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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lee, Sangseon Lee, Dohoon Piao, Yinhua Kim, Sun Institute of Computer Technology Seoul National University Korea Republic of BK21 FOUR Intelligence Computing Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Korea Republic of AIGENDRUG Co. Ltd. Korea Republic of

While graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successful for node classification tasks and link prediction tasks in graph, learning graph-level representations still remains a challenge. For the graph-level representation, it is important to learn both representation of neighboring nodes, i.e., aggregation, and graph structural information. A number of graph pooling methods have been developed for this goal. However, most of the existing pooling methods utilize k-hop neighborhood without considering explicit structural information in a graph. In this paper, we propose Structure Prototype Guided Pooling (SPGP) that utilizes prior graph structures to overcome the limitation. SPGP formulates graph structures as learnable prototype vectors and computes the affinity between nodes and prototype vectors. This leads to a novel node scoring scheme that prioritizes informative nodes while encapsulating the useful structures of the graph. Our experimental results show that SPGP outperforms state-of-the-art graph pooling methods on graph classification benchmark datasets in both accuracy and scalability. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Performance comparison of InGaN-based 40–80 μm micro-LEDs fabricated with and without plasma etching

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Materials Today Advances 2024年 22卷

作者： Lo, Yu-Yun Chen, Yi-Ho Hsu, Yun-Cheng Lee, Tzu-Yi Hung, Yu-Ying Kao, Yu-Cheng Zan, Hsiao-Wen Wuu, Dong- Sing Kuo, Hao-Chung Samukawa, Seiji Horng, Ray-Hua Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Photonics College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou54561 Taiwan Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The fabrication of InGaN-based blue 4✕4 array micro-LEDs (μLEDs) with 40 μm ✕40 μm chip size and 2✕2 array μLEDs with 80 μm ✕80 μm chip size etching by the inductive coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICPRIE) and defect-free neutral beam etching (NBE) processes was studied in this work. In μLEDs of this size, the influence of defects formation in the sidewalls on EQE was evaluated. There was almost no difference in EQE between μLEDs array etched by the NBE process no matter 40 μm ✕40 μm and 80 μm ✕80 μm, but the dependence was observed in the ICPRIE. Even with this size, it was found that the size effect of EQE is smaller than that in case of using ICPRIE for defect-free neutral beam etching. This impact is substantial since μLED predominantly operated at low current density, around 1–5 A/cm2. Consequently, the reduction of defect density, encompassing both internal and sidewall defects, becomes imperative even in 40–80 μm InGaN-based μLEDs. This not only improves the overall efficiency of μLEDs but also fortifies the brightness stability of μLED displays if process etching by NBE. It was also found that the etching shape had an influence on EQE. It could be attributed to fact that the etching profile angle of NBE was more vertical than that of ICPRIE. Because the different angles of the mesa resulted in different light intensity. The μLEDs emitting with a wavelength of 450 nm, the light extraction efficiency and intensity at a mesa angle 58° of NBE etching μLEDs was about 8% lower than those of an angle (38°) of ICPRIE etching μLEDs by simulation. © The Authors

关键词： Light emitting diodes

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APPLICATION OF THE DIGITAL ANNEALER UNIT IN OPTIMIZING CHEMICAL REACTION CONDITIONS FOR ENHANCED PRODUCTION YIELDS

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Shih-Cheng Wang, Pei-Hwa Su, Jheng-Wei Chiang, Wei-Yin Huang, Shih-Hsien Lin, Yen-Chu Ou, Chia-Ho Chen, Chih-Yu Insilico Medicine Taiwan Ltd. Taipei City110208 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City320314 Taiwan Master Program in Intelligent Computing and Big Data Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City320314 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Pingtung University Pingtung City900392 Taiwan

Finding appropriate reaction conditions that yield high product rates in chemical synthesis is crucial for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. However, due to the vast chemical space, conducting experiments for each possible reaction condition is impractical. Consequently, models such as QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) or ML (Machine Learning) have been developed to predict the outcomes of reactions and illustrate how reaction conditions affect product yield. Despite these advancements, inferring all possible combinations remains computationally prohibitive when using a conventional CPU. In this work, we explore using a Digital Annealing Unit (DAU) to tackle these large-scale optimization problems more efficiently by solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO). Two types of QUBO models are constructed in this work: one using quantum annealing and the other using ML. Both models are built and tested on four high-throughput experimentation (HTE) datasets and selected Reaxys datasets. Our results suggest that the performance of models is comparable to classical ML methods (i.e., Random Forest and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)), while the inference time of our models requires only seconds with a DAU. Additionally, in campaigns involving active learning and autonomous design of reaction conditions to achieve higher reaction yield, our model demonstrates significant improvements by adding new data, showing promise of adopting our method in the iterative nature of such problem settings. Our method can also accelerate the screening of billions of reaction conditions, achieving speeds millions of times faster than traditional computing units in identifying superior conditions. Therefore, leveraging the DAU with our developed QUBO models has the potential to be a valuable tool for innovative chemical synthesis. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Mine-to-client planning with Markov Decision Process 18

