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Mitigating Over-Saturated Fluorescence Images Through a Semi-Supervised Generative Adversarial Network

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Mitigating Over-Saturated Fluorescence Images Through a Semi...

IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Shunxing Bao Junlin Guo Ho Hin Lee Ruining Deng Can Cui Lucas W. Remedios Quan Liu Qi Yang Kaiwen Xu Xin Yu Jia Li Yike Li Joseph T. Roland Qi Liu Ken S. Lau Keith T. Wilson Lori A. Coburn Bennett A. Landman Yuankai Huo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nashville TN USA Department of Computer Science Nashville TN USA Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN USA Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System Nashville TN USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350313338

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313345

Multiplex immunofluorescence (MxIF) imaging is a critical tool in biomedical research, offering detailed insights into cell composition and spatial context. As an example, DAPI staining identifies cell nuclei, while CD20 staining helps segment cell membranes in MxIF. However, a persistent challenge in MxIF is saturation artifacts, which hinder single-cell level analysis in areas with over-saturated pixels. Traditional gamma correction methods for fixing saturation are limited, often incorrectly assuming uniform distribution of saturation, which is rarely the case in practice. This paper introduces a novel approach to correct saturation artifacts from a data-driven perspective. We introduce a two-stage, high-resolution hybrid generative adversarial network (HD-mixGAN), which merges unpaired (CycleGAN) and paired (pix2pixHD) network architectures. This approach is designed to capitalize on the available small-scale paired data and the more extensive unpaired data from costly MxIF data. Specifically, we generate pseudo-paired data from large-scale unpaired over-saturated datasets with a CycleGAN, and train a Pix2pixGAN using both small-scale real and large-scale synthetic data derived from multiple DAPI staining rounds in MxIF. This method was validated against various base-lines in a downstream nuclei detection task, improving the F1 score by 6% over the baseline. This is, to our knowledge, the first focused effort to address multi-round saturation in MxIF images, offering a specialized solution for enhancing cell analysis accuracy through improved image quality. The source code and implementation of the proposed method are available at https://***/MASILab/***.

关键词： Multiplexing Microprocessors Source coding computer architecture Network architecture Generative adversarial networks Immunofluorescence

FIRE: a dataset for feedback integration and refinement evaluation of multimodal models 24

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FIRE: a dataset for feedback integration and refinement eval...

Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing systems

作者： Pengxiang Li Zhi Gao Bofei Zhang Tao Yuan Yuwei Wu Mehrtash Harandi Yunde Jia Song-Chun Zhu Qing Li Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science & Technology Beijing Institute of Technology and State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence BIGAI State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence BIGAI and State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence Peking University State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence BIGAI Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science & Technology Beijing Institute of Technology and Guangdong Laboratory of Machine Perception and Intelligent Computing Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Department of Electrical and Computer System Engineering Monash University Guangdong Laboratory of Machine Perception and Intelligent Computing Shenzhen MSU-BIT University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science & Technology Beijing Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence BIGAI and State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence Peking University and Department of Automation Tsinghua University

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Vision language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive progress in diverse applications, becoming a prevalent research direction. In this paper, we build FIRE, a feedback-refinement dataset, consisting of 1.1M multi-turn conversations that are derived from 27 source datasets, empowering VLMs to spontaneously refine their responses based on user feedback across diverse tasks. To scale up the data collection, FIRE is collected in two components: FIRE-100K and FIRE-1M, where FIRE-100K is generated by GPT-4V, and FIRE-1M is freely generated via models trained on FIRE-100K. Then, we build FIRE-Bench, a benchmark to comprehensively evaluate the feedback-refining capability of VLMs, which contains 11K feedback-refinement conversations as the test data, two evaluation settings, and a model to provide feedback for VLMs. We develop the FIRE-LLaVA model by fine-tuning LLaVA on FIRE-100K and FIRE-1M, which shows remarkable feedback-refining capability on FIRE-Bench and outperforms untrained VLMs by 50%, making more efficient user-agent interactions and underscoring the significance of the FIRE dataset.

