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2022 International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications, VLSI-TSA 2022

作者： Kola, Sekhar Reddy Li, Yiming Chen, Chieh-Yang Chuang, Min-Hui National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Biomedical Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Hsinchu300 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409230

We for the first time study characteristic fluctuation of gate-all-around silicon nanosheet MOSFETs induced by random dopants fluctuation (RDF), interface trap fluctuation (ITF), and work function fluctuation (WKF), and their combinations. The explored devices affected by the WKF and its combination result in sizeable variability. Because of enigmatical interactions among the aforementioned random factors, overestimated variabilities occur if we only consider one random source each time, compared with the statistical 3D device simulation for full RDF, ITF and WKF at the same time. Notably, 10.78% and 103% overestimations are found for the threshold voltage and off-state current fluctuations. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Nanosheets

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A New Method Based on Deep Learning to Detect Lesions in Retinal Images using YOLOv5

A New Method Based on Deep Learning to Detect Lesions in Ret...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Carlos Santos Marilton Aguiar Daniel Welfer Bruno Belloni Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Farroupilha Alegrete Brazil Postgraduate Program in Computing (PPGC) Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil Departament of Applied Computing Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Sul-Rio-Grandense Passo Fundo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781665429825

Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the leading causes of vision loss and presents in its initial phase retinal lesions, such as microaneurysms, hemorrhages, and hard and soft exudates. Therefore, computational models capable of detecting these lesions can help in the early diagnosis of the disease and prevent the manifestation of more severe forms of lesions, helping define the best form of treatment. This work proposes a method based on deep neural network models that perform one-stage object detection, using state-of-the-art data augmentation and transfer learning techniques to present a model that aids in the medical diagnosis of fundus lesions. The model was trained, adjusted, and evaluated using the DDR Diabetic Retinopathy Dataset, and implemented based on the YOLOv5 architecture and the PyTorch framework, achieving values for mAP of 0.1040 and 0.0283 for IoU threshold of 0.5 and 0.5:0.95 respectively, in the validation set. The results obtained in the experiments demonstrate that the proposed method presented superior results to equivalent works found in the literature.

关键词： Deep learning Training Retinopathy Neural networks Computer architecture Retina Data models

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Double-SP Method to Enhance Privacy and Security of Smart City Applications

Double-SP Method to Enhance Privacy and Security of Smart Ci...

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International Conference on computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

作者： Nour Mahmoud Bahbouh Abdulelah Alhussain Hassan Hakami Yaser Mohammed Aljohani Adnan Ahmed Abi Sen Ahmad Alkhodre Aeshah Alsughayyir Department of Information and Communication Sciences Granada University Granada Spain Saudi Electronic University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia YasRef Program Yanbu Saudi Arabia Computing and Information Technology Islamic University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Al-Madinah Saudi Arabia

Smart cities promise a lot of well-being to their users in all areas of life through millions of applications and services. Smart services rely heavily on collecting data and the preferences of users. But on the dark side, the users' information is posed to threat and penetration during transmission or stored far in the clouds. Depending on encryption only is not sufficient if the attacker has strong resources or if the attacker is the service provider (SP) itself. In addition, changing data before sending is not a practical solution in many systems because of the adverse impact on the quality of a main service. This research presented a new idea to address the issue of protection. The proposed method enhanced the privacy and security of users' data without affecting the accuracy of service. The core of the suggested solution relies on a knowledge base of services that are managed by experts. Also, the solution depends on fog nodes to measure the level of security and privacy of users' queries without delay. Moreover, the fog nodes manage contact with SPs. Finally, the proposed method divided the SP into two, one for user queries and the other for user data. The simulation and analytical discussion on a practical case in smart cities demonstrated the superiority of the proposed approach over previous methods in the level of protection by maintaining the quality of services, and the resistance to attacks.

关键词： Resistance Privacy Data privacy Machine learning algorithms Smart cities Knowledge based systems Quality of service

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SocialNLP EmotionGIF 2020 challenge overview: Predicting reaction GIF categories on social media

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Shmueli, Boaz Ku, Lun-Wei Ray, Soumya Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Taiwan International Graduate Program Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taiwan Institute of Service Science National Tsing Hua University Taiwan

