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Integration of Federated Learning and Graph Convolutional Networks for Movie Recommendation Systems

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2041-2057页

作者： Sony Peng Sophort Siet Ilkhomjon Sadriddinov Dae-Young Kim Kyuwon Park Doo-Soon Park Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Republic of Korea Department of Computer Software and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Republic of Korea AI⋅SW Education Institute Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Republic of Korea

Recommendation systems(RSs)are crucial in personalizing user experiences in digital environments by suggesting relevant content or *** filtering(CF)is a widely used personalization technique that leverages user-item interactions to generate ***,it struggles with challenges like the cold-start problem,scalability issues,and data *** address these limitations,we develop a Graph Convolutional Networks(GCNs)model that captures the complex network of interactions between users and items,identifying subtle patterns that traditional methods may *** integrate this GCNs model into a federated learning(FL)framework,enabling themodel to learn fromdecentralized *** not only significantly enhances user privacy—a significant improvement over conventionalmodels but also reassures users about the safety of their ***,by securely incorporating demographic information,our approach further personalizes recommendations and mitigates the coldstart issue without compromising user *** validate our RSs model using the openMovieLens dataset and evaluate its performance across six key metrics:Precision,Recall,Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(ROC-AUC),F1 Score,Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain(NDCG),and Mean Reciprocal Rank(MRR).The experimental results demonstrate significant enhancements in recommendation quality,underscoring that combining GCNs with CF in a federated setting provides a transformative solution for advanced recommendation systems.

关键词： Recommendation systems collaborative filtering graph convolutional networks federated learning framework

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A Trustworthy Analysis Approach for Chatbots on Health Data: ChatGPT-4 Example 29

A Trustworthy Analysis Approach for Chatbots on Health Data:...

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29th International Conference on Information Technology, IT 2025

作者： Arslanoǧlu, Kübra Karaköse, Mehmet The University of Firat The Faculty of Engineering The Department of Software Engineering Elazig Turkey The University of Firat The Faculty of Engineering The Department of Computer Engineering Elazig Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517649

Considering the increasing and widespread use of chatbots, it is of great importance to provide methods and tools to address ethical concerns and to make users aware of various aspects of a chatbot, including non-functional features. The Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) is a state-of-the-art Natural Language Generation (NLG) model, enhanced by the latest version of GPT-4. This study evaluates the trustworthiness of the responses of three different chatbot models, BlenderBot with Hugging Face, ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, to 100 randomly selected medical questions. The accuracy and semantic similarity of the answers were measured by BLEU, ROUGE-1 and Cosine Similarity metrics, and response times were also recorded as an important performance factor. The results showed that GPT-4 exhibited superior performance, thus being able to produce more accurate and contextually reliable responses. However, the significantly longer response time of GPT-4 emerged as a disadvantage that may affect real-time utilisation. These findings provide an important reference for the effective use of GPT-4 in the context of health chatbots. The study contributes to the literature on improving the effectiveness of chatbots in healthcare by drawing attention to the importance of balancing speed, accuracy and trustworthiness, as well as the fact that the answers obtained are drawn with Application Programming Interface (API). © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Exploring Text Similarity in Human and AI-Generated Scientific Abstracts: A Comprehensive Analysis

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 74313-74334页

作者： Celikten, Tugba Onan, Aytug Izmir Katip Celebi University Department of Computer Engineering Izmir Turkey Manisa Celal Bayar University Department of Software Engineering Manisa Turkey

Text similarity is a crucial area of study that evaluates how similar texts are both semantically and syntactically. As data volumes increase, understanding the similarities and relationships between texts becomes essential, particularly in natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as text generation, summarization, and classification. This study examines the similarities between human-written scientific abstracts, AI-paraphrased abstracts, and AI-generated abstracts. Various methods, including cosine similarity, Word2Vec, and BERT, were evaluated based on mean, median, and standard deviation metrics. Among these, Word2Vec and FastText achieved the highest mean similarity scores (0.930), while BERT demonstrated superior performance with the highest median (0.841) and the lowest standard deviation (0.019) in the ’Human-Paraphrased’ category, showing consistent results across datasets. Additionally, the research investigates the implications of these similarities for text analysis and ethical standards, comparing various techniques for measuring text similarity and analysing their effectiveness. The findings offer valuable insights into the application areas of text similarity analysis. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Human-like text generation plagiarism detection semantic text similarity text similarity text similarity methods