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Submodularity-based False Data Injection Attack Scheme in Multi-agent Dynamical systems

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Luo, Xiaoyu Zhao, Chengcheng Fang, Chongrong He, Jianping The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China The State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyberspace Research Zhejiang University China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria BC Canada

Consensus in multi-agent dynamical systems is prone to be sabotaged by the adversary, which has attracted much attention due to its key role in broad applications. In this paper, we study a new false data injection (FDI) attack design problem, where the adversary with limited capability aims to select a subset of agents and manipulate their local multi-dimensional states to maximize the consensus convergence error. We first formulate the FDI attack design problem as a combinatorial optimization problem and prove it is NP-hard. Then, based on the submodularity optimization theory, we show the convergence error is a submodular function of the set of the compromised agents, which satisfies the property of diminishing marginal returns. In other words, the benefit of adding an extra agent to the compromised set decreases as that set becomes larger. With this property, we exploit the greedy scheme to find the optimal compromised agent set that can produce the maximum convergence error when adding one extra agent to that set each time. Thus, the FDI attack set selection algorithms are developed to obtain the near-optimal subset of the compromised agents. Furthermore, we derive the analytical suboptimality bounds and the worst-case running time under the proposed algorithms. Extensive simulation results are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamical systems

Modeling and analysis of three properties of mobile interactive systems based on variable Petri nets

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Ru Ding, Zhijun Jiang, Changjun Zhou, MengChu The Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University The Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology 999078 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ07102 United States

Due to the mobility and frequent disconnections, the correctness of mobile interaction systems, such as mobile robot systems and mobile payment systems, are often difficult to analyze. This paper introduces three critical properties of systems, called system connectivity, interaction soundness and data validity, and presents a related modeling and analysis method, based on a kind of Petri nets called VPN. For a given system, a model including component nets and interaction structure nets is constructed by using VPNs. The component net describes the internal process of each component, while the interaction structure net reflects the dynamic interaction between components. Based on this model, three properties are defined and analyzed. The case study of a practical mobile payment system shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Petri nets

An Ensemble Detection Method for Shilling Attacks Based on Features of Automatic Extraction

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China Communications 2019年第8期16卷 130-146页

作者： Yaojun Hao Fuzhi Zhang Jinbo Chao School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China The Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology and System Integration of Hebei Province Qinhuangdao 066004China Department of Computer Science and Technology Xinzhou Teachers UniversityXinzhou 034000China

Faced with the evolving attacks in recommender systems, many detection features have been proposed by human engineering and used in supervised or unsupervised detection methods. However, the detection features extracted by human engineering are usually aimed at some specific types of attacks. To further detect other new types of attacks, the traditional methods have to re-extract detection features with high knowledge cost. To address these limitations, the method for automatic extraction of robust features is proposed and then an Adaboost-based detection method is presented. Firstly, to obtain robust representation with prior knowledge, unlike uniform corruption rate in traditional mLDA(marginalized Linear Denoising Autoencoder), different corruption rates for items are calculated according to the ratings’ distribution. Secondly, the ratings sparsity is used to weight the mapping matrix to extract low-dimensional representation. Moreover, the uniform corruption rate is also set to the next layer in mSLDA(marginalized Stacked Linear Denoising Autoencoder) to extract the stable and robust user features. Finally, under the robust feature space, an Adaboost-based detection method is proposed to alleviate the imbalanced classification problem. Experimental results on the Netflix and Amazon review datasets indicate that the proposed method can effectively detect various attacks.

关键词： shilling attack ensemble detection features of automatic extraction marginalized linear denoising autoencoder

Clinically Interpretable Machine Learning Models for Early Prediction of Mortality in Older Patients with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: An International Multicenter Retrospective Study

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Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 2023年第4期78卷 718-726页

作者： Liu, Xiaoli DuMontier, Clark Hu, Pan Liu, Chao Yeung, Wesley Mao, Zhi Ho, Vanda Thoral, Patrick J. Kuo, Po-Chih Hu, Jie Li, Deyu Cao, Desen Mark, Roger G. Zhou, FeiHu Zhang, Zhengbo Celi, Leo Anthony Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Laboratory for Computational Physiology Institute for Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine General Hospital of PLA Beijing China New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA United States Division of Aging Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Department of Anesthesiology 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLA Kunming Yunnan China Department of Critical Care Medicine First Medical Center General Hospital of PLA Beijing China Department of Medicine National University Hospital Singapore Division of Geriatric Medicine Department of Medicine National University Hospital Singapore Department of Intensive Care Medicine Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering General Hospital of PLA Beijing China Elderly Center General Hospital of PLA Beijing China Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA United States Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA United States

