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14th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2025

作者： Shrestha, Niranjan Oruganti, V. S. R. Varaprasad Williamson, Sheldon Ontario Tech University Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516116

This paper presents a digitally controlled Inductive power transfer (IPT) system for charging Electric scooters (E-scooters), utilising an adaptive hybrid compensation network design. This system ensures constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) charging, with misalignment. It leverages the advantages of double-sided inductor-capacitor-capacitor (DS-LCC) and LCC-series (LCC-S) topologies, which respectively provide CC and CV output. A Type-II digital anti-windup PI control method with a selectable compensation network is introduced, allowing both CC and CV modes to operate with zero voltage switching (ZVS) under misalignment conditions. This approach reduces system losses and enhances the stability and efficiency of the IPT system. A 270W/85-kHz IPT-based E-scooter charger was designed and simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, and an experimental prototype was developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed charger as per SAE J2954 standards. Testing under three different coupling conditions perfect alignment, 5 cm misalignment, and 10 cm misalignment demonstrated that the output parameters remained constant across all conditions, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed control technique. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Zero voltage switching

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Critical Role of Individual Cell Temperature Monitoring in Mitigating Thermal Runaway and Reducing Accelerated Degradation in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Critical Role of Individual Cell Temperature Monitoring in M...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Mohit Sharma Akash Samanta William Locke Sheldon Williamson Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331516116

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516123

Thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a critical risk, potentially leading to fires and explosions. This phenomenon can be triggered by overcharging, short-circuiting, physical damage, manufacturing defects, and overheating. Effective mitigation of thermal runaway relies on precise and close monitoring of individual cells within the battery pack, a task often complicated by the complexity and cost of implementing temperature sensors on each cell in automotive applications. This study demonstrates the importance of individual cell temperature monitoring by intentionally including an unhealthy cell (C#12) in a 14-cell LIB 21700 module equipped with an automotive-grade battery management system (BMS) from NXP®. Experimental results reveal that despite efficient BMS balancing, the weak cell exhibited a significantly higher temperature rise, with a final temperature difference of 6°C and a voltage difference of over 200 mV compared to healthy cells. These findings underscore the potential for thermal failure and runaway if individual cell temperatures are not closely monitored. Additionally, reliance on voltage-based control alone can lead to suboptimal battery pack utilization, as evidenced by a 5% capacity loss due to the weak cell. This research highlights the necessity of monitoring the temperature of each cell to prevent thermal runaway and ensure efficient battery performance.

关键词： Temperature measurement Temperature sensors Lithium-ion batteries Degradation Accuracy Automotive applications Battery management systems Voltage control Monitoring Thermal degradation

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Advancing Road Safety: Road Accident Severity Prediction Using Deep Learning Models

Advancing Road Safety: Road Accident Severity Prediction Usi...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Ashadullah Shawon Akramul Azim Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa Ontario Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331505929

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505936

The alarming rise in worldwide road traffic accidents poses serious challenges to numerous aspects of human existence. However, there has been a lack of attention paid to the important aspects of traffic characteristics, causation analysis, accident severity analysis, and the relationships between diverse causal factors. The road accident severity prediction system can be a significant analytical resource for traffic analysts and researchers aimed at identifying the major elements of road accident severity to improve road safety for automobiles as well as individuals. In this paper, we proposed effective deep-learning models for the tabular data to predict the severity of road accidents and our experimental results show the proposed method outperformed prior research works.

关键词： Deep learning Road accidents Accuracy Machine learning algorithms Neural networks Predictive models Road safety Road traffic Data models Intelligent transportation systems

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A Hybrid Autonomous Intersection Management for Minimizing Delays Using Fuzzy Logic

A Hybrid Autonomous Intersection Management for Minimizing D...

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Smart Mobility (SM), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Babangida Zachariah Khalid Elgazzar Sanaa Alwidian Electrical Computer & Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350390131

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390148

This research proposes a fuzzy logic model to control intersection traffic flow to reduce average delay and increase throughput. To achieve this, vehicles and the controller exchange standard Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) messages to facilitate cooperation and utilization of the intersection. The proposed approach has been validated using the F1tenth_gym_ros simulation platform and on the Eclipse Mosaic platform. The simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the static controllers, 25s and 30s by 35.55% and 33.15%, respectively in terms of delay minimization; and 17.44% and 17.82% in terms of throughput, respectively. The proposed approach also outperforms the state-of-the-art controller by 16.18% in terms of delay minimization and 12.16% in terms of throughput. The results of the paired sample t-test also show that the proposed controller outperforms other controllers in both delay and throughput. This shows the potential to improve intelligent transportation systems using V2X technologies and smart intersection management.

关键词： Fuzzy logic Schedules Simulation Vehicle-to-infrastructure Throughput Minimization Control systems Delays Standards Intelligent transportation systems

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Evaluation of Retired Lithium-ion Batteries for Second-life Applications through Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 14

Evaluation of Retired Lithium-ion Batteries for Second-life ...