We present an overview of the EmotionGIF 2020 Challenge, held at the 8th International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Social Media (SocialNLP), in conjunction with ACL 2020. The challenge required predicting affective reactions to online texts, and includes the EmotionGIF dataset, with tweets labeled for the reaction categories. The novel dataset included 40K tweets with their reaction GIFs. Due to the special circumstances of year 2020, two rounds of the competition were conducted. A total of 84 teams registered for the task. Of these, 25 teams successfully submitted entries to the evaluation phase in the first round, while 13 teams participated successfully in the second round. Of the top participants, five teams presented a technical report and shared their code. The top score of the winning team using the Recall@K metric was 62.47%. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Social networking (online)

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A BCLC Staging System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Swin Transformer and CT Imaging

A BCLC Staging System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Swi...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Shun-Cheng Chang Pochuang Wang Weichung Wang Tung-Hung Su Jia-Horng Kao Che Lin Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan NTU Institute of Applied Mathematical Sciences Taipei Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan NTU Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine Taipei Taiwan NTU Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system plays a crucial role in clinical planning, offering valuable insights for effectively managing hepatocellular carcinoma. Accurate prediction of BCLC stages can significantly ease the workload on radiologists. However, few datasets are explicitly designed for discerning BCLC stages. Despite the common practice of appending BCLC labels to clinical data within datasets, the inherent imbalance in BCLC distribution is further amplified by the diverse purposes for which datasets are curated. In this study, we aim to develop a BCLC staging system using the advanced Swin Transformer model. Additionally, we explore the integration of two datasets, each originally intended for separate objectives, highlighting the critical challenge of preserving class distribution in practical study designs. This exploration is pivotal for ensuring the applicability of our developed staging system in the designed clinical settings. Our resulting BCLC staging system demonstrates an accuracy of 55.81% (±7.8%), contributing to advancing medical image-based research for predicting BCLC stages.

关键词： Liver cancer Accuracy Computed tomography Biological system modeling Transformers Planning Biomedical imaging

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BLIS-Net: Classifying and Analyzing Signals on Graphs

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xu, Charles Goldman, Laney Guo, Valentina Hollander-Bodie, Benjamin Trank-Greene, Maedee Adelstein, Ian De Brouwer, Edward Ying, Rex Krishnaswamy, Smita Perlmutter, Michael Department of Mathematics Yale University United States Department of Computer Science Yale University United States Department of Mathematics Harvey Mudd College United States Department of Genetics Yale School of Medicine United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado Boulder United States Department of Mathematics Boise State University United States Program in Computing Boise State University United States

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for tasks such as node classification and graph classification. However, much less work has been done on signal classification, where the data consists of many functions (referred to as signals) defined on the vertices of a single graph. These tasks require networks designed differently from those designed for traditional GNN tasks. Indeed, traditional GNNs rely on localized low-pass filters, and signals of interest may have intricate multi-frequency behavior and exhibit long range interactions. This motivates us to introduce the BLIS-Net (Bi-Lipschitz Scattering Net), a novel GNN that builds on the previously introduced geometric scattering transform. Our network is able to capture both local and global signal structure and is able to capture both low-frequency and high-frequency information. We make several crucial changes to the original geometric scattering architecture which we prove increase the ability of our network to capture information about the input signal and show that BLIS-Net achieves superior performance on both synthetic and real-world data sets based on traffic flow and fMRI data. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Design and exploration of vertically stacked complementary tunneling field-effect transistors

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Applied Physics Express 2024年第1期17卷 014001-014001页

作者： Thoti, Narasimhulu Li, Yiming Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

The purpose of this letter is to study the design and explore vertically stacked complementary tunneling field-effect transistors (CTFETs) using CFET technology for emerging technology nodes. As a prior work, the CTFET’s device-level simulations are implemented and deliberated in strict compliance with the experimental settings. This work comprises the study of physical and DC analyses by scaling the p- to n-CTFET separation (D pn), being a significant factor in CFET/CTFET design for its process difficulty. By utilizing the 50% benefit in footprint, the work is further extended to CTFET static random access memory implementation and characterization with hold/read noise margin analysis. © 2023 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Japan Society of Applied Physics by IOP Publishing Ltd

关键词： Si-Ge alloys

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ReViT: A Hybrid Approach for BCLC Staging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using 3D CT with Multiple Instance Learning

ReViT: A Hybrid Approach for BCLC Staging of Hepatocellular ...