Mine-to-client planning with Markov Decision Process

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18th European Control Conference, ECC 2020

作者： Leal Gomes Leite, Joao Marcelo Arruda, Edilson F. Bahiense, Laura Marujo, Lino G. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Industrial Engineering Program Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute Graduate School and Research in Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Systems Engineer and Computer Science Program Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute Graduate School and Research in Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783907144015

This works presents an innovative application of Markov Decision Process (MDP) to a medium-term mining logistics planning problem considering the mine-to-client supply chain. We implemented three distinct algorithms based on state-of-the-art approaches to solve large-scale problems, and compared their results. Furthermore, we combined all three variants in a single novel algorithm that attained fast convergence and may be an alternative to circumvent the curse of dimensionality underlying large scale problems. © 2020 EUCA.

关键词： Supply chains

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Deep-Strong Coupling between Cavity Photons and Terahertz TO Phonons in PbTe

Deep-Strong Coupling between Cavity Photons and Terahertz TO...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Baydin, Andrey Manjappa, Manukumara Mishra, Sobhan Subhra Xu, Hongjing Tay, Fuyang Kim, Dasom Hernandez, Felix G.G. Rappl, Paulo H.O. Abramof, Eduardo Singh, Ranjan Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Instrumentation and Applied Physics Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore560012 India Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics Institute Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Instituto de Física Universidade de Sao Paulo SP Sao Paulo05508-090 Brazil Laboratorio Associado de Sensores e Materiais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais SP Sao Jose dos Campos12201-970 Brazil Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We have investigated the resonant coupling of photons with TO phonons in lead telluride in small-mode-volume terahertz cavities, observing a giant vacuum Rabi splitting on the order of the bare cavity-phonon frequency... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Photons

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Artificial Neural Network Model for Steel Strip Tandem Cold Mill Power Prediction 3rd

Artificial Neural Network Model for Steel Strip Tandem Cold ...

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3rd International Conference on Applied Informatics, ICAI 2020

作者： de Oliveira, Danilo G. da Silva, Eliton M. Miranda, Fabiano J. F. Filho, José F. S. Parpinelli, Rafael S. Graduate Program in Applied Computing Santa Catarina State University – UDESC Joinville Brazil Department of Computer Science Santa Catarina State University – UDESC Joinville Brazil ArcelorMittal – Global Research and Development Group São Francisco do Sul Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783030617011

In the cold rolling of flat steel strips, electric energy consumption is one of the highest expenses. Predicting the power requirements according to the line and product conditions can significantly impact the energy cost and, thus, on the business’s profitability. This paper proposes predicting the power requirements of a tandem cold rolling mill of steel strips on a coil-to-coil base applying Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) as a uni-variate regression problem. The tests yielded an MSE of 300.39 kW or 2.4% and are better than the acceptable 5% error margin for this project, indicating that the ANN presented satisfactory results. The application of six full-month worth of data in the trained ANN model showed the excellent correlation of the ANN predictions with the measured data, leading to the conclusion that the system is ready for the deployment for daily use for line engineers. Overall, the results obtained show that the steel industry can highly benefit from Industry 4.0 and Artificial Intelligence technologies. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Automotive industry

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The by-product of oil palm dosage application on Turnera subulata growth supports water supply

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3026卷

作者： Pauliz Budi Hastuti Gilang Tri Anggara Wiwin Dyah Ully Parwati Teddy Suparyanto Digdo Sudigyo Bens Pardamean Faculty of Agriculture STIPER Institute of Agriculture Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281 Faculty of Agricultural Technology STIPER Institute of Agriculture Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281 Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

