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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ren, Yingying Li, Qiuli Guo, Yangyang Pedrycz, Witold Xing, Lining Liu, Anfeng Song, Yanjie School of Computer Electronics and Information Guangxi University Nanning China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology China Key Laboratory of Parallel Distributed and Intelligent Computing Guangxi University China School of Systems Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Poland Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Sariyer Istanbul Turkey School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xian China School of Electronic Engineering Central South University Changsha China National Engineering Research Center of Maritime Navigation System Dalian Maritime University Dalian China

With the rapid development of the satellite industry, the information transmission network based on communication satellites has gradually become a major and important part of the future satellite ground integration network. However, the low transmission efficiency of the satellite data relay back mission has become a problem that is currently constraining the construction of the system and needs to be solved urgently. Effectively planning the task of satellite ground networking by reasonably scheduling resources is crucial for the efficient transmission of task data. In this paper, we hope to provide a task execution scheme that maximizes the profit of the networking task for satellite ground network planning considering feeding mode (SGNPFM). To solve the SGNPFM problem, a mixed-integer planning model with the objective of maximizing the gain of the link-building task is constructed, which considers various constraints of the satellite in the feed-switching mode. Based on the problem characteristics, we propose a distance similarity-based genetic optimization algorithm (DSGA), which considers the state characteristics between the tasks and introduces a weighted Euclidean distance method to determine the similarity between the tasks. To obtain more high-quality solutions, different similarity evaluation methods are designed to assist the algorithm in intelligently screening individuals. The DSGAalso uses an adaptive crossover strategy based on similarity mechanism, which guides the algorithm to achieve efficient population search. In addition, a task scheduling algorithm considering the feed-switching mode is designed for decoding the algorithm to generate a highquality scheme. The results of simulation experiments show that the DSGA can effectively solve the SGNPFM problem. Compared to other algorithms, the proposed algorithm not only obtains higher quality planning schemes but also has faster algorithm convergence speed. The proposed algorithm improves data trans

关键词： Profitability

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Routing Single Photons from a Trapped Ion Using a Photonic Integrated Circuit

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第3期19卷 034001-034001页

作者： Uday Saha James D. Siverns John Hannegan Mihika Prabhu Qudsia Quraishi Dirk Englund Edo Waks Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics (IREAP) University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA United States Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland 20783 USA Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA

Trapped ions are promising candidates for nodes of a scalable quantum network due to their long-lived qubit coherence times and high-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates. Future quantum networks based on trapped ions will require a scalable way to route photons between different nodes. Photonic integrated circuits from fabrication foundries provide a compact solution to this problem. However, these circuits typically operate at telecommunication wavelengths that are incompatible with the strong dipole emissions of trapped ions. In this work, we demonstrate the routing of single photons from a trapped ion using a photonic integrated circuit. We employ quantum frequency conversion to match the emission of the ion to the operating wavelength of a foundry-fabricated silicon nitride photonic integrated circuit, achieving a total transmission of 31.0% ± 0.9% through the device. Using programmable phase shifters, we switch the single photons between the output channels of the circuit and demonstrate a 50:50 beam splitting condition. These results constitute an important step towards programmable routing and entanglement distribution in large-scale quantum networks and distributed quantum computers.

关键词： Integrated optics Optical quantum information processing Quantum communication Quantum information with trapped ions Quantum interconnects Quantum networks Trapped ions

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A robust fragile watermarking approach for image tampering detection and restoration utilizing hybrid transforms

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-24页

作者： Vaidya, S. Prasanth Kandala, Rajesh N. V. P. S. Chandra Mouli, P.V.S.S.R. Zaini, Hatim G. Jaffar, Amar Paramasivam, Prabhu Ghoneim, Sherif S. M. Department of Computer Science BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women Telangana Hyderabad India School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP University Andhra Pradesh Vijayawada India Department of Computer Science Central University of Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu Thiruvarur India Computer Engineering Department College of Computer and Information Technology Taif University Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia Computer and Network Engineering Department College of Computing Umm Al-Qura University Mecca Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Mattu University Metu Ethiopia Department of Research and Innovation Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai India Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia

This study presents a novel fragile watermarking technique to detect and restore image tampering, enhancing security in digital image transmission. The proposed method integrates Schur decomposition and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for watermark embedding, ensuring robustness against attacks compared to existing methods. Schur decomposition provides numerical stability in matrix factorization, while DWT enhances resilience through multi-resolution analysis. A semi-blind extraction algorithm, relying only on a secret key, enables active tampering detection without requiring the original image. Upon detection of distortions, the proposed recovery mechanism restores the tampered regions of the image. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is validated through structural similarity, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and normalized cross-correlation metrics, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing methods. This approach is applicable to secure medical imaging, forensic investigations, and copyright protection, ensuring image integrity in real-world scenarios. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Digital watermarking Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) Image recovery Image tamper detection

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Pre-Chirp-Domain Index Modulation for Full-Diversity Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing towards 6G

