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Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Engineering (AIKE)

作者： Joshua Ho Chien-Min Wang Chung-Ta King Yi-Hsin You Chi-Wei Feng Yen-Min Chen Bo-Yi Kuo Academia Sinica Institute of Information Science Taipei Taiwan Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Center of Intelligent Healthcare National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Over the last decades, there has been growing interest in research in multiple and interdisciplinary fields of human-AI computing. In particular, approaches integrating the intersecting design with reinforcement learning (RL) have received more attention. However, the current research on RL may need to consider its enhancement from a human-inspired approach further. In the present work, we focus on enabling a meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) agent to achieve adaptation and generalization according to modeling Markov decision processes using Bayesian knowledge and analysis. By introducing a novel framework called human-inspired meta-RL (HMRL), we incorporate the agent performing resilient actions to leverage the dynamic dense reward based on the knowledge and prediction of a Bayesian analysis. The proposed framework can make the agent learn generalization and prevent the agent from failing catastrophically. The experimental results show that our approach helps the agent reduce computational costs with learning adaptation. Finally, we conclude and anticipate that integrating human-inspired meta-RL can enable learning more formulations relating to robustness and scalability, leading to promising directions and more complex AI goals in the future.

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Research on the Application and Analysis of Mechanical Equipment Intelligence Based on Knowledge Graph 2

Research on the Application and Analysis of Mechanical Equip...

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2nd International Conference on computer, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, ICCBDAI 2021

作者： Qi, Rui Chen, Jing Yu, ZengWen Ke, WenJun Wang, Rui Graduate School of the Second Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Beijing China Beijing Institute of Computer Technology and Applications Beijing China Xidian University Shaanxi Xi'an China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

With the rapid evolution of manufacturing technology, mechanical equipment products are being replaced more frequently, and competition in the industry is becoming increasingly fierce. The collection and analysis of mechanical equipment technical intelligence is a key need for many enterprises. Using artificial intelligence technology to build an intelligence analysis system for all types of data is the inevitable trend of intelligence analysis. This paper proposes an intelligent processing and analysis framework of mechanical equipment intelligence. Based on the construction of knowledge graph, the knowledge embedding model is used to complete knowledge reasoning, predict development trends for mechanical equipment, and allow for more intelligent decision-making. A case study involving 3D printing shows the functions of the intelligence process and analysis framework. © 2022 institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printers

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Fusion of Mixture of Experts and Generative Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Edge Metaverse

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Jamalipour, Abbas Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In The College of Computing and Data Science The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn United States The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Sydney Australia The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

In the digital transformation era, Metaverse offers a fusion of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and web technologies to create immersive digital experiences. However, the evolution of the Metaverse is slowed down by the challenges of content creation, scalability, and dynamic user interaction. Our study investigates an integration of Mixture of Experts (MoE) models with Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) for mobile edge computing to revolutionize content creation and interaction in the Metaverse. Specifically, we harness an MoE model's ability to efficiently manage complex data and complex tasks by dynamically selecting the most relevant experts running various sub-models to enhance the capabilities of GAI. We then present a novel framework that improves video content generation quality and consistency, and demonstrate its application through case studies. Our findings underscore the efficacy of MoE and GAI integration to redefine virtual experiences by offering a scalable, efficient pathway to harvest the Metaverse's full potential. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Skin cancer diagnosis using NIR spectroscopy data of skin lesions in vivo using machine learning algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Loss, Flavio P. da Cunha, Pedro H. Rocha, Matheus B. Zanoni, Madson Poltronieri de Lima, Leandro M. Nascimento, Isadora Tavares Rezende, Isabella Canuto, Tania R.P. de Paula Vieira, Luciana Rossoni, Renan Santos, Maria C.S. Frasson, Patricia Lyra Romão, Wanderson Filgueiras, Paulo R. Krohling, Renato A. Labcin - Nature Inspired Computing Lab Brazil PPGI - Graduate Program in Computer Science Department of Chemistry PPGQ - Graduate Program in Chemistry Department of Specialized Medicine Brazil ES Vitória29075-910 Brazil Secretary of Health of the Espírito Santo State Vitória Brazil ES Vitória29040-780 Brazil