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IEEE EMBS International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB)

作者： Shun-Cheng Chang Hsin-Pei Yu Yi-Hsien Hsieh Pochuang Wang Weichung Wang Tung-Hung Su Jia-Horng Kao Che Lin Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Institute of Applied Mathematical Sciences NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine NTU Taipei Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350351552

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351569

Deep learning has revolutionized medical imaging, offering advanced methods for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. The BCLC staging system is crucial for staging Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), a high-mortality cancer. An automated BCLC staging system could significantly enhance diagnosis and treatment planning efficiency. However, we found that BCLC staging, which is directly related to the size and number of liver tumors, aligns well with the principles of the Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) framework. To effectively achieve this, we proposed a new preprocessing technique called Masked Cropping and Padding(MCP), which addresses the variability in liver volumes and ensures consistent input sizes. This technique preserves the structural integrity of the liver, facilitating more effective learning. Furthermore, we introduced Re ViT, a novel hybrid model that integrates the local feature extraction capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with the global context modeling of Vision Transformers (ViTs). Re ViT leverages the strengths of both architectures within the MIL framework, enabling a robust and accurate approach for BCLC staging. We will further explore the trade-off between performance and interpretability by employing TopK Pooling strategies, as our model focuses on the most informative instances within each bag.

关键词： Visualization Accuracy Three-dimensional displays Liver Transformers Planning Convolutional neural networks Context modeling Biomedical imaging Tumors

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MoCab: A framework for the deployment of machine learning models across health information systems

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Computer Methods and programs in Biomedicine 2024年 255卷 108336页

作者： Kuo, Zhe-Ming Chen, Kuan-Fu Tseng, Yi-Ju Department of Information Management National Central University Taoyuan Taiwan College of Intelligent Computing Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Medical Statistics Research Center Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children's Hospital BostonMA United States

Background and Objective: Machine learning models are vital for enhancing healthcare services. However, integrating them into health information systems (HISs) introduces challenges beyond clinical decision making, such as interoperability and diverse electronic health records (EHR) formats. We proposed Model Cabinet Architecture (MoCab), a framework designed to leverage fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR) as the standard for data storage and retrieval when deploying machine learning models across various HISs, addressing the challenges highlighted by platforms such as EPOCH®, ePRISM®, KETOS, and others. Methods: The MoCab architecture is designed to streamline predictive modeling in healthcare through a structured framework incorporating several specialized parts. The Data Service Center manages patient data retrieval from FHIR servers. These data are then processed by the Knowledge Model Center, where they are formatted and fed into predictive models. The Model Retraining Center is crucial in continuously updating these models to maintain accuracy in dynamic clinical environments. The framework further incorporates Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Hooks for issuing clinical alerts. It uses Substitutable Medical Apps Reusable Technologies (SMART) on FHIR to develop applications for displaying alerts, prediction results, and patient records. Results: The MoCab framework was demonstrated using three types of predictive models: a scoring model (qCSI), a machine learning model (NSTI), and a deep learning model (SPC), applied to synthetic data that mimic a major EHR system. The implementations showed how MoCab integrates predictive models with health data for clinical decision support, utilizing CDS Hooks and SMART on FHIR for seamless HIS integration. The demonstration confirmed the practical utility of MoCab in supporting clinical decision making, validated by its application in various healthcare settings. Conclusions: We demonstrate MoCab's potential in

关键词： Interoperability

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programming Variational Quantum Circuits with Quantum-Train Agent

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Chen-Yu Chen, Samuel Yen-Chi Chen, Kuan-Cheng Huang, Wei-Jia Chang, Yen-Jui Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Research Institute Taipei Taiwan Wells Fargo New YorkNY United States Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan Master Program in Intelligent Computing and Big Data Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan

In this study, the Quantum-Train Quantum Fast Weight programmer (QT-QFWP) framework is proposed, which facilitates the efficient and scalable programming of variational quantum circuits (VQCs) by leveraging quantum-driven parameter updates for the classical slow programmer that controls the fast programmer VQC model. This approach offers a significant advantage over conventional hybrid quantum-classical models by optimizing both quantum and classical parameter management. The framework has been benchmarked across several time-series prediction tasks, including Damped Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), NARMA5, and Simulated Gravitational Waves (GW), demonstrating its ability to reduce parameters by roughly 70-90% compared to Quantum Long Short-term Memory (QLSTM) and Quantum Fast Weight programmer (QFWP) without compromising accuracy. The results show that QT-QFWP outperforms related models in both efficiency and predictive accuracy, providing a pathway toward more practical and cost-effective quantum machine learning applications. This innovation is particularly promising for near-term quantum systems, where limited qubit resources and gate fidelities pose significant constraints on model complexity. QT-QFWP enhances the feasibility of deploying VQCs in time-sensitive applications and broadens the scope of quantum computing in machine learning domains. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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