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Optical Fabrication and Testing, OFT 2008

作者： Plum, E. Zhou, J. Dong, J. Fedotov, V.A. Koschny, T. Soukoulis, C.M. Zheludev, N.I. EPSRC Nanophotonics Portfolio Centre Optoelectronics Research Centre University of Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom Institute of Optical Fiber Commun. and Network Tech Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Ames Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Microelectronics Research Center Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 United States Department of Materials Science and Technology University of Crete Greece

We demonstrate that artificial chiral meta-material with electromagnetic coupling shows negative index of refraction linked to exceptionally strong circular birefringence. © 2008 Optical Society of America.

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528612

关键词： Refractive index

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A Covert Communication Model Based on Least Significant Bits Steganography in Voice over IP

A Covert Communication Model Based on Least Significant Bits...

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International Conference for Young computer Scientists, ICYCS

作者： Hui Tian Ke Zhou Yongfeng Huang Dan Feng Jin Liu Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Network and Human-machine Communication Research Institute Department of Electronic Engineering and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

Steganography, as one of alternative techniques for secure communications, has drawn more and more attentions. This paper presents a covert communication model based on least significant bits (LSB) steganography in Voice over IP (VoIP). The model aims at providing nice security of secret messages and real-time performance that is vital for VoIP. Therefore, we employ a simple encryption of secret messages before embedding them. This encryption strikes a good balance between adequate short-term protection for secret messages and low latency for VoIP. Furthermore, we design a structure of embedded messages. It can provide flexible length and avoid effectually both extraction attack and deceptive attack. We evaluate the model with ITU-T G.729a as the codec of the cover speech in StegTalk, our platform for study on covert communications theory in VoIP. In this case, the proposed model can provide two optional covert transmission speeds, i.e. 0.8 kb/s and 2.6 kb/s, where the maximum payload ratio is 99.98%. The experimental results show that our method has negligible effects on speech quality and well meets the real-time requirement of VoIP.

关键词： Steganography Internet telephony Cryptography Delay Real time systems Protection Speech Information security Communication system security Codecs

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Vulnerability of network Traffic under Node Capture Attacks Using Circuit Theoretic Analysis

Vulnerability of Network Traffic under Node Capture Attacks ...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： P. Tague D. Slater J. Rogers R. Poovendran Network Security Lab (NSL) Electrical Engineering Department University of Washington Seattle WA USA Formation Technology Division Naval Research Laboratory Center for High Assurance Computer Systems Washington D.C. DC USA

We investigate the impact of node capture attacks on the confidentiality and integrity of network traffic. We map the compromise of network traffic to the flow of current through an electric circuit and propose a metric for quantifying the vulnerability of the traffic using the circuit mapping. We compute the vulnerability metric as a function of the routing and the cryptographic protocols used to secure the network traffic. We formulate the minimum cost node capture attack problem as a nonlinear integer programming problem. Due to the NP-hardness of the minimization problem, we provide a greedy heuristic that approximates the minimum cost attack. We provide examples of node capture attacks using our vulnerability metric and show that the adversary can expend significantly less resources to compromise target traffic by exploiting information leakage from the routing and cryptographic protocols.

关键词： Telecommunication traffic Circuit analysis Peer to peer computing Communication system security Cryptographic protocols Costs US Government Wireless sensor networks Routing protocols Information analysis

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Pointwise Logic on Completely Distributive Lattices and Approximate Reasoning

Pointwise Logic on Completely Distributive Lattices and Appr...

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International Conference on Fuzzy systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD)

作者： Yalin Zheng Guang Yang Jing Zheng Jinsheng Xing State Key Laboratory for Intelligent Technology and Systems Department of Automation Faculty of Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Research Center of Intelligent Information Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Faculty of Software Dongguan University of Science and Technology Dongguan China Research Center of Dongguan Economy Department of Economy and Commerce Dongguan University of Science and Technology Dongguan China Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen China Research Center of System Engineering Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

In this paper, we propose the basic framework of point- wise topological logic on completely distributive lattices and explore approximate reasoning in it. The logic of this paper is based on pointwise characterization, therefore the pointwise conception is pervasive. We explore approximate reasoning in abstract logical framework Fl on completely distributive lattice L. We propose the structure of point- wise topological logic F TL , the structure of matching function sigma. and the structure of matching neighborhood group. We investigate approximate reasoning in pointwise topological logic F TL with matching function sigma, develop pointwise topological algorithm of simple approximate reasoning, introduce the essential characteristics of this scheme.