Plant growth with complex organic matter content can be enhanced by using oil palm by-products. These organic materials can maintain the water supply in the plant body. Therefore, in oil palm plantations with significant groundwater consumption, organic matter’s the ability to sustain water availability. Caterpillars that devour palm leaves are among the numerous pests that threaten oil palm plantations. Predators of leaf-eating caterpillars use the holly rose flower (Turnera subulata) in oil palm farms as a habitat. Therefore, the effect of the type and dose treatment of oil palm by-products on the growth of Turnera subulata was observed to support sustainable water management in oil palm plantations. The research was carried out using a factorial design arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two components: the type of palm oil mill by-product (boiler ash, empty bunches, and solid) and the dose of a by-product (% volume) consisting of four dosages (0, 25, 33, and 50% volume). The research data were analyzed using variance at the 5% test level. A DMRT test at the 5% test level was conducted on the treatment that had a significant effect. The growth of Turnera subulata was most positively impacted by a solid application dose of 50% volume. Turnera subulata plants responded the least favorably to the application of empty bunches in any dose treatment.

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Analysis of Negative Capacitance MOSFETs Characteristic with Spacer

Analysis of Negative Capacitance MOSFETs Characteristic with...

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2020 International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications, VLSI-TSA 2020

作者： Lee, Yu-Chun Kola, Sekhar Reddy Chen, Chieh-Yang Chuang, Min-Hui Li, Yiming Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Institute of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Eecs International Graduate Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center for MmWave Smart Radar System and Technologies National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd Hsinchu300 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142326

In this work, our study comprises of design and investigation on negative capacitance (NC), metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field effects transistors (MOSFETs) with spacer and source/drain (S/D) overlap engineering. The scope of the work is to boost the performance and high-energy efficiency of the studied NC-MOSFETs by using the ferro electric material (FE). The NC-MOSFETs with the spacer technology can achieve the admirable Ion/Ioff ratio and subthreshold swing (SS), compared with planar MOSFETs. It makes device scaling possible by eliminating the short channel effect (SCE). We further estimated the effect of FE thickness and spacer, which are another critical parameter of obtaining better electrical characteristics and reducing SS. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Capacitance

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Hot Carrier Injection Reliability of Fabricated N- and P-Type Multi FinFETs with Different TiN Stacks

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ECS Journal of Solid State science and Technology 2023年第3期12卷 035007-035007页

作者： Chen, Yu-Lin Yeh, Wen-Kuan Hsu, Heng-Tung Chen, Ke-Horng Lin, Wen-Chin Yu, Tien-Han Chou, Hung-Ting Godwin Raj, D. Godfrey, D. International College of Semiconductor Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan National Applied Research Laboratories Taiwan Institute of Microelectronics National Cheng Kung University Taiwan National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology Taoyuan Taiwan Dept of ECE Amal Jyothi College of Engineering Kerala India Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dayananda Sagar University Bengaluru India

Device degradation due to hot carrier injection (HCI) in multi-fin 20 nm and 10 nm N- and P-type FinFET devices are thoroughly analyzed. To further understand the HCI reliability of the four FinFET devices, the device is fabricated with a standard Vt base and low Vt base gate stacks with different work functions. It is evident that: (i) The standard Vt device sustains lower effective stress bias due to the difference in threshold voltage, resulting in a more stable threshold voltage than the low Vt base device, and (ii) the transconductance of the single N- and P-type FinFET is more severely degraded than the multi-fin N- and P-type FinFET, mainly because multi N- and P-type Finfet has coupe effect, which effectively reduces the impact of HCI. © 2023 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited

关键词： FinFET

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Quantifying Efficiency of Remote Excitation for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Molecular Junctions

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liao, Shusen Zhu, Yunxuan Ye, Qian Sanders, Stephen Yang, Jiawei Alabastri, Alessandro Natelson, Douglas Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is enabled by local surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in metallic nanogaps. When SERS is excited by direct illumination of the nanogap, the background heating of lattice and electrons can prevent further manipulation of the molecules. To overcome this issue, we report SERS in electromigrated gold molecular junctions excited remotely: surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are excited at nearby gratings, propagate to the junction, and couple to the local nanogap plasmon modes. Like direct excitation, remote excitation of the nanogap can generate both SERS emission and an open-circuit photovoltage (OCPV). We compare SERS intensity and OCPV in both direct and remote illumination configurations. SERS spectra obtained by remote excitation are much more stable than those obtained through direct excitation when photon count rates are comparable. By statistical analysis of 33 devices, coupling efficiency of remote excitation is calculated to be around 10%, consistent with the simulated energy flow. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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