Skin lesions are classified in benign or malignant. Among the malignant, melanoma is a very aggressive cancer and the major cause of deaths. So, early diagnosis of skin cancer is very desired. In the last few years, there is a growing interest in computer aided diagnostic (CAD) using most image and clinical data of the lesion. Although we have seen an increasing progress in CAD of skin lesions, these sources of information present limitations due to their inability to provide information of the molecular structure of the lesion. NIR spectroscopy may provide an alternative source of information to automated CAD of skin lesions. The most commonly used techniques and classification algorithms used in spectroscopy are Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Support Vector Machines (SVM). Nonetheless, there is a growing interest in applying the modern techniques of machine and deep learning (MDL) to spectroscopy. One of the main limitations to apply MDL to spectroscopy is the lack of public datasets. Since there is no public dataset of NIR spectral data to skin lesions, as far as we know, an effort has been made and a new dataset named NIR-SC-UFES, has been collected, annotated and analyzed generating the gold-standard for classification of NIR spectral data to skin cancer. Next, the machine learning algorithms XGBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, 1D-convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) and standard algorithms as SVM and PLS-DA were investigated to classify cancer and non-cancer skin lesions. Experimental results indicate the best performance obtained by LightGBM with pre-processing using standard normal variate (SNV), feature extraction and data augmentation with Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) providing values of 0.839 for balanced accuracy, 0.851 for recall, 0.852 for precision, and 0.850 for F-score. The obtained results indicate the first steps in CAD of skin lesions aiming the automated triage of patients with

关键词： Support vector machines

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Faster Exponential-Time Approximation Algorithms Using Approximate Monotone Local Search 30

Faster Exponential-Time Approximation Algorithms Using Appro...

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30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms, ESA 2022

作者： Esmer, Bariş Can Kulik, Ariel Marx, Dániel Neuen, Daniel Sharma, Roohani CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security Saarbrücken Germany Saarbrücken Graduate School of Computer Science Saarland Informatics Campus Germany School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada Max Planck Institute for Informatics Saarland Informatics Campus Saarbrücken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783959772471

We generalize the monotone local search approach of Fomin, Gaspers, Lokshtanov and Saurabh [*** 2019], by establishing a connection between parameterized approximation and exponentialtime approximation algorithms for monotone subset minimization problems. In a monotone subset minimization problem the input implicitly describes a non-empty set family over a universe of size n which is closed under taking supersets. The task is to find a minimum cardinality set in this family. Broadly speaking, we use approximate monotone local search to show that a parameterized α-approximation algorithm that runs in ck nO(1) time, where k is the solution size, can be used to derive an α-approximation randomized algorithm that runs in dn nO(1) time, where d is the unique value in ( 1, 1 + c-1 α ) such that D (1 α d-1 c-1 ) = ln c α and D (ab) is the Kullback-Leibler divergence. This running time matches that of Fomin et al. for α = 1, and is strictly better when α > 1, for any c > 1. Furthermore, we also show that this result can be derandomized at the expense of a sub-exponential multiplicative factor in the running time. We use an approximate variant of the exhaustive search as a benchmark for our algorithm. We show that the classic 2n nO(1) exhaustive search can be adapted to an α-approximate exhaustive search that runs in time (1 + exp ( -α H(1 α ))n nO(1), where H is the entropy function. Furthermore, we provide a lower bound stating that the running time of this α-approximate exhaustive search is the best achievable running time in an oracle model. When compared to approximate exhaustive search, and to other techniques, the running times obtained by approximate monotone local search are strictly better for any α ≥ 1, c > 1. We demonstrate the potential of approximate monotone local search by deriving new and faster exponential approximation algorithms for Vertex Cover, 3-Hitting Set, Directed Feedback Vertex Set, Directed Subset Feedback Vertex Set, Directed Odd Cycle Transve

关键词： Approximation algorithms

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CBIDR: A novel method for information retrieval combining image and data by means of TOPSIS applied to medical diagnosis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Giuri, Humberto Krohling, Renato A. Labcin - Nature-inspired computing Lab. Federal University of Espírito Santo ES Vitória Brazil Graduate Program in Computer Science PPGI UFES Federal University of Espírito Santo ES Vitória Brazil

Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) have shown promising results in the field of medical diagnosis, which aims to provide support to medical professionals (doctor or pathologist). However, the ultimate decision regarding the diagnosis is made by the medical professional, drawing upon their accumulated experience. In this context, we believe that artificial intelligence can play a pivotal role in addressing the challenges in medical diagnosis not by making the final decision but by assisting in the diagnosis process with the most relevant information. The CBIR methods use similarity metrics to compare feature vectors generated from images using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). In addition to the information contained in medical images, clinical data about the patient is often available and is also relevant in the final decision-making process by medical professionals. In this paper, we propose a novel method named CBIDR, which leverage both medical images and clinical data of patient, combining them through the ranking algorithm TOPSIS. The goal is to aid medical professionals in their final diagnosis by retrieving images and clinical data of patient that are most similar to query data from the database. As a case study, we illustrate our CBIDR for diagnostic of oral cancer including histopathological images and clinical data of patient. Experimental results in terms of accuracy achieved 97.44% in Top-1 and 100% in Top-5 showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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DEEP LEARNING-BASED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR RIS-ASSISTED UAV-ENABLED WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

DEEP LEARNING-BASED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR RIS-ASSISTED UAV-...

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2023 International Conference on Innovation, Communication and Engineering, ICICE 2023

作者： Tesfaw, Belayneh A. Lin, Hsin-Piao Tarekegn, Getaneh B. Juang, Rong-Terng Jeng, Shiann-Shiun Department of International Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Institute of Aerospace and System Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Dong Hwa University Hualien Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

Wireless communication via unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has drawn a great deal of attention due to its flexibility in establishing line-of-sight (LoS) communications. However, in complex urban and dynamic environments, the movement of UAVs can be blocked by trees and high-rise buildings that obstruct directional paths. This problem can be effectively addressed by employing reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). To achieve this goal, accurate channel estimation in RIS-assisted UAV-enabled wireless communications is crucial. This paper proposes an accurate channel estimation model using long short-term memory (LSTM) for a multi-user RIS-assisted UAV-enabled wireless communications system. Simulation results showed that LSTM can effectively improve the channel estimation performance of RIS-assisted UAV-enabled wireless communications. © The Institution of Engineering & Technology 2023.

关键词： Channel estimation

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Implementation of Lightweight PRNG on PLC for Industrial Control Systems

Implementation of Lightweight PRNG on PLC for Industrial Con...

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Intelligent Cybernetics Technology & Applications (ICICyTA), International Conference on

作者： Andi Sama Ford Lumban Gaol Suhono Harso Supangkat Benny Ranti Computer Science Department Binus Graduate Program - Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Faculty of Digital Communication and Hotel & Tourism Institute of Technology Bandung Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Indonesia Depok Indonesia

The Information Technology/Operational Technology convergence towards Industry 4.0 opens the opportunity to leverage recent advancements in Information Technology for Operational Technology, such as Cloud, Internet of Things, and Artificial Intelligence. Meanwhile, cyber-attacks are increasing for Operational Technology. The security aspect in Operational Technology systems has traditionally been a low priority, in contrast with speed. This introduces challenges as Industrial Control Systems such as programmable Logic Controller in Operational Technology have been traditionally optimized for speed rather than security due to limited computing power. As computations need to be as efficient as possible, security in Operational Technology has yet to be managed as robustly as in Information Technology. Operational Technology communication protocols for securing data transfer, for example, have no or just a few security capabilities, even for basic authentication and encryption. Common security algorithms rely on random numbers. However, Random Number Generator is not usually part of standard functions in programmable Logic Controllers, the core control component in Industrial Control Systems. In Industrial Control Systems, the Random Number Generator is mostly implemented as a software-based Pseudo Random Number Generator. This paper shows how to apply a Pseudo Random Number Generator in a Siemens Compact PLC S7-1200 using a modified lightweight XORshift algorithm. The XORshift algorithm can generate better randomness than the system’s clock-based implementation in the Siemens Library of Generic Functions.

