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Balancing communication overhead and accuracy in compression integration: a survey

Journal of Supercomputing 2025年第8期81卷 1-63页

作者： Yang, Aiqiang Liu, Jie Yang, Bo Mo, Zeyao Li, Keqin College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410000 China Laboratory of Digitizing Software for Frontier Equipment National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing China Department of Computer Science State University of New York New PaltzNY12561 United States

In large-scale distributed training, communication compression techniques are widely used to reduce the significant communication overhead caused by the frequent exchange of model parameters or gradients between training nodes. However, these techniques often introduce additional computational complexity and may lead to data loss, thereby affecting model convergence and performance. This review examines key optimization methods in communication compression, including pruning techniques that remove irrelevant weights, quantization techniques that convert floating-point parameters to low-precision representations, and sparsification techniques that transmit only critical gradients. Low-rank approximation techniques, which compress parameters through matrix factorization, are particularly useful for large-scale models. These techniques have also been widely applied in various application scenarios, demonstrating their effectiveness in different environments. Application scenarios include distributed training, federated learning, and edge computing, where bottlenecks are carefully identified and evaluated in common scenarios, providing a basis for further optimization. Future development directions emphasize co-design of hardware and algorithms, dynamic strategies, and cross-layer optimization. This study provides valuable comparisons of key methods and theoretical analysis for efficient communication compression in distributed systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Edge computing

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A new method to analyze visual efficiency in interactive web environment

A new method to analyze visual efficiency in interactive web...

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2023 International Conference on computer Graphics, Artificial Intelligence, and Data Processing, ICCAID 2023

作者： Lv, Wen Li, Tingting Xie, Zhenping School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Jiangnan University China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510677685

Interactive web interfaces are widely used, yet users often struggle to discover important and useful information. Psychologists have pointed out that in the process of human visual perception, the global topological characteristics of objects will be perceived first. In this study, we propose a cognitive experiment system to explore what object properties affect visual efficiency in interactive web environments. Our experimental results showed that, first, if a small number of colors are allocated to different objects, these objects could be more effectively memorized than no color or too many colors. Second, in static single-page, different topology structures will not cause apparently different visual attraction, however, topological structural differences could be stronger memorized. Third, in dynamic HTML, the motion changes will induce stronger visual attention and memory intensity, than their own topology changes. Subsequently, we verified the feasibility of the experiment system in real webpages and demonstrated that the above results can theoretically guide better web interaction design works with less cognitive load of users, higher operation efficiency and more natural user experience. In addition, some design reference suggestions are also provided in our study. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Color

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Enhancing on-Device Inference Security Through TEE-Integrated Dual-Network Architecture

Enhancing on-Device Inference Security Through TEE-Integrate...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Zhu, Zhenyu Qu, Zhihao Jia, Ninghui Zhou, Wenxuan Ye, Baoliu School of Computer and Software Hohai University Nanjing China Hohai University Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing China Nanjing University National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

Trusted Execution Environment(TEE) offers a secure data processing zone for model inference. Due to its limited resources, existing solutions like MirrorNet usually deploy a lightweight model within the TEE for sensitive data, and a backbone model outside for the rest. However, these approaches do not inherently limit the learning ability of the backbone model, which could acquire inference capabilities similar to the lightweight model, inevitably weakening the security. To counter this, we propose FakeNN, an innovative mechanism with a dual-network architecture, that intentionally guides the backbone model towards low predictive performance, thereby reducing its ability to infer sensitive information. We further improve the accuracy of the entire model by integrating a channel attention mechanism which reduces the transmission of redundant information. We conduct extensive experiments and the results demonstrate that FakeNN substantially expands the performance gap between the non-secure and secure TEE models, with improvements ranging from 3.16% to 66.42% compared to MirrorNet. This enhancement strengthens the system's security without negatively impacting the accuracy of the model. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sensitive data

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Evaluation of Hallucination and Robustness for Large Language Models 23

Evaluation of Hallucination and Robustness for Large Languag...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on software Quality, Reliability, and Security Companion, QRS-C 2023

作者： Hu, Rui Zhong, Junhao Ding, Minjie Ma, Zeyu Chen, Mingang Shanghai Development Center of Computer Software Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Computer Software Testing and Evaluating Shanghai China Shanghai AI Industry Association Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359398