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Convolutional Neural Networks Based Hybrid Deep Model for Grapevine Leaves Detection and Classification

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Traitement du Signal 2025年第2期42卷 835-841页

作者： Atesoglu, Fatih Bingol, Harun Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Naturel Sciences Maltepe University İstanbul34857 Turkey Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Naturel Sciences Malatya Turgut Özal University Malatya44200 Turkey

The problem of determining the type of grapevine leave (GL) has an important place in the agricultural field and especially in the field of viticulture. It is a foodstuff that is consumed as a table especially in every Middle Eastern country and its export to Europe has been increasing in recent years. GL are usually consumed as wraps. Considering the economic situation of such a widely used plant, the determination of the plant type is very important. Because early intervention is required for diseases that will occur in the plant. As it is known, early diagnosis will facilitate treatment. In this study, leaf types were classified using artificial intelligence techniques in order to help experts diagnose the type of vine leaf. In addition, a hybrid model was proposed for classification processes. In this proposed hybrid model, feature maps were first extracted from the Resnet50 and Inceptionv3 deep models and these features were combined. Then, the most valuable features in the feature map were selected with the Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) method. Then, the feature map containing the most valuable features was classified in the best-known supervised classification methods. The proposed hybrid model reached an accuracy value of 89.2%. Thus, it has been determined that the proposed hybrid model achieves a highly competitive accuracy value in the classification of vine leaf images and can be used for this purpose. ©2025 The authors.

关键词： Supervised learning

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Auto-3D-house Design from Structured User Requirements

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Machine Intelligence Research 2025年第2期22卷 368-385页

作者： Minkui Tan Qi Chen Zixiong Huang Qi Wu Yuanqing Li Jiaqiu Zhou School of Software Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Faculty of Engineering Computer and Mathematical ScienceUniversity of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5005Australia School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

We study the task of automated house design,which aims to automatically generate 3D houses from user ***,in the automatic system,it is non-trivial due to the intrinsic complexity of house designing:1)the understanding of user requirements,where the users can hardly provide high-quality requirements without any professional knowledge;2)the design of house plan,which mainly focuses on how to capture the effective information from user *** address the above issues,we propose an automatic house design framework,called auto-3D-house design(A3HD).Unlike the previous works that consider the user requirements in an unstructured way(e.g.,natural language),we carefully design a structured list that divides the requirements into three parts(i.e.,layout,outline,and style),which focus on the attributes of rooms,the outline of the building,and the style of decoration,*** the processing of architects,we construct a bubble diagram(i.e.,graph)that covers the rooms′attributes and relations under the constraint of *** addition,we take each outline as a combination of points and orders,ensuring that it can represent the outlines with arbitrary ***,we propose a graph feature generation module(GFGM)to capture layout features from the bubble diagrams and an outline feature generation module(OFGM)for outline ***,we render 3D houses according to the given style requirements in a rule-based *** on two benchmark datasets(i.e.,RPLAN and T3HM)demonstrate the effectiveness of our A3HD in terms of both quantitative and qualitative evaluation metrics.

关键词： Automated house design user requirements understanding outline processing layout generation graph feature generation.