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Slice-Fusion: Reducing False Positives in Liver Tumor Detection for Mask R-CNN

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IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2023年第5期20卷 3267-3277页

作者： Tu, Deng-Yao Lin, Peng-Chan Chou, Hsin-Hung Shen, Meng-Ru Hsieh, Sun-Yuan National Cheng Kung University Master Degree Program on Artificial Intelligence Tainan City70101 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Institute of Medical Informatics Department of Oncology Department of Genomic Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tainan City70101 Taiwan National Chi Nan University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Nantou County54561 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Pharmacology National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine Tainan City70101 Taiwan National Cheng Kung University Institute of Medical Information Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems Center for Innovative FinTech Business Models International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tainan City70101 Taiwan

Automatic liver tumor detection from computed tomography (CT) makes clinical examinations more accurate. However, deep learning-based detection algorithms are characterized by high sensitivity and low precision, which hinders diagnosis given that false-positive tumors must first be identified and excluded. These false positives arise because detection models incorrectly identify partial volume artifacts as lesions, which in turn stems from the inability to learn the perihepatic structure from a global perspective. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel slice-fusion method in which mining the global structural relationship between the tissues in the target CT slices and fusing the features of adjacent slices according to the importance of the tissues. Furthermore, we design a new network based on our slice-fusion method and Mask R-CNN detection model, called Pinpoint-Net. We evaluated proposed model on the Liver Tumor Segmentation Challenge (LiTS) dataset and our liver metastases dataset. Experiments demonstrated that our slice-fusion method not only enhance tumor detection ability via reducing the number of false-positive tumors smaller than 10mm, but also improve segmentation performance. Without bells and whistles, a single Pinpoint-Net showed outstanding performance in liver tumor detection and segmentation on LiTS test dataset compared with other state-of-the-art models. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Tumors

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Predicting Microsatellite Instability from Histology Images with Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer in Colorectal Cancer

Predicting Microsatellite Instability from Histology Images ...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Yun-Chi Chen Tung Chao Wimaya Nitya Phandita Tzu-Yu Sun Huai-Zhi Wang Yi-Hsien Hsieh Le-Yin Hsu Che Lin Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan College of Bioresources and Agriculture NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Data Science Degree Program NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine NTU Taipei Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331518622

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518639

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a pivotal genetic marker influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Traditional MSI examination often requires additional genetic or immunohistochemical tests, whereas histology images, widely available in colorectal cancer diagnosis, offer a valuable alternative for MSI prediction. Although Transformer-based models have demonstrated promising outcomes in predicting MSI from histology images, they are hampered by traditional local attention mechanisms that struggle to capture long-range interdependencies and establish a comprehensive global receptive field. In this study, we introduce DiNAT-MSI, a novel framework for histology-based MSI prediction that incorporates the Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer (DiNAT). This model enhances global context recognition and substantially expands receptive fields, all without additional computational burden. Our results demonstrate that DiNAT-MSI achieves a superior patientwise AUROC compared to ResNet18 and Swin Transformer, along with commendable explainability. Our work not only illustrates a more accessible diagnostic tool for leveraging histological data but also underscores the potential of Transformerbased models with sophisticated attention designs in advancing precision medicine for colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Attention mechanisms Histopathology Computational modeling Precision medicine Small satellites Immunotherapy Colorectal cancer Predictive models Transformers Genetics

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