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Liu, Guangyao Mao, Tianqi Xiao, Zhenyu Wen, Miaowen Liu, Ruiqi Zhao, Jingjing Basar, Ertugrul Wang, Zhaocheng Chen, Sheng Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering State Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM Beijing100191 China Greater Bay Area Innovation Research Institute of BIT Zhuhai519000 China Zhuhai519088 China South China University of Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering Guangzhou510640 China ZTE Corporation Wireless and Computing Research Institute Beijing100029 China State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Shenzhen518055 China Tampere University Department of Electrical Engineering Tampere33720 Finland Koc University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sariyer Istanbul34450 Turkey Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China University of Southampton School of Electronics and Computer Science SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

As a superior multicarrier technique utilizing chirp signals for high-mobility communications, affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) is envisioned to be a promising candidate for sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. AFDM is based on the discrete affine Fourier transform (DAFT) with two adjustable parameters of the chirp signals, termed the pre-chirp and post-chirp parameters, respectively. Whilst the post-chirp parameter complies with stringent constraints to combat the time-frequency doubly selective channel fading, we show that the pre-chirp counterpart can be flexibly manipulated for an additional degree of freedom. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel AFDM scheme with the pre-chirp index modulation (PIM) philosophy (AFDM-PIM), which can implicitly convey extra information bits through dynamic pre-chirp parameter assignment, thus enhancing both spectral and energy efficiency. Specifically, we first demonstrate that the subcarrier orthogonality is still maintained by applying distinct pre-chirp parameters to various subcarriers in the AFDM modulation process. Inspired by this property, we allow each AFDM subcarrier to carry a unique pre-chirp signal according to the incoming bits. By such an arrangement, extra bits can be embedded into the index patterns of pre-chirp parameter assignment without additional energy consumption. We derive asymptotically tight upper bounds on the average bit error probability (BEP) of the proposed schemes with the maximum-likelihood detection, and validate that the proposed AFDM-PIM can achieve full diversity under doubly dispersive channels. Based on the derived result, we further propose an optimal pre-chirp alphabet design to enhance the bit error rate (BER) performance via intelligent optimization algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed AFDM-PIM outperforms the classical benchmarks. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Chirp modulation

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Exploiting Interference in Joint Radar-Communication Transmission

Exploiting Interference in Joint Radar-Communication Transmi...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Jianjun Zhang Fan Liu Christos Masouros Yongming Huang College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University College London London U.K. National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China

By sharing the same hardware platform, spectral resource as well as transmit waveform, dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) based integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework has been envisioned as a key technology for future wireless networks. Most DFRC beamforming works focus on block-level precoding, which fails to exploit constructive interference. To tackle this issue, we propose symbol-level joint radar sensing and communication beamforming algorithms in this paper. First, we formulate the problem of joint radar-communication beamforming based on symbol-level precoding (SLP) by incorporating constructive interference into SLP, so as to improve the energy efficiency. To address the formulated problem, we tailor a highly parallelizable iterative algorithm, which is shown to converge to stationary points. To achieve better performance, we further propose an efficient recursive optimization algorithm. In particular, the recursive algorithm monotonously improves the performance of interest as the recursive procedure proceeds.

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An Adaptive Black-box Defense against Trojan Attacks (TROJDEF)

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Guanxiong Khreishah, Abdallah Sharadgah, Fatima Khalil, Issa Electrical and Computer Engineering Department New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ07102 United States Computer Science Department Jordan University of Science & Technology Irbid Jordan Qatar Computing Research Institute HBKU Doha Qatar

Trojan backdoor is a poisoning attack against Neural Network (NN) classifiers in which adversaries try to exploit the (highly desirable) model reuse property to implant Trojans into model parameters for backdoor breaches through a poisoned training process. To misclassify an input to a target class, the attacker activates the backdoor by augmenting the input with a predefined trigger that is only known to her/him. Most of the proposed defenses against Trojan attacks assume a white-box setup, in which the defender either has access to the inner state of NN or is able to run back-propagation through it. In this work, we propose a more practical black-box defense, dubbed TROJDEF. In a black-box setup, the defender can only run forward-pass of the NN. TROJDEF is motivated by the Trojan poisoned training, in which the model is trained on both benign and Trojan inputs. TROJDEF tries to identify and filter out Trojan inputs (i.e., inputs augmented with the Trojan trigger) by monitoring the changes in the prediction confidence when the input is repeatedly perturbed by random noise. We derive a function based on the prediction outputs which is called the prediction confidence bound to decide whether the input example is Trojan or not. The intuition is that Trojan inputs are more stable as the misclassification only depends on the trigger, while benign inputs will suffer when augmented with noise due to the perturbation of the classification features. Through mathematical analysis, we show that if the attacker is perfect in injecting the backdoor, the Trojan infected model will be trained to learn the appropriate prediction confidence bound, which is used to distinguish Trojan and benign inputs under arbitrary perturbations. However, because the attacker might not be perfect in injecting the backdoor, we introduce a nonlinear transform to the prediction confidence bound to improve the detection accuracy in practical settings. Extensive empirical evaluations show that TROJDEF

