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13th International Conference on Computing and Pattern Recognition, ICCPR 2024

作者： Liu, Haijing Seman, Noraini Department of Computer Engineering Taiyuan Institute of Technology Shanxi Taiyuan China College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics University Technology MARA Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717482

In the field of multilingual machine translation, many pretrained language models have achieved the inspiring results. However, the results based on pretrained models are not yet very satisfactory for low-resource languages. This paper investigates how to leverage code-switching data to fine-tune pretrained multilingual machine translation model, in order to boost the performance of few-shot low resource machine translation. By utilizing a multilingual mixed corpus, the code-switching method can enhance the cross-linguistic generalization ability of the model and improve its overall understanding of the language. In this paper, on the smaller size model of FLORES-101 benchmark, we use the code-switching data augmentation method to achieve the results of benchmark's larger model on six direction pairs of three languages, Chinese, English and Malay. This paper studied various corpus mixture mechanisms to construct the data in code-switching, and the experimental findings show that the results using the code-switching fine-tuning model improve the spBLEU score by an average of 2 to 3 points over the results without code-switching. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Machine translation

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Intelligent Cyber Defense: Leveraging LLMs for Real-Time Threat Detection and Analysis 21st

Intelligent Cyber Defense: Leveraging LLMs for Real-Time Th...

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21st European, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern Conference on Information Systems, EMCIS 2024

作者： Kakoulli, Elena Zacharioudakis, Eleftherios Evripidou, Salomi Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Neapolis University Pafos Pafos Cyprus Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9783031813214

This paper reviews the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in addressing the growing sophistication of cybersecurity threats. By evaluating numerous studies, we delineate the role of LLMs in improving the detection, analysis, and response to cyber threats in real-time. Our findings demonstrate that LLMs significantly enhance the efficiency and accuracy of cybersecurity measures compared to traditional models. However, their deployment in cybersecurity frameworks involves critical considerations around ethics, privacy, and security. This review provides a succinct overview of LLMs’ current capabilities and practical implementations within the cybersecurity landscape, identifies research gaps, and suggests future research directions. The insights presented here highlight the vital contribution of LLMs to the advancement of cybersecurity solutions and adapting to evolving threat environments. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Empirical Study on Data Attributes Insufficiency of Evaluation Benchmarks for LLMs 31

Empirical Study on Data Attributes Insufficiency of Evaluati...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Liu, Chuang Jin, Renren Yao, Zheng Li, Tianyi Cheng, Liang Steedman, Mark Xiong, Deyi College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Queensland Australia School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Previous benchmarks for evaluating large language models (LLMs) have primarily emphasized quantitative metrics, such as data volume. However, this focus may neglect key qualitative data attributes that can significantly impact the final rankings of LLMs, resulting in unreliable leaderboards. In this paper, we investigate whether current LLM benchmarks adequately consider these data attributes. We specifically examine three attributes: diversity, redundancy, and difficulty. To explore these attributes, we propose a framework with three separate modules, each designed to assess one of the attributes. Using a method that progressively incorporates these attributes, we analyze their influence on the benchmark. Our experimental results reveal a meaningful correlation between LLM rankings on the revised benchmark and the original benchmark when these attributes are accounted for. These findings indicate that existing benchmarks often fail to meet all three criteria, highlighting a lack of consideration for multifaceted data attributes in current evaluation datasets. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Bidirectional LSTM-Based Energy Consumption Forecasting:Advancing AI-Driven Cloud Integration for Cognitive City Energy Management

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2907-2926页

作者： Sheik Mohideen Shah Meganathan Selvamani Mahesh Thyluru Ramakrishna Surbhi Bhatia Khan Shakila Basheer Wajdan Al Malwi Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Srinivasa Ramanujan CentreSASTRA Deemed UniversityKumbakonam612001India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-to-be University)Bangalore562112India School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and TechnologyChitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia Department of Information Systems College ofComputer and Information SciencePrincessNourah bintAbdulrahmanUniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science Informatics and Computer Systems Department King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia

Efficient energy management is a cornerstone of advancing cognitive cities,where AI,IoT,and cloud computing seamlessly integrate to meet escalating global energy *** this context,the ability to forecast electricity consumption with precision is vital,particularly in residential settings where usage patterns are highly variable and *** study presents an innovative approach to energy consumption forecasting using a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)*** a dataset containing over twomillionmultivariate,time-series observations collected froma single household over nearly four years,ourmodel addresses the limitations of traditional time-series forecasting methods,which often struggle with temporal dependencies and non-linear *** bidirectional LSTM architecture processes data in both forward and backward directions,capturing past and future contexts at each time step,whereas existing unidirectional LSTMs consider only a single temporal *** design,combined with dropout regularization,leads to a 20.6%reduction in RMSE and an 18.8%improvement in MAE over conventional unidirectional LSTMs,demonstrating a substantial enhancement in prediction accuracy and *** to existing models—including SVM,Random Forest,MLP,ANN,and CNN—the proposed model achieves the lowest MAE of 0.0831 and RMSE of 0.2213 during testing,significantly outperforming these *** results highlight the model’s superior ability to navigate the complexities of energy usage patterns,reinforcing its potential application in AI-driven IoT and cloud-enabled energy management systems for cognitive *** integrating advanced machine learning techniqueswith IoT and cloud infrastructure,this research contributes to the development of intelligent,sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Deep learning bidirectional LSTM energy consumption forecasting time-series analysis predictive modeling machine learning in energy management

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Triangle Counting in Large Historical Graphs 25

Triangle Counting in Large Historical Graphs

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Proceedings of the 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing

作者： Konstantinos Christopoulos Evaggelos Daskalakis Agorakis Bompotas Konstantinos Tsichlas Computer engineering and informatics University of Patras RION Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706295

Counting local topological structures, such as triangles, is crucial to analyse large-scale networks and to understand the evolution of graphs. Triangles are fundamental for computing transitivity and for applications such as community detection and link prediction. Despite the importance of triangle counting, traditional algorithms struggle with scalability in networks with millions or billions of vertices, prompting the development of approximation methods and distributed *** this paper, we present a distributed algorithm that can handle historical graphs in order to count triangles communities in a query time interval. We introduce a pioneering approach to triangle counting in historical graphs, a novel concept that incorporates temporal dimensions into traditional graph models. Our method, which has not been previously explored, uniquely counts triangles within user-defined time intervals, offering new insights into the evolution of network interactions. Experiments with real-world historical datasets validate the effectiveness of our approach in capturing temporal patterns, marking a significant advancement in the field, and setting the stage for future research.

关键词： triangle counting

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A Comparative Study of Physics-Informed and Conventional Neural Networks for Predicting On-Screen Gaze Points from Eye-Tracking Data

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Roumpas, Konstantinos Michanetzi, Eleftheria-Lito Minas, Dimosthenis Fotopoulos, Angelos Xenos, Michalis Computer Engineering and Informatics Department University of Patras Greece

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) take advantage of physical constraints to improve the predictive performance of neural networks. They have demonstrated remarkable success in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, sparking interest in their potential applications in other fields, such as Human-computer Interaction (HCI). Despite their versatility, PINNs are underutilized in certain disciplines due to the challenge of defining Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) that adequately constrain specific problems. This study investigates the application of PINNs to predict fixations captured by an eye-tracking device, employing equations that model head and eye movements. The data for this study were collected during an experiment involving an adaptive user interface for pilots, encompassing a variety of fixation points and rapid glances. The results establish PINNs as a superior method, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.61 for horizontal predictions (X) and 0.35 for vertical predictions (Y), significantly outperforming the conventional neural network (NN). Additionally, the PINN demonstrated stronger predictive accuracy for vertical gaze dynamics, as evidenced by an [[EQUATION]] of 0.91 compared to 0.85 for the NN. These findings underscore the robustness of the PINN approach in modeling gaze points with enhanced precision and reliability. While conventional neural networks perform adequately, the added benefit of physical constraints in PINNs encourages further exploration of their application in non-natural science domains. These promising results point toward the potential of PINNs in creating more adaptive and context-aware systems for various HCI applications. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurons

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Silent Speech Interfaces: Non-Invasive Neuromuscular Signal Processing for Assistive Communication 4

Silent Speech Interfaces: Non-Invasive Neuromuscular Signal ...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity, ICAIC 2025

作者： Khan, Sallar Ali, Khawaja Usman Qadri, Ali Raza Ali Rizvi, Maisam Technological University Dublin School of Informatics and Cybersecurity Dublin Ireland Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science & Information Technology Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518882

Our research demonstrates a discrete speech system that empowers those afflicted with speech impairments to convey ideas by internally articulating words without producing audible sound. This method harnesses the minimal movements involved in articulation, making it less arduous than conventional vocalization, especially for individuals facing communication challenges. Silent Speech Interfaces (SSIs) form the foundation of our research, enabling the decoding of neuromuscular signals associated with internal speech articulation to facilitate non-invasive and effective communication for individuals with speech impairments. This research entails the utilization of a multi-electrode configuration to capture subtle, low-voltage electrical signals positioned on the surface area of the subject's neck. These signals emerge as a consequence of neural activation within the speech articulator muscles, signifying the internal articulation of words within the oral cavity, accompanied by minimal physical movement. Subsequent to signal acquisition, a comprehensive analysis of the data is conducted using a biosensing board (Cyton), facilitated by the implementation of the OpenBCI GUI interface and visualization via Python plotting tools. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Digital signal processing

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XMeta-OS: A Conceptual Framework for Unified Resource Management in Distributed Edge-Cloud Environments 3rd

XMeta-OS: A Conceptual Framework for Unified Resource Manag...

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3rd International Conference on Advances in Computing Research, ACR 2025

作者： Zacharioudakis, Eleftherios Kakoulli, Elena Evripidou, Salomi Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Neapolis University Pafos Pafos Cyprus National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Kyiv Ukraine Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9783031876462

This paper introduces XMeta-OS, a meta-operating system specially designed with Linux as its foundation to unify and optimize resource management for the distributed edge-cloud when dynamic use of GPU resources is possible. This approach offer a new GPU abstraction layer and dynamic edge-cloud allocation model that offer enhanced flexibility and resource utilization over existing systems like Kubernetes and OpenStack. By using likely sensitive data, the model applied cloud-pushed deployment model. XMeta-OS manages computer resources in real-time. Therefore, fulfilling high performance various needs. It allocates CPU and GPU in real-time to workloads requiring massive parallel processing, such as machine learning, scientific simulations, real-time data analytics, and transportation tasks. Fabrication in the laboratory of an edge-cloud environment can help to assess the scalability, fault tolerance and efficiency of the system. It showcases the overall architectural design of XMeta-OS. Changes to the kernel and security solutions for safe and effective distribution are suggested. This article presents the design of the XMeta-OS. The future of XMeta-OS entails usage and testing with which we see latency, energy, computation and other such measurements in labs. XMeta-OS is a solution to cost performance, emerging application, large-scale edge-cloud deployments, and distributed GPU-enabled infrastructures. Meta-Operating System in Edge-Cloud Continuum for dynamic resource management of GPU. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Cluster computing

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Fine-Tuned Attribute Weighted Naïve Bayes with Modified Partial Instances Reduction for Gaming Disorder Classification

HighTech and Innovation Journal

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HighTech and Innovation Journal 2025年第1期6卷 67-80页

作者： Latubessy, Anastasya Wardoyo, Retantyo Musdholifah, Aina Kusrohmaniah, Sri Doctoral Program Department of Computer Science and Electronics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Department of Informatics Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muria Kudus Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Electronics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Department of Psychology Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia

Fine Tuning Attribute Weighted Naïve Bayes (FTAWNB) is a reliable modified Naïve Bayes model. Even though it is able to provide high accuracy on ordinal data, this model is sensitive to outliers. To improve the performance of FTAWNB, this research modified the Partial Instances Reduction (PIR) technique to make the FTAWNB more adaptive to outliers. Nevertheless, in contrast to the original PIR technique, which substitutes missing values for data values deemed outliers, the PIR technique suggested in this study replaces data values deemed outliers using a Naïve Bayes weighting approach. The attribute values from the outlier data are replaced with the highest probability values for the attributes in the actual class. This PIR technique is referred to as modified PIR. The FTAWNB model with modified PIR has been evaluated using the Gaming Disorder dataset. Replacing the four attributes with the least amount of information resulted in accuracy gains of 99.74%, an increase of 1.53% over the FTAWNB model. The experimental result shows that adding the modified PIR technique to the FTAWNB model can handle the outlier in the data, proving it by increasing the performance in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall without pruning the dataset used. © 2025, Ital Publication. All rights reserved.

关键词： Attribute Weighted Classification Fine-Tune Gaming Disorder Instances Reduction Naïve Bayes

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Fingerprint Matching for Noisy and Distorted Patterns using a Siamese Network with ResNet50 and Multihead Attention

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 88047-88064页

作者： Sawhney, Tinny Sharma, Ashu Abrol, Pawanesh Lehana, Parveen Kumar Chaahat Yadav, Vaishali Scherer, Rafal Kulakov, Oleksii AlZubi, Ahmad Ali University of Jammu DSP Lab Department of Electronics India University of Jammu Department of Computer Science and IT India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Punjab India Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur India Czestochowa University of Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence Częstochowa Poland National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Faculty of Informatics and Software Engineering Kyiv Ukraine King Saud University Community College Department of Computer Science Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Dermatoglyphics, the study of unique ridge patterns on fingertips, plays a crucial role in fingerprint-based identification. However, skin conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, and verruca vulgaris can distort these patterns. This distortion creates challenges for fingerprint matching systems in forensic science and biometric authentication. This paper proposes a Siamese network with a modified ResNet50 architecture and multihead attention mechanisms to improve fingerprint matching under such distortions. The Siamese network enables the system to compare fingerprint pairs effectively, even under distortions. The modified ResNet50 architecture captures intricate ridge patterns, while the multihead attention mechanisms focus on critical fingerprint regions. Overall, the proposed approach enhances the system’s ability to learn discriminative features. As a result, it can effectively differentiate between matched and unmatched fingerprint pairs, even in the presence of moderate to extreme noise. The proposed system was trained on the Sokoto coventry fingerprint dataset (SOCOFing) and a custom dataset. Experimental results demonstrate high accuracy, with the system achieving 99.47% accuracy under low noise conditions and 90% under moderate noise. However, performance declined to 55.56% under extreme distortions. A comparative analysis highlighted the superiority of the proposed system over widely used minutiae-based methods. The latter exhibited a significant drop in matching scores, falling below 15% for highly distorted fingerprints. These findings underscore the limitations of traditional fingerprint recognition techniques and highlight the effectiveness of proposed approach in handling dermatoglyphic distortions. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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