BACKGROUND: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is associated with a high risk of mortality among older patients. Current severity scores are limited in their ability to assist clinicians with triage and management decisions. We aim to develop mortality prediction models for older patients with MODS admitted to the ICU. METHODS: The study analyzed older patients from 197 hospitals in the United States and 1 hospital in the Netherlands. The cohort was divided into the young-old (65-80 years) and old-old (≥80 years), which were separately used to develop and evaluate models including internal, external, and temporal validation. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, vital signs, laboratory measurements, and treatments were used as predictors. We used the XGBoost algorithm to train models, and the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to interpret predictions. RESULTS: Thirty-four thousand four hundred and ninety-seven young-old (11.3% mortality) and 21 330 old-old (15.7% mortality) patients were analyzed. Discrimination AUROC of internal validation models in 9 046 U.S. patients was as follows: 0.87 and 0.82, respectively;discrimination of external validation models in 1 905 EUR patients was as follows: 0.86 and 0.85, respectively;and discrimination of temporal validation models in 8 690 U.S. patients: 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. These models outperformed standard clinical scores like Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Acute Physiology Score III. The Glasgow Coma Scale, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Code Status emerged as top predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Our models integrate data spanning physiologic and geriatric-relevant variables that outperform existing scores used in older adults with MODS, which represents a proof of concept of how machine learning can streamline data analysis for busy ICU clinicians to potentially optimize prognostication and decision making. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf

关键词： International multicenter Interpretable models Machine learning Mortality Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Improved Human Detection Algorithm by Indoor W-Band FMCW RADAR using K-means Technique

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Improved Human Detection Algorithm by Indoor W-Band FMCW RAD...

International Electrical engineering Congress (iEECON)

作者： Aman Worasutr Denchai Worasawate Tiwat Pongthavornkamol Kazuhiko Fukawa Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Location and Automatic Identification System Research Team National Electronic and Computer Technology Center Pathum Thani Thailand Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728195841;9781728195858

This paper proposes the improved indoor human detection algorithm from data provided by W-Band FMCW radar by using k-mean technique. The data provided by the radar contain both humans and nun-human objects. To identify non-human objects, the obtained data are filtered by the velocity and RCS of the detected objects. The K-means algorithm is applied to the filtered dataset to estimate the positions of humans. The estimated positions of humans are much closed to the actual ones.

关键词： Electrical engineering Radar cross-sections Radar detection Human factors Filtering algorithms Millimeter wave radar Real-time systems

Regenerative Particle Thompson Sampling

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhou, Zeyu Hajek, Bruce Choi, Nakjung Walid, Anwar Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic RochesterMN United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Network System and Security Research Nokia Bell Labs Murray HillNJ United States Amazon New York United States

This paper proposes regenerative particle Thompson sampling (RPTS), a flexible variation of Thompson sampling. Thompson sampling itself is a Bayesian heuristic for solving stochastic bandit problems, but it is hard to implement in practice due to the intractability of maintaining a continuous posterior distribution. Particle Thompson sampling (PTS) is an approximation of Thompson sampling obtained by simply replacing the continuous distribution by a discrete distribution supported at a set of weighted static particles. We observe that in PTS, the weights of all but a few fit particles converge to zero. RPTS is based on the heuristic: delete the decaying unfit particles and regenerate new particles in the vicinity of fit surviving particles. Empirical evidence shows uniform improvement from PTS to RPTS and flexibility and efficacy of RPTS across a set of representative bandit problems, including an application to 5G network slicing. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Stochastic systems

Stability and sensitivity analysis of multi-vendor, multi-terminal HVDC systems

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Liao, Yicheng Wu, Heng Wang, Xiongfei Ndreko, Mario Dimitrovski, Robert Winter, Wilhelm School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden AAU Energy Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Electrical System Design TenneT TSO GmbH Bayreuth Germany

The stability of multi-vendor, multi-terminal HVDC systems can be analyzed in frequency domain by black-box impedance models using the generalized Nyquist stability criterion. Based on the impedance stability analysis, a multi-level sensitivity analysis approach using frequency-domain sensitivity functions is proposed to identify the root cause of potential instability. Case studies on a four-terminal HVDC system are carried out for stability and sensitivity analysis based on the impedance measurement in PSCAD. The analysis results are finally validated by electromagnetic transient simulations. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis