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Lithium-Ion Batteries: Operando Magnetometry Probing the Charge Storage Mechanism of CoO Lithium-Ion Batteries (Adv. Mater. 12/2021)

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Advanced Materials 2021年第12期33卷

作者： Hongsen Li Zhengqiang Hu Qingtao Xia Hao Zhang Zhaohui Li Huaizhi Wang Xiangkun Li Fengkai Zuo Fengling Zhang Xiaoxiong Wang Wanneng Ye Qinghao Li Yunze Long Qiang Li Shishen Yan Xiaosong Liu Xiaogang Zhang Guihua Yu Guo-Xing Miao College of Physics Center for Marine Observation and Communications Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT) Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China College of Material Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

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A Feasibility Study of Watchdogs on Opportunistic Mobile Networks

A Feasibility Study of Watchdogs on Opportunistic Mobile Net...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Diogo Soares Bruno Matthaus Edjair S. Mota Celso B. Carvalho Institute of Computing Federal University of Amazonas Manaus AM-Brasil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering (PPGEE) Federal University of Amazonas Manaus AM-Brasil

Detection of selfish behavior is crucial to the proper functioning of opportunistic mobile networks operations. Previous works focused on developing reputation systems or trust models. However, these approaches assume the existence of an efficient model for detecting selfish nodes, such as watchdogs. Moreover, other studies do not present an experimental analysis of the efficiency of the watchdog implementation. This article discusses the design, implementation, and validation of a watchdog, in order to verify the effectiveness of the detection process and to understand the effects of this mechanism for increasing density of messages in the network. We tested the proposed watchdog with two different mobility traces, with a low and a high contact density. The analysis of true positives present a very promising result for watchdog evaluation on real opportunistic mobile networks. However, our results showed that the implementation of watchdog may present some issues related to how false positives were detected during the monitoring and in case that the number of contacts increases. To handle this, we propose an acknowledgement mechanism to increase the reliability of false positive detections and the results improved above 68% in both traces. Our results also present a brief study of congestion control and, even with a congestion control of six hours, the results remain virtually unchanged, so that staying with forwarding information for a long time does not affect reliability. The improvement in the number of messages relayed was above 35% for both traces.

关键词： Relays Monitoring TCPIP Delays Computers Reliability Electronic mail

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Self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for DNA Codeword Design

Self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for DNA Codeword Design

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Jeisson Prieto Elizabeth León Max H. Garzon Computing Systems and Industrial Engineering Department Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia Department of Computer Science and the Bioinformatics Program University of Memphis Memphis USA

DNA has emerged as a new computational resource for data encoding and processing. The fundamental problem of DNA Codeword Design (CWD) calls for finding effective ways to encode and process data in DNA. The problem has shown to be of interest in other areas as well, including computational memories, self-assembly and phylogenetic analysis, among others. In prior work, a framework to analyze this problem has been developed and simple versions of CWD have been shown to be NP-complete using any single reasonable metric that approximates the Gibbs energy, thus practically making it very difficult to find a general procedure for finding optimal efficient encodings. We present a Self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for CWD (SaEA-CWD) as an extension of the Hybrid Adaptive Evolutionary algorithm (HAEA). SaEA-CWD is a parameter adaptation technique that automatically adapts the rates of its genetic operator applications to exploit structural properties of the search space to improve the speed and quality of the solutions. An implementation and preliminary results are evaluated in spaces where searches are already prohibitive to ordinary methods (such as 8- and 10-mers) due to the combinatorial explosion of the solution DNA space. Applications to other problems are suggested, such as a general technique for dimensionality reduction based on SaEA-CWD.

关键词： DNA Evolutionary computation Encoding Extraterrestrial measurements Self-assembly

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Sketching a Generative Model of Intention Management for Characters In Stories: Adding Intention Management to a Belief-Driven Story Planning Algorithm 13

Sketching a Generative Model of Intention Management for Cha...

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13th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, AIIDE 2017

作者： Michael Young, R. School of Computing The Entertainment Arts and Engineering Program University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577357926

Previous work on story planning has shown success in the generation of plans that are both intention-coherent and demonstrate aspects of inter-character conflict. However, the initial models of intention and conflict have been limited, in that they lack methods to generate story plots where characters drop sub-plans to achieve their goals in believably consistent and expressive ways and adopt new sub-plans in the face of plan failure. In current work, we have developed models of failed actions in stories that go hand in hand with erroneous belief models for character. Motivated by characterizations of rational agents' intentions as choice combined with commitment, we provide a framing of the plan generation process that is intended to show how characters form their own plans to achieve their own goals, act upon those plans until they feel that conditions no longer support their plans, and then re-plan in the face of adversity to achieve their goals. We show an example story plan that contains several types of character-based intention dynamics targeted by our approach. Copyright © 2017, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Self-Awareness for Autonomous Systems

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 2020年第7期108卷 971-975页

作者： Dutt, Nikil Regazzoni, Carlo S. Rinner, Bernhard Yao, Xin Nikil Dutt (Fellow IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Champaign IL USA in 1989.""He is currently a Distinguished Professor of computer science (CS) cognitive sciences and electrical engineering and computer sciences (EECS) with the University of California at Irvine Irvine CA USA. He is a coauthor of seven books. His research interests include embedded systems electronic design automation (EDA) computer architecture distributed systems healthcare Internet of Things (IoT) and brain-inspired architectures and computing.""Dr. Dutt is a Fellow of ACM. He was a recipient of the IFIP Silver Core Award. He has received numerous best paper awards. He serves as the Steering Committee Chair of the IEEE/ACM Embedded Systems Week (ESWEEK). He is also on the steering organizing and program committees of several premier EDA and embedded system design conferences and workshops. He has served on the Editorial Boards for the IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems and the ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems and also previously served as the Editor-in-Chief (EiC) for the ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems. He served on the Advisory Boards of the IEEE Embedded Systems Letters the ACM Special Interest Group on Embedded Systems the ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automationt and the ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems. Carlo S. Regazzoni (Senior Member IEEE) received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic and telecommunications engineering from the University of Genoa Genoa Italy in 1987 and 1992 respectively.""He is currently a Full Professor of cognitive telecommunications systems with the Department of Electrical Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture (DITEN) University of Genoa and a Co-Ordinator of the Joint Doctorate on Interactive and Cognitive Environments (JDICE) international Ph.D. course started initially as EU Erasmus Mundus Project and

Autonomous systems are able to make decisions and potentially take actions without direct human intervention, which requires some knowledge about the system and its environment as well as goal-oriented reasoning. In computer systems, one can derive such behavior from the concept of a rational agent with autonomy (“control over its own actions”), reactivity (“react to events from the environment”), proactivity (“act on its own initiative”), and sociality (“interact with other agents”) as fundamental properties \n[1]\n. Autonomous systems will undoubtedly pervade into our everyday lives, and we will find them in a variety of domains and applications including robotics, transportation, health care, communications, and entertainment to name a few. \nThe articles in this month’s special issue cover concepts and fundamentals, architectures and techniques, and applications and case studies in the exciting area of self-awareness in autonomous systems.

关键词： Special issues and sections Autonomous systems Self-aware Robot sensing systems Computational modeling

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An Adjustable Face Recognition System for Illumination Compensation Based on Differential Evolution 44th

An Adjustable Face Recognition System for Illumination Compe...

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Conferencia Latinoamericana En Informatica (CLEI)

作者： Guilherme Felippe Plichoski Chidambaram Chidambaram Rafael Stubs Parpinelli Graduate Program in Applied Computing State University of Santa Catarina Joinville Santa Catarina Brazil Department of Production Engineering State University of Santa Catarina Joinville Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781728104386

It is well known that face recognition (FR) systems cannot perform well under uncontrolled conditions, but there are no general and robust approaches with total immunity to all conditions. Hence, we present an adjustable FR framework with the aid of the Differential Evolution (DE) optimization algorithm. This approach implements several preprocessing and feature extraction techniques aiming to compensate the illumination variation. The main feature of the present work stands on the use of the DE which is responsible for choosing which strategies to use, as well as tunning the parameters involved. In this case study, we aim to address the illumination compensation problem applying on the well known Yale Extended B face dataset. According to the proposed FR framework, the DE can choose any combination of the following techniques and tune its necessary parameters achieving optimized values: the Gamma Intensity Correction (GIC), the Wavelet-based Illumination Normalization (WBIN), the Gaussian Blur, the Laplacian Edge Detection, the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and the Local Binary Patterns (LBP). Our experimental analysis confirms that the proposed approach is suitable for FR using images under varying conditions. It is proved by the average recognition rate of 99.95% obtained using four different datasets.

关键词： Lighting Feature extraction Discrete wavelet transforms Discrete cosine transforms Optimization Image edge detection

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SAMENESS ENTICES, BUT NOVELTY ENCHANTS IN FANFICTION ONLINE

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Jing, Elise DeDeo, Simon Wright, Devin Robert Ahn, Yong-Yeol Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University Bloomington United States Social and Decision Sciences Dietrich College Carnegie Mellon University United States Sirius XM United States Cognitive Science Program Indiana University Bloomington United States Indiana University Network Science Institute Indiana University Bloomington United States

Cultural evolution is driven by how we choose what to consume and share with others. A common belief is that the cultural artifacts that succeed are ones that balance novelty and conventionality. This balance theory suggests that people prefer works that are familiar, but not so familiar as to be boring;novel, but not so novel as to violate the expectations of their genre. We test this idea using a large dataset of fanfiction. We apply a multiple regression model and a generalized additive model to examine how the recognition a work receives varies with its novelty, estimated through a Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model, in the context of existing works. We find the opposite pattern of what the balance theory predicts—overall success decline almost monotonically with novelty and exhibits a U-shaped, instead of an inverse U-shaped, curve. This puzzle is resolved by teasing out two competing forces: sameness attracts the mass whereas novelty provides enjoyment. Taken together, even though the balance theory holds in terms of expressed enjoyment, the overall success can show the opposite pattern due to the dominant role of sameness to attract the audience. Under these two "forces", cultural evolution may have to work against inertia—the appetite for consuming the familiar—and may resemble a punctuated equilibrium, marked by occasional leaps. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large dataset

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Experimental and numerical evaluations of the viscoelastic mechanical behavior of arterial tissue

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Leng, Xiaochang Deng, Xiaomin Ravindran, Suraj Kidane, Addis Lessner, Susan M. Sutton, Michael A. Shazly, Tarek School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Nanchang University Jiangxi330031 China College of Engineering and Computing Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States School of Medicine Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States College of Engineering and Computing Biomedical Engineering Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States

The viscoelastic properties of arterial tissue dictate vessel behavior in certain disease states, injury modalities, and during some endovascular procedures. In this study, we characterized the viscoelastic mechanical response of porcine abdominal aortic tissue via uniaxial mechanical experiments on vascular tissue samples coupled with full-field surface strain measurements using the 2-D digital image correlation (DIC) technique. The measured stress relaxation response and intimal surface strain field were used to identify material parameters for a proposed viscoelastic anisotropic (VA) constitutive model of the passive arterial wall. The obtained results show that the VA constitutive model is able to capture the viscoelastic mechanical behavior of the arterial tissue over clinically-relevant time scales. The identified material model and numerical simulations provide a comprehensive description of the passive viscoelastic tissue properties of the arterial wall, and a quantitative understanding of the spatial and directional variability underlying arterial tissue mechanical behavior. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finite element method

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Combined effects of hydrometeorological hazards and urbanisation on dengue risk in Brazil: a spatiotemporal modelling study

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The Lancet Planetary Health 2021年第4期5卷 e209-e219页