关键词： Lattices Fuzzy logic computer science Knowledge engineering Fuzzy systems Information technology Laboratories Intelligent systems Automation Information science

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Evolutionary algorithm for a genetic robot’s personality

Evolutionary algorithm for a genetic robot’s personality

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Kang-Hee Lee Hyun-Sik Shim Woo-Sup Han Kwang-Choon Kim Jong-Hwan Kim Fundamental Technology Team Mechatronics & Manufacturing Technology Center Corporate Technology Operations Samsung Electronics Company Limited South Korea Application Technology Laboratory Telecommunication Research and Development Center Telecommunication Network Business Samsung Electronics Company Limited South Korea Faculty of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology South Korea

This paper proposes a new concept of the genetic robot which has its own robot genome, in which each chromosome consists of many genes that contribute to defining the robotpsilas personality. The large number of genes also allows for a highly complex system, however it becomes increasingly difficult and time-consuming to ensure reliability, variability and consistency for the robotpsilas personality while manually initializing values for the individual genes. To overcome this difficulty, this paper proposes an evolutionary algorithm for a genetic robotpsilas personality (EAGRP). EAGRP evolves a gene pool that customizes the robotpsilas genome so that it closely matches a simplified set of features desired by the user. It does this using several new techniques. It acts on a 2 dimensional individual upon which a new masking method, the Eliza-Meme scheme, is used to derive a plausible individual given the restricted preference settings desired by the user. The proposed crossover method allows reproduction for the 2-dimensional genome. Finally, the evaluation procedure for individuals is carried out in a virtual environment using tailored perception scenarios.

关键词： Robots

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3D-chiral metamaterial with artificial magnetic response

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers

引用

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers 2008年

作者： Plum, E. Dong, J. Zhou, J. Fedotov, V.A. Koschny, T. Soukoulis, C. Zheludev, N.I. EPSRC Nanophotonics Portfolio Centre Optoelectronics Research Centre University of Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom Institute of Optical Fiber Commun. and Network Tech. Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Ames Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Microelectronics Research Center Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States University of Crete Greece

Artificial magnetism, negative permeability and zero refractive index are demonstrated in 3D-chiral metamaterial that shows giant polarization rotation and circular dichroism. © 2007 Optical Society of America.

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528599

关键词： Dichroism

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American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine consensus report on potential bioeffects of diagnostic ultrasound: Executive summary

American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine consensus repor...

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作者： Fowlkes, J. Brian Abramowicz, Jacques S. Church, Charles C. Holland, Christy K. Miller, Douglas L. O'Brien Jr., William D. Sanghvi, Narendra T. Stratmeyer, Melvin E. Zachary, James F. Deng, Cheri X. Harris, Gerald R. Herman, Bruce A. Hynynen, Kullervo H. Merritt, Christopher R. B. Thomenius, Kai E. Bailey, Michael R. Carson, Paul L. Carstensen, Edwin L. Frizzell, Leon A. Nyborg, Wesley L. Barnett, Stanley B. Duck, Francis A. Edmonds, Peter D. Ziskin, Marvin C. Abbott, John G. Dalecki, Diane Dunn, Floyd Greenleaf, James F. Salvesen, Kjell A. Siddiqi, Tariq A. Averkiou, Michalakis A. Brayman, Andrew A. Everbach, E. Carr Wible Jr., James H. Wu, Junru Simpson, Douglas G. Basic Radiological Sciences Division Department of Radiology University of Michigan Health System 200 Zina Pitcher Pl Ann Arbor MI 48109-0553 United States Department of Radiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL United States National Center for Physical Acoustics University of Mississippi University MS United States Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH United States Bioacoustics Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana IL United States Focus Surgery Inc. Indianapolis IN United States US Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health Silver Spring MD United States Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of Illinois Urbana IL United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH United States Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Radiology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Philadelphia PA United States General Electric Global Research Niskayuna NY United States Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Seattle WA United States Rochester NY United States Burlington VT United States School of Biomedical Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Wessex Regional Medical Physics Service Royal United Hospital Combe Park Bath United Kingdom Menlo Park CA United States Department of Radiology Temple University Philadelphia PA United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health Silver Spring MD United States Philips Medical Systems Bothell WA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Urbana IL United States Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineer

The continued examination of potential biological effects of ultrasound and their relationship to clinical practice is a key element in evaluating the safety of diagnostic ultrasound. Periodically, the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) sponsors conferences bringing experts together to examine the literature on ultrasound bioeffects and to develop conclusions and recommendations related to diagnostic ultrasound. The most recent effort included the examination of effects whose origins were thermal or nonthermal, with separate evaluations for potential effects related to fetal ultrasound. In addition, potential effects due to the introduction of ultrasound contrast agents were summarized. This information can be used to assess risks in comparison to the benefits of diagnostic ultrasound. The conclusions and recommendations are organized into 5 broad categories, with a comprehensive background and evaluation of each topic provided in the corresponding articles in this issue. The following summary is not meant as a substitute for the detailed examination of issues presented in each of the articles but rather as a means to facilitate further study of this consensus report and implementation of its recommendations. The conclusions and recommendations are the result of several rounds of deliberations at the consensus conference, subsequent review by the Bioeffects Committee of the AIUM, and approval by the AIUM Board of Governors. © 2008 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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Biophotonics

引用

Advances in Optical Technologies 2008年第unknown期2008卷

作者： Tanev, Stoyan Wilson, Brian C. Tuchin, Valery V. Matthews, Dennis Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Design Carleton University Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging Ontario Cancer Institute University Health Network and University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 2M9 Canada Research-Educational Institute of Optics and Biophotonics Saratov State University 410012 Saratov Russian Federation Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California Davis CA 95817 United States

All the articles are invited reviews or invited research papers by leading biophotonics researchers and research groups from universities, as well as industry and government laboratories, and they can be structured in three major themes: (i) biophotonics instrumentation and experimental techniques, (ii) biophotonic sensors, and (iii) nano-biophotonics: (i) Biophotonics Instrumentation and Experimental Techniques A ratiometric fluorescence imaging system for surgical guidance by E. Moriyama et al.; 5-ALA mediated fluorescence detection of gastrointestinal tumors by E. Borisova et al.; The impact of autonomic dysreflexia on blood flow and skin response in individuals with spinal cord injury by J. C. Ramella-Roman et al.; and Optical clearing of cranial bone by E. Genina et al. (ii) Biophotonics Sensors Optical biomedical diagnostics: sensors with optical response based on two-photon excited luminescent dyes for biomolecule detection by V. Yashchuk et al. and Sensitive label-free biomolecular detection using thin silicon waveguides by Adam Densmore et al. (iii) Nano-Biophotonics Nanotomography of cell surfaces with evanescent fields by M. Wagner et al.; A proposed method for thermal specific bioimaging and therapy technique for diagnostic and treatment of malignant tumors by using magnetic nanoparticles by I. M. Gescheit et al.; Ultra-short laser pulse heating of nanoparticles:

关键词： Biophotonics Microscopy Magnetic nanoparticles

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A distributed wearable system based on multimodal fusion

A distributed wearable system based on multimodal fusion

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3rd International Conference on Embedded Software and systems, ICESS 2007

作者： Cho, Il-Yeon Sunwoo, John Jeong, Hyun-Tae Son, Yong-Ki Ahn, Hee-Joong Lee, Dong-Woo Han, Dong-Won Lee, Cheol-Hoon Digital Home Research Division Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon Korea Republic of System Software Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)3540726845

Wearable computer can be worn anytime with the support of unrestricted communications and variety of services which provides maximum capability of information use. Key challenges in developing such wearable computers are level of comfort that users do not feel what they wear, easy and intuitive user interface and power management technique. This paper suggests a wearable system that consists of a wristwatch-type gesture recognition device and a personal mobile gateway that functional input/output modules can be freely plugged in and taken out. We describe our techniques implemented during our wearable system development: 1) multimodal fusion engine that recognizes voice and gesture simultaneously, 2) power management technique and 3) gesture recognition engine. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our multimodal fusion engine, and show the power consumption measurement data of our system built with the power management technique. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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IEEE radio communications - Components, systems, and networks

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE 2007年第9期45卷 38-38页

作者： Evans, Joseph Zvonar, Zoran Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Information Technology University of Kansas Lawrence KS United States Division of Computer and Network Systems Department for Computer and Information Science and Engineering National Science Foundation United States Systems Engineering Group RF and Wireless System Business Unit Analog Devices

No abstract available

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