As large language models (LLMs) rapidly advance, rigorous testing and evaluation of these models grows increasingly crucial. To address this need, we have developed three types of questions: Chinese contextual, English contextual, and language context-independent. Testing in both Chinese and English probes the LLMs' hallucination tendencies. We investigate the impact of language on hallucinations from two perspectives: The type of language used in the input prompt and the cultural context underlying the prompt's content. Additionally, 52 multi-domain single-choice questions from C-EVAL are presented in original and randomized order to assess robustness to perturbations. Among the five LLMs, the tests demonstrate GPT-4 has the strongest anti-hallucination and robustness capabilities, answering with greater accuracy, consistency, and reliability. ChatGLM ranks second and outperforms GPT-4 on Chinese context-dependent questions. Emergent testing phenomena are analyzed from the user's perspective. Hallucinated responses are categorized and potential causal factors leading to hallucination and fragility are examined. Based on these findings, viable avenues for improvement are proposed. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Deep Combination of CDCl(T) and Local Search for Satisfiability Modulo Non-Linear Integer Arithmetic Theory 24

Deep Combination of CDCl(T) and Local Search for Satisfiabil...

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44th ACM/IEEE International Conference on software Engineering, ICSE 2024

作者： Zhang, Xindi Li, Bohan Cai, Shaowei Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400702174

Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) generalizes the propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) by extending support for various first-order background theories. In this paper, we focus on the SMT problems in Non-Linear Integer Arithmetic (NIA) theory, referred to as SMT(NIA), which has wide applications in software engineering. The dominant paradigm for SMT(NIA) is the CDCL(T) framework, while recently stochastic local search (SLS) has also shown its effectiveness. However, the cooperation between the two methods has not been studied yet. Motivated by the great success of the deep cooperation of CDCL and SLS for SAT, we propose a two-layer hybrid approach for SMT(NIA). The outer-layer interleaves between the inner-layer and an independent SLS solver. In the inner-layer, we take CDCL(T) as the main body, and design DCL(T)-guided SLS solver, which is invoked at branches corresponding to skeleton solutions and returns useful information to improve the branching heuristics of CDCL(T). We implement our ideas on top of the CDCL(T) tactic of Z3 with an SLS solver called Localsmt, resulting in a hybrid solver dubbed Hv-BRIDSMT. Extensive experiments are carried out on the standard SMT(NIA) benchmarks from SMT-LIB, where most of the instances are from real-world software engineering applications of termination and non-termination analysis. Experiment results show that Hybridsmt significantly improves the CDCL(T) solver in Z3. Moreover, our solver can solve 10.36% more instances than the currently best SMT(NIA) solver, and is more efficient for software verification instances. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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PredRacer: Predictively Detecting Data Races in Android Applications 31

PredRacer: Predictively Detecting Data Races in Android Appl...

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31st IEEE International Conference on software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering, SANER 2024

作者： Guo, Xin Qi, Xiaofang Li, Yanhui Wu, Chao School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University China Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330663

Android platform offers a hybrid concurrency model encompassing multi-threading and asynchronous messaging for concurrent programming. The model is powerful but complex, making it difficult for developers to analyze concurrent behaviors. Data race, a prevalent concurrency defect in real-world Android applications, often results in abnormal executions of mobile applications, even crashes. Despite quite a few studies on detecting data races, it still suffers from high false positives with static analysis techniques and high false negatives with dynamic analysis techniques. To address this issue, this paper presents a predictive approach, PredRacer, for detecting data races in Android applications. It first captures an execution trace of an Android application, and then reorders the events within the trace based on partial orders. Finally, it checks the feasibility of the generated event sequence, which contains a potential data race. PredRacer increases the search scope and reduces false negatives while mitigating false positives by incorporating the happen-before relations specific to the Android concurrency model. The effectiveness of PredRacer is evaluated using the BenchERoid data set. Experimental results demonstrate that PredRacer achieves high precision, recall, and F1 score, outperforming the state-of-the-art techniques. A collection of 20 open-source Android applications is further utilized to assess the effectiveness of PredRacer, and an evaluation of 300 wild apps is conducted to assess its efficiency and scalability. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Static analysis

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User story clustering in agile development:a framework and an empirical study

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Frontiers of computer Science 2023年第6期17卷 43-59页