作者： Lowe, Rachel Lee, Sophie A Brady, Oliver J Bastos, Leonardo Carrasco-Escobar, Gabriel de Castro Catão, Rafael Colón-González, Felipe J Barcellos, Christovam Carvalho, Marilia Sá Blangiardo, Marta Rue, Håvard Gasparrini, Antonio Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Public Health Environments and Society London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Centre for Statistical Modelling London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Scientific Computing Program Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro Brazil Health Information and Communication Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro Brazil Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego San Diego CA United States Health Innovation Laboratory Institute of Tropical Medicine Alexander von Humboldt Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Department of Geography Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória Brazil MRC Centre for Environment and Health Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Imperial College London London United Kingdom Statistics Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Background: Temperature and rainfall patterns are known to influence seasonal patterns of dengue transmission. However, the effect of severe drought and extremely wet conditions on the timing and intensity of dengue epidemics is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to quantify the non-linear and delayed effects of extreme hydrometeorological hazards on dengue risk by level of urbanisation in Brazil using a spatiotemporal model. Methods: We combined distributed lag non-linear models with a spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model framework to determine the exposure-lag-response association between the relative risk (RR) of dengue and a drought severity index. We fit the model to monthly dengue case data for the 558 microregions of Brazil between January, 2001, and January, 2019, accounting for unobserved confounding factors, spatial autocorrelation, seasonality, and interannual variability. We assessed the variation in RR by level of urbanisation through an interaction between the drought severity index and urbanisation. We also assessed the effect of hydrometeorological hazards on dengue risk in areas with a high frequency of water supply shortages. Findings: The dataset included 12 895 293 dengue cases reported between 2001 and 2019 in Brazil. Overall, the risk of dengue increased between 0–3 months after extremely wet conditions (maximum RR at 1 month lag 1·56 [95% CI 1·41–1·73]) and 3–5 months after drought conditions (maximum RR at 4 months lag 1·43 [1·22–1·67]). Including a linear interaction between the drought severity index and level of urbanisation improved the model fit and showed the risk of dengue was higher in more rural areas than highly urbanised areas during extremely wet conditions (maximum RR 1·77 [1·32–2·37] at 0 months lag vs maximum RR 1·58 [1·39–1·81] at 2 months lag), but higher in highly urbanised areas than rural areas after extreme drought (maximum RR 1·60 [1·33–1·92] vs 1·15 [1·08–1·22], both at 4 months lag). We also found the den

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Micromechanical experimental and numerical studies of collagen fibers failure in arterial tissue

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Leng, Xiaochang Yang, Yingchao Deng, Xiaomin Lessner, Susan M. Sutton, Michael A. Shazly, Tarek College of Engineering and Computing Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States College of Engineering and Computing Biomedical Engineering Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Maine University OronoME04469 United States School of medicine Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States

Arterial tissue failures lead to a number of clinical conditions that develop rapidly and unpredictably in vivo. Structural components and their interfacial mechanical strength of arterial tissue play a critical role in the process of arterail delamination. Therefore, there is a pressing need to understand the micromechanical mechanisms of arterial delamination. The objective of this study was to investigate various failure mechanisms (e.g. failure of collagen fibers) responsible for arterial interfacial delamination. In-situ tensile tests of fibers were performed on a micro-tester in the scanning electron microscope. A 3D unit cell model containing an individual fiber bridging two arterial tissue layers was constructed. An exponential cohesive zone model (CZM) was used to assess the stiffening and softening mechanical behaviors of collagen fiber bundles between the two arterial layers. An anisotropic constitutive model was implemented for characterizing the mechanical properties of the amorphous matrix which includes the fibrous cap and the underlying plaque tissue and a nonlinear elastic model was adopted for characterizing the mechanical properties of the fibers. The CZM and elastic parameter values of fibers were identified through an inverse boundary value approach that matches the load-displacement curves from simulation predictions of tensile test of collagen fibers with experimental measurements. The identified parameter values were then used as input in the 3D unit cell model, through which micromechanical factors affecting the resultant traction-separation relation for the unit cell were investigated via a parametric analysis. Results of the parametric analysis showed the applicability of the 3D unit cell model approach for evaluating the micromechanical mechanisms of arterial tissue failure processes. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fibers

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