As continuous-flow microfluidic biochips technology rapidly advances, its automated synthesis methods require adapting to increasingly complex and stringent biochemical applications. In particular, with the introducti...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350309270
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350309287
As continuous-flow microfluidic biochips technology rapidly advances, its automated synthesis methods require adapting to increasingly complex and stringent biochemical applications. In particular, with the introduction of time-sensitive bioassays, in this work, we present a timing-driven high-level synthesis method to optimize the resource efficiency of bioassays considering the time constraints. Specifically, we investigate the existing forms of time constraints and propose a corresponding flexible modeling approach based on reaction-control which can achieve downward compatibility for physical design. Additionally, we also analyze the impact of storage and wash on time constraints. The experimental results show that our method achieves efficient execution and low devices cost while satisfying time constraints.
Independent light propagation through one or multiple modes is commonly considered as a basic demand for mode manipulation in few-mode fiber(FMF)-or multimode fiber(MMF)-based optical systems such as transmission link...
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Independent light propagation through one or multiple modes is commonly considered as a basic demand for mode manipulation in few-mode fiber(FMF)-or multimode fiber(MMF)-based optical systems such as transmission links,optical fiber lasers,or distributed optical fiber ***,the insertion of doped-fiber amplifiers always kills the entire effort by inducing significant modal *** this paper,we propose the design of doped-fiber amplifiers in FMF-based systems adopting identical multiple-ring-core(MRC)index profiles for both passive and doped fibers to achieve low modal *** develop the direct-glass-transition(DGT)modified chemical vapor deposition(MCVD)processing for precise fabrication of few-mode erbium-doped fibers(FM-EDFs)with MRC profiles of both refractive index and erbium-ion doping ***,a few-mode erbium-doped-fiber amplifier(FM-EDFA)with a maximum gain of 26.08 dB and differential modal gain(DMG)of 2.3 dB is realized based on fabricated FM-EDF matched with a transmission FMF supporting four linearly polarized(LP)*** the insertion of the FM-EDFA,60+60 km simultaneous LP_(01)∕LP_(11)∕LP_(21)∕LP_(02)transmission without inter-modal multiple-input multiple-output digital signal processing(MIMO-DSP)is successfully *** proposed design of low-modal-crosstalk doped-fiber amplifiers provides,to our knowledge,new insights into mode manipulation methods in various applications.
In the era of big data, data trading significantly enhances data-driven technologies by facilitating data sharing. Despite the clear advantages often experienced by data users when incorporating multiple sources, the ...
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Student cognitive modeling (SCM) is a fundamental task in intelligent education, with applications ranging from personalized learning to educational resource allocation. By exploiting students' response logs, SCM ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331314385
Student cognitive modeling (SCM) is a fundamental task in intelligent education, with applications ranging from personalized learning to educational resource allocation. By exploiting students' response logs, SCM aims to predict their exercise performance as well as estimate knowledge proficiency in a subject. Data mining approaches such as matrix factorization can obtain high accuracy in predicting student performance on exercises, but the knowledge proficiency is unknown or poorly estimated. The situation is further exacerbated if only sparse interactions exist between exercises and students (or knowledge concepts). To solve this dilemma, we root monotonicity (a fundamental psychometric theory on educational assessments) in a co-factorization framework and present an autoencoder-like nonnegative matrix co-factorization (AE-NMCF), which improves the accuracy of estimating the student's knowledge proficiency via an encoder-decoder learning pipeline. The resulting estimation problem is nonconvex with nonnegative constraints. We introduce a projected gradient method based on block coordinate descent with Lipschitz constants and guarantee the method's theoretical convergence. Experiments on several real-world data sets demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in terms of both performance prediction accuracy and knowledge estimation ability, when compared with existing student cognitive models.
Federated Graph Learning (FGL) has garnered widespread attention by enabling collaborative training on multiple clients for semi-supervised classification tasks. However, most existing FGL studies do not well consider...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350383508
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350383515
Federated Graph Learning (FGL) has garnered widespread attention by enabling collaborative training on multiple clients for semi-supervised classification tasks. However, most existing FGL studies do not well consider the missing inter-client topology information in real-world scenarios, causing insufficient feature aggregation of multi-hop neighbor clients during model training. Moreover, the classic FGL commonly adopts the FedAvg but neglects the high training costs when the number of clients expands, resulting in the overload of a single edge server. To address these important challenges, we propose a novel FGL framework, named SpreadFGL, to promote the information flow in edge-client collaboration and extract more generalized potential relationships between clients. In SpreadFGL, an adaptive graph imputation generator incorporated with a versatile assessor is first designed to exploit the potential links between subgraphs, without sharing raw data. Next, a new negative sampling mechanism is developed to make SpreadFGL concentrate on more refined information in downstream tasks. To facilitate load balancing at the edge layer, SpreadFGL follows a distributed training manner that enables fast model convergence. Using real-world testbed and benchmark graph datasets, extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SpreadFGL. The results show that SpreadFGL achieves higher accuracy and faster convergence against state-of-the-art algorithms.
Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks can seamlessly supplement terrestrial networks by providing a high capacity, wide coverage, and cost-effective solution. Positioned to play a significant role in the upcoming 5...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350351255
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350351262
Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks can seamlessly supplement terrestrial networks by providing a high capacity, wide coverage, and cost-effective solution. Positioned to play a significant role in the upcoming 5G/6G era thanks to reduced launch expenses, LEO satellite networks offer benefits such as multi-path transmission, aggregated link bandwidth, redundant paths, and enhanced mobility support. These advantages necessitate further exploration in integrated satellite-terrestrial networks. In this work, we leverage network conditions, underlying link status, and real-time service characteristics to achieve effective synergy, aiming to fulfill application requirements. We formulate the service-oriented multi-path scheduling (SOMPS) problem as a bounded multi-knapsack problem and employ dynamic programming methods for its solution. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme provides high transmission rate, low latency, and customized information delivery for services, in comparison with baseline schemes.
Facial image based kinship verification aims to decide whether there exists kinship between the given facial images. In practice, the cross-generation differences will cause adverse effects on kinship verification, wh...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350390155
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350390162
Facial image based kinship verification aims to decide whether there exists kinship between the given facial images. In practice, the cross-generation differences will cause adverse effects on kinship verification, which limits the performance. Therefore, how to mine the implied similarity from facial images with large cross-generation divergence is an important problem in kinship verification, which has not yet been well studied. In view of this, we propose a Similarity Mining via Implicit matching pattern LEarning (SMILE) approach for kinship verification. Specifically, SMILE mainly consists of two modules, including a Semi-coupled Multi-pattern Similarity Learning (SMSL) module and a Cross-Generation Feature Normalization (CGFN) module. The SMSL module is designed to learn multiple semi-coupled matching patterns for mining the implicit facial similarity information from different perspectives. The CGFN module aims to reduce the divergence between facial images of parent and child. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Software-defined networking(SDN) is a revolutionary technology that facilitates network management and enables programmatically efficient network configuration, thereby improving network performance and flexibility. H...
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Software-defined networking(SDN) is a revolutionary technology that facilitates network management and enables programmatically efficient network configuration, thereby improving network performance and flexibility. However, as the application programming interfaces(APIs) of SDN are low-level or functionality-restricted, SDN programmers cannot easily keep pace with the ever-changing devices, topologies, and demands of SDN. By deriving motivation from industry practice, we define a novel network algorithm programming language(NAPL) that enhances the SDN framework with a rapid programming flow from topology-based network models to C++ implementations, thus bridging the gap between the limited capability of existing SDN APIs and the reality of practical network management. In contrast to several state-of-the-art languages, NAPL provides a range of critical high-level network programming features:(1) topology-based network modeling and visualization;(2) fast abstraction and expansion of network devices and constraints;(3) a declarative paradigm for the fast design of forwarding policies;(4) a built-in library for complex algorithm implementation;(5) full compatibility with C++ programming; and(6) userfriendly debugging support when compiling NAPL into highly readable C++ codes. The expressiveness and performance of NAPL are demonstrated in various industrial scenarios originating from practical network management.
Against the backdrop of the "dual carbon" goal and the green of energy transformation, the volatility and randomness issues of the new power system dominated by wind and solar power are becoming increasingly...
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Many pre-operative overall survival (OS) prediction methods have been proposed to assist personalized treatment of diffuse glioma for better prognosis. Most of them utilize pre-operative data, while post-operative dat...
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Many pre-operative overall survival (OS) prediction methods have been proposed to assist personalized treatment of diffuse glioma for better prognosis. Most of them utilize pre-operative data, while post-operative data, which contains essential prognosis-related information (e.g., surgical outcomes and lesion evolution) is neglected, hindering prediction accuracy. However, incorporating post-operative data could make OS prediction inapplicable at pre-operative stage, affecting clinical utility. To address this contradiction, in this paper, we propose an effective framework that leverages longitudinal data (pre- and post-operative data) to enhance pre-operative OS prediction. Specifically, two OS prediction networks are built in a knowledge distillation framework. One is the teacher network trained with longitudinal data, and the other is the student network relying solely on pre-operative data. Distillation of deep features is conducted to align the performance of the student network with that of the teacher network. Moreover, mass effect and its distillation are adopted to incorporate lesion evolution information, further enhancing prediction performance. Based on our framework, the student network can leverage essential post-operative information without compromising its applicability at pre-operative stage. Experiments on both in-house and public datasets demonstrate that the student network outperforms all state-of-the-art methods under evaluation with statistical significance. Further ablation study reveals that distillation of mass effect and deep features play positive roles in OS prediction. Moreover, new prognosis-related factors are discovered by comparing the student network with and without distillation.
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