作者： Bo YANG Xiuyin MA Chunhui WANG Haoran GUO Huai LIU Zhi JIN School of Information Science and Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Forestry Oriented Intelligent Information Processing National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing 100083China School of Information Science and Technology North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China College of Computer Science and Technology Inner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010020China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn VIC 3122Australia Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100871China Institute of Software School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Agile development aims at rapidly developing software while embracing the continuous evolution of user requirements along the whole development *** stories are the primary means of requirements collection and elicitation in the agile development.A project can involve a large amount of user stories,which should be clustered into different groups based on their functionality’s similarity for systematic requirements analysis,effective mapping to developed features,and efficient ***,the current user story clustering is mainly conducted in a manual manner,which is time-consuming and subjective to human *** this paper,we propose a novel approach for clustering the user stories automatically on the basis of natural language ***,the sentence patterns of each component in a user story are first analysed and determined such that the critical structure in the representative tasks can be automatically extracted based on the user story *** similarity of user stories is calculated,which can be used to generate the connected graph as the basis of automatic user story *** evaluate the approach based on thirteen datasets,compared against ten baseline *** results show that our clustering approach has higher accuracy,recall rate and F1-score than these *** is demonstrated that the proposed approach can significantly improve the efficacy of user story clustering and thus enhance the overall performance of agile *** study also highlights promising research directions for more accurate requirements elicitation.

关键词： user story agile development user story mapping clustering

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Improved Cross-Corpus Speech Emotion Recognition Using Deep Local Domain Adaptation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第3期32卷 640-646页

作者： ZHAO Huijuan YE Ning WANG Ruchuan College of Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications College of Computer and Software Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Network

Due to the scarcity of high-quality labeled speech emotion data, it is natural to apply transfer learning to emotion recognition. However, transfer learning-based speech emotion recognition becomes more challenging because of the complexity and ambiguity of emotion. Domain adaptation based on maximum mean discrepancy considers marginal alignment of source domain and target domain, but not pay regard to class prior distribution in both domains, which results in the reduction of transfer efficiency. In order to address the problem, this study proposes a novel cross-corpus speech emotion recognition framework based on local domain adaption. A category-grained discrepancy is used to evaluate the distance between two relevant domains. According to research findings, the generalization ability of the model is enhanced by using the local adaptive *** with global adaptive and non-adaptive methods, the effectiveness of cross-corpus speech emotion recognition is significantly improved.

关键词： Emotion recognition Adaptation models Transfer learning Speech recognition Complexity theory

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A blockchain-based framework for data quality in edge-computing-enabled crowdsensing

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Frontiers of computer Science 2023年第4期17卷 127-139页

作者： Jian AN Siyuan WU Xiaolin GUI Xin HE Xuejun ZHANG School of Computer Science and Technology Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Computer NetworkXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Software Henan UniversityKaifeng 475001China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

With the rapid development of mobile technology and smart devices,crowdsensing has shown its large potential to collect massive *** the limitation of calculation power,edge computing is introduced to release unnecessary data *** edge-computing-enabled crowdsensing,massive data is required to be preliminary processed by edge computing devices(ECDs).Compared with the traditional central platform,these ECDs are limited by their own capability so they may only obtain part of relative factors and they can’t process data *** involved in one task are required to cooperate to process the task *** privacy of participants is important in crowdsensing,so blockchain is used due to its decentralization and *** crowdsensing tasks,it is usually difficult to obtain the assessment criteria in advance so reinforcement learning is *** mentioned before,ECDs can’t process task data comprehensively and they are required to cooperate quality ***,a blockchain-based framework for data quality in edge-computing-enabled crowdsensing(BFEC)is proposed in this ***(Delegated Proof of Reputation),which is proposed in our previous work,is improved to be suitable in ***,the final result is calculated without revealing the privacy of *** on the open datasets Adult,Blog,and Wine Quality show that our new framework outperforms existing methods in executing sensing tasks.

关键词： crowdsensing edge computing devices blockchain quality assessment reinforcement learning

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Real-Time DAG Task Allocation Strategy for Multiprocessor by Optimistic Parallelism 24

Real-Time DAG Task Allocation Strategy for Multiprocessor by...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Communication technology, ICCT 2024

作者： Chen, Yumeng Liu, Songlin Zhou, Jianhong Ling, Xiang University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications China Xihua University School of Computer and Software Engineering China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363760

In modern real-time operating systems, complex task loads are often modeled as directed acyclic graphs (DAG) and executed in parallel on multiprocessor systems. The topological constraints present in DAG tasks prevent the DAG task allocation strategy from fully leveraging the parallel advantage of multiprocessor platforms. We analyze the parallelism of DAG tasks and propose a method to limit the number of processors that can be executed by DAG tasks. This method provides more idle processors and processor time for high parallelism DAG tasks by limiting the number of processors that can be executed by low parallelism DAG tasks. In addition, we develope optimistic parallelism scheduling algorithm (OPSA) based on the remaining utilization with low complexity. The experimental results show that our DAG task allocation strategy fully utilizes processor resources, reduces interference between DAG tasks, and achieves better worst case response time (WCRT) analysis results and shorter actual task's WCRT on real-time multiprocessor system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Directed graphs

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