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Bayesian Analysis Enhances Sales and Warranty Strategies for Repairable Industrial Products by Considering Hybrid Deterioration Modes

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 72169-72188页

作者： Fang, Chih-Chiang Ma, Liping Kuo, Wenfeng Zhaoqing University School of Computer Science and Software Zhaoqing526061 China Shanghai Zhongqiao Vocational and Technical University School of Information Engineering Shanghai201514 China

An effective warranty policy not only fulfills a manufacturer’s or vendor’s obligations but also plays a crucial role in enhancing customer confidence and encouraging future purchases. To attract more customers and drive sales, companies may extend the service life of their products. However, they cannot offer unlimited warranties to dominate the market, as the associated warranty costs will ultimately outweigh the profits. Therefore, manufacturers must strike a balance between the advantages of providing longer warranties to foster customer trust and the potential financial implications involved. Despite the significance of this issue, there has been limited research on hybrid deteriorating systems that encompass both maintainable and non-maintainable failure modes. Furthermore, conducting preventive maintenance analyses is challenging when historical failure data is insufficient. To address these gaps, this study introduces a Bayesian statistical approach to handle preventive maintenance challenges. The system’s deterioration is modeled using Non-Homogeneous Poisson processes (NHPP) with power-law failure intensity functions. A mathematical model, along with a solution algorithm, has been developed to assist manufacturers in making informed decisions regarding pricing, production, and warranty strategies. Furthermore, to facilitate the practical application of these models, the study offers solution algorithms and a computerized framework that enables decision-makers to implement automated decision-making processes. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Fabrication

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Optimizing Risk-Aware Task Migration Algorithm Among Multiplex UAV Groups Through Hybrid Attention Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2025年第1期30卷 318-330页

作者： Yuanshuang Jiang Kai Di Ruiyi Qian Xingyu Wu Fulin Chen Pan Li Xiping Fu Yichuan Jiang School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189 School of Software Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189 School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189 PredictHQ Auckland 1010New Zealand

Recently,with the increasing complexity of multiplex Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(multi-UAVs)collaboration in dynamic task environments,multi-UAVs systems have shown new characteristics of inter-coupling among multiplex groups and intra-correlation within ***,previous studies often overlooked the structural impact of dynamic risks on agents among multiplex UAV groups,which is a critical issue for modern multi-UAVs communication to *** address this problem,we integrate the influence of dynamic risks on agents among multiplex UAV group structures into a multi-UAVs task migration problem and formulate it as a partially observable Markov *** then propose a Hybrid Attention Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning(HAMRL)algorithm,which uses attention structures to learn the dynamic characteristics of the task environment,and it integrates hybrid attention mechanisms to establish efficient intra-and inter-group communication aggregation for information extraction and group *** results show that in this comprehensive and challenging model,our algorithm significantly outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of convergence speed and algorithm performance due to the rational design of communication mechanisms.

关键词： Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) multiplex UAV group structures task migration multi-agent reinforcement learning

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OptiMobileX: Optimizing Deep Transfer Learning Model for Accurate Human Posture Recognition Using a Deep Feature Fusion Technique

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第6期25卷 9759-9766页

作者： Ogundokun, Roseline Oluwaseun Damasevicius, Robertas Maskeliunas, Rytis Kaunas University of Technology Department of Software Engineering Kaunas44249 Lithuania Kaunas University of Technology Centre of Real Time Computer Systems Kaunas44249 Lithuania

Human posture recognition (HPR) has garnered growing interest given the possibility of its use in various applications, including healthcare and sports fitness. Interestingly, achieving accurate pose recognition on mobile devices with very little computing power is still tricky. The precise identification of human posture on mobile devices with constrained computational resources is of utmost importance to bring about significant advancements in healthcare, fitness, and technology engagement. By facilitating real-time monitoring and providing personalized solutions, this technology improves accessibility and well-being, revolutionizing our interaction with digital applications. In this work, we used the deep feature concatenation (DFC) mechanism to combine features extracted from input images using two modern pretrained DTL models, MobileNetV2 and Xception, which led to our proposed OptiMobileX: A deep transfer learning (DTL) model based on a DFC of the MobileNetV2 and Xception models for the overall improvement of the identification capability of this posture. The classification accuracy of 96.42% is achieved by the OptiMobileX model, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed model over MobileNetV2, Xception, AlexNet, and InceptionV3, which only manage to obtain 88.17%, 92.47%, 90.32%, and 73.48% accuracy, respectively. The OptiMobileX model exhibits notable capabilities but faces significant limitations. Inadequate details on detecting inappropriate postures and a lack of information on required computing resources hinder the study's comprehensiveness and practical implementation. The absence of insufficient discussion on dataset biases and a lack of information on the model's generalization capacity create obstacles, raising concerns about its fairness, applicability, and real-world utility. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Enhancing intra-aural disease classification with attention-based deep learning models