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14th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2025

作者： Anekal, Latha Williamson, Sheldon Ontario Tech University Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516116

The rapid growth of electric transportation will generate a substantial number of retired batteries. Recycling the retired LIBs is being looked at worldwide to recover the expensive raw materials from used batteries. Alternatively, the retired electric vehicle (EV) batteries can be reused directly or refurbished for second-life applications. Nevertheless, Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) degrade during their first-life usage, hence ensuring safety, efficiency, and reliability in second-life applications is crucial. This study investigates LIB degradation using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to assess the battery condition at the end of its primary use. A Samsung 21700 nickel cobalt aluminium (NCA) battery is cycled to 80% of its initial capacity and equivalent circuit model (ECM) parameters obtained through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are analyzed. Individual ECM parameters are evaluated to acquire the health indicators. Although the battery capacity decreased by 20%, resistive components such as bulk resistance, charge transfer resistance and Warburg resistance increased by 140%, 150% and 132% respectively. Given the relative capacity and resistance, the battery is well-suited for second-life applications such as grid frequency regulation, uninterruptible power supply, electric forklifts, and material handling equipment. Other health indicators such as Loss of lithium inventory (LLI) and loss of active materials (LAM) are also captured. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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An LLM-Based Framework for Synthetic Data Generation

An LLM-Based Framework for Synthetic Data Generation

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IEEE Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)

作者： Mandeep Goyal Qusay H. Mahmoud Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa ON Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331507695

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507701

The demand for high-quality datasets is rapidly increasing across sectors such as healthcare, finance, and cybersecurity, yet challenges like data scarcity and privacy concerns persist. To address this, we introduce a framework for synthetic data generation that empowers users to create realistic datasets while maintaining privacy. The framework leverages fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) and differential privacy techniques, including IBM's diffprivlib, to generate synthetic data that replicates real-world patterns without exposing sensitive information. A proof-of-concept platform has been constructed to facilitate seamless data generation and augmentation, making it particularly useful in scenarios where original datasets are inaccessible, scarce, or privacy-restricted. The platform supports the creation of datasets across five key categories, employing advanced methods to preserve data integrity while ensuring compliance with stringent privacy standards. By combining cutting-edge AI technologies with robust privacy-preserving techniques, this framework offers a practical solution for researchers and professionals seeking reliable synthetic data to drive innovation in data-sensitive fields.

关键词： technological innovation Differential privacy Large language models Data integrity Finance Medical services Data models Reliability Standards Synthetic data

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Digitally Controlled Misalignment-Tolerant Inductive Power Transfer System with Adaptive Hybrid Compensation for CC/CV Charging of E-Scooter

Digitally Controlled Misalignment-Tolerant Inductive Power T...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Niranjan Shrestha V. S. R. Varaprasad Oruganti Sheldon Williamson Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331516116

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516123

关键词： Couplings Adaptive systems Stability criteria Motorcycles Zero voltage switching Hybrid power systems Topology Voltage control Standards Testing

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Work-in-Progress: ESOps - An Agile Pipeline for Next-Generation Embedded Systems Development

Work-in-Progress: ESOps - An Agile Pipeline for Next-Generat...

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded software (EMSOFT)

作者： Md Al Maruf Akramul Azim Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350356410

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356427

Embedded Systems Operations (ESOps) introduces a feature-driven development pipeline for next-generation embedded system, leveraging domain-specific Large Language Models (LLMs) to expedite the development process. Targeted at industries such as automotive, aerospace, and healthcare, ESOps overcomes traditional development barriers by enabling a profound understanding of legacy codebase and integrating innovative AI-driven methodologies. This pipeline ensures systems predictability and reliability, meets stringent constraints, and shortens time-to-market by optimizing both the development and operational phases.

关键词： Industries Embedded systems Large language models Pipelines Medical services software reliability Next generation networking Aerospace industry Embedded software Automotive engineering

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Evaluation of Retired Lithium-ion Batteries for Second-life Applications through Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Evaluation of Retired Lithium-ion Batteries for Second-life ...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Latha Anekal Sheldon Williamson Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331516116

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516123

关键词： Resistance Lithium-ion batteries Degradation Transportation Stability analysis Recycling Safety Uninterruptible power systems Thermal stability Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Computation-and-Communication Efficient Coordinated Multicast Beamforming in Massive MIMO Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yin, Shiqi Dong, Min Department of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University ON Canada

The main challenges in designing downlink coordinated multicast beamforming in massive multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) cellular networks are the complex computational solutions and significant fronthaul overhead for centralized coordination. This paper proposes a coordinated multicast beamforming solution that is both computation and communication efficient. For joint BS coordination with individual base station transmit power budgets, we first obtain the optimal structure of coordinated multicast beamforming. It reveals that the beamformer at each BS is naturally distributed and only depends on the local channel state information (CSI) at its serving BS. Moreover, the optimal beamformer is a weighted minimum mean square error (MMSE) beamformer with a low-dimensional structure of unknown weights to be optimized, independent of the number of BS antennas. Utilizing the optimal structural properties, we propose fast algorithms to determine the unknown parameters for the optimal beamformer. The main iterative algorithm decomposes the problem into small subproblems, yielding only closed/semi-closed form updates. Furthermore, we propose a semi-distributed computing approach for the proposed algorithm that allows each BS to compute its beamformer based on the local CSI without the need for global CSI sharing, resulting in the fronthaul overhead independent of the number of BS antennas. We further extend our results to the design under the imperfect CSI and other coordination scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed methods can achieve near-optimal performance with significantly lower computational time for massive MIMO systems than the conventional approaches. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Budget control

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