damage patterns accurately. Experimental results demonstrate that the model outperforms existing approaches, achieving notable improvements in mean Average Precision (mAP) and F1-score. Ablation studies further validate the impact of our modifications, highlighting the model’s robustness in real-time detection across diverse conditions. This IoT-centric approach sets a new standard for autonomous road damage detection, significantly advancing vehicle navigation and smart infrastructure management capabilities. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Intelligent systems

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