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第9期37卷 6601-6616页

作者： Demircan, Furkancan Ekinci, Murat Cömert, Zafer Software Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Samsun University 19 Mayıs Samsun Turkey Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Karadeniz Technical University Trabzon Ortahisar Turkey Department of Technical Sciences of the Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan

Ear diseases are defined as pathological conditions that indicate dysfunction or abnormal function of the ear organ, which is part of the auditory system of living organisms that regulates hearing and balance functions. These diseases usually manifest as conditions that affect the internal components of the ear structure and can manifest themselves with symptoms such as hearing loss, ear pain, balance problems, and fluid accumulation in the ear. The accuracy of the diagnosis depends on expert knowledge and subjective opinion. This method is prone to human error. This study presents a novel computer-aided diagnosis system for otoscope images of ear diseases, utilizing a vision transformer-based feature extractor combined with machine learning classifiers to provide accurate second opinions for ENT specialists. For this purpose, a new model based on state-of-the-art vision transformer feature extractor and machine learning models is proposed. In the experimental study, the dataset, comprising 880 eardrum images categorized into four classes (CSOM, earwax, myringosclerosis, and normal), was split into training (70%), validation (10%), and testing (20%) subsets. Each image was preprocessed to 420 × 380 pixels to fit the input dimensions of the models. The vision transformer architecture was utilized for feature extraction, followed by classification using various machine learning algorithms including kNN, SVM, and random forest. As a result, the model using vision transformer feature extractor and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm achieved 99.00% accuracy. In this study, a deep learning-based and computer-aided diagnosis system, in other words, a computational model, was developed instead of the current human error-prone disease diagnosis method used by ear nose throat (ENT) specialists. The main purpose of the deep learning-based decision support system is to support the diagnosis process where expert knowledge is difficult to access and to provide an alternative opi

关键词： Deep learning

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Valuing Training Data via Causal Inference for In-Context Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data engineering 2025年第6期37卷 3824-3840页

作者： Zhou, Xiaoling Ye, Wei Lee, Zhemg Zou, Lei Zhang, Shikun Peking University National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering Beijing100871 China Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Peking University Wangxuan Institute of Computer Technology Beijing100871 China

In-context learning (ICL) empowers large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to predict outcomes for unseen inputs without parameter updates. However, the efficacy of ICL heavily relies on the choice of demonstration examples. Randomly selecting from the training set frequently leads to inconsistent performance. Addressing this challenge, this study takes a novel approach by focusing on training data valuation through causal inference. Specifically, we introduce the concept of average marginal effect (AME) to quantify the contribution of individual training samples to ICL performance, encompassing both its generalization and robustness. Drawing inspiration from multiple treatment effects and randomized experiments, we initially sample diverse training subsets to construct prompts and evaluate the ICL performance based on these prompts. Subsequently, we employ Elastic Net regression to collectively estimate the AME values for all training data, considering subset compositions and inference performance. Ultimately, we prioritize samples with the highest values to prompt the inference of the test data. Across various tasks and with seven PLMs ranging in size from 0.8B to 33B, our approach consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance. Particularly, it outperforms Vanilla ICL and the best-performing baseline by an average of 14.1% and 5.2%, respectively. Moreover, prioritizing the most valuable samples for prompting leads to a significant enhancement in performance stability and robustness across various learning scenarios. Impressively, the valuable samples exhibit transferability across diverse PLMs and generalize well to out-of-distribution tasks. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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