关键词： Backpropagation

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Correction to: Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) On-Orbit Wind Observations: Data Analysis and Instrument Performance

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Space science Reviews 2023年第6期219卷 1-2页

作者： Englert, Christoph R. Harlander, John M. Marr, Kenneth D. Harding, Brian J. Makela, Jonathan J. Fae, Tori Brown, Charles M. Ratnam, M. Venkat Rao, S. Vijaya Bhaskara Immel, Thomas J. Space Science Division U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington USA Space Systems Research Corporation Alexandria USA Space Sciences Laboratory University of California Berkeley Berkeley USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA National Atmospheric Research Laboratory Pakala India Department of Physics Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati India

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Code Refactoring for Software Reusability: An Experimental Study

Code Refactoring for Software Reusability: An Experimental S...

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Emerging Smart Technologies and Applications (eSmarTA), International Conference on

作者： Abdullah Almogahed Hairulnizam Mahdin Mazidah Mat Rejab Abdulwadood Alawadhi Samera Obaid Barraood Manal Othman Omar Al-Jamili Abdulwahab Ali Almazroi Shazlyn Milleana Shaharudin Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit Raja Johor Malaysia InterNetWorks Research Laboratory School of Computing Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok Malaysia College of Computers and Information Technology Hadhramout University Hadhramout Yemen Computer Science Department College of Applied Science Taiz University Taiz Yemen Faculty of Engineering and Computing University of Science and Technology Yemen Department of Information Technology College of Computing and Information Technology at Khulais University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Tanjong Malim Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9798350354133

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354140

Refactoring plays a critical role in enhancing the quality of software systems, enabling them to accommodate growing user bases, feature sets, and performance demands. Software reusability is an essential aspect of software quality. It is crucial in modern software development as it offers several benefits, including increased productivity, improved code quality, and cost-effectiveness. However, there is a lack of studies investigating how specific refactoring techniques affect reusability. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effects of code refactoring on software reusability. This study was conducted in four stages: selecting refactoring techniques, selecting a large dataset, selecting software metrics to measure the reusability, and applying the refactoring techniques. The five most common refactoring techniques (Extract Interface, Encapsulate Field, Extract Class, Inline Class, and Inline Method) used in practices were selected and applied in the jEdit dataset. The refactoring techniques were carried out 338 times through five experiments in the jEdit dataset. The finding reveals that Extract Interface, Encapsulate Field, and Extract Class significantly improve the code reusability while Inline Class and Inline Method impair it. Developers and software architects can use this knowledge to make well-informed judgments about refactoring techniques and develop more robust and reusable software systems.

关键词： Productivity Industries Codes Software quality Software systems Maintenance Software measurement

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Analysis of SARIMA Models for Forecasting Electricity Demand

Analysis of SARIMA Models for Forecasting Electricity Demand

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International Smart Grid Workshop and Certificate Program (ISGWCP)

作者： Ahmet Aksöz Saadin Oyucu Emre Biçer Ramazan Bayındır Mobilers Team Sivas Cumhuriyet University Sivas Türkiye Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Adıyaman Türkiye Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Battery Research Laboratory Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Türkiye Faculty of Technology Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Gazi University Ankara Türkiye

ISBN: (数字)9798350361612

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361629

This article presents an in-depth evaluation of electricity consumption predictions using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. Leveraging historical electricity consumption data, the SARIMA model demonstrates a commendable ability to forecast future consumption patterns. Our analysis reveals a strong alignment between the model’s predictions and actual consumption data, affirming the efficacy of time series modeling in capturing complex energy consumption dynamics. Notably, while the model excels in predicting near-term consumption trends, uncertainties widen for long-term forecasts, prompting critical reflections on the model’s evolving accuracy and reliability over time. For future research endeavors, we recommend comparing the performance of diverse time series models to discern optimal modeling approaches. Further optimization of model parameters stands as a paramount endeavor to refine prediction accuracy and mitigate uncertainties. Specifically, efforts to identify and address potential overfitting or underfitting tendencies within the model are advised. Additionally, leveraging supplementary data sources and integrating seasonal factors could bolster the reliability of future predictions, expanding the model’s predictive scope and ensuring more robust and precise forecasts.

关键词： Analytical models Uncertainty Accuracy Electricity Soft sensors Time series analysis Predictive models

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Reconfigurable Parfocal Zoom Metalens

Reconfigurable Parfocal Zoom Metalens

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CLEO: science and Innovations, S and I 2022

作者： Shalaginov, Mikhail Yang, Fan An, Sensong Lin, Hung I. Stoll, Katherine Kang, Myungkoo Agarwal, Anuradha Richardson, Kathleen Rivero-Baleine, Clara Zhang, Hualiang Hu, Juejun Gu, Tian Department of Materials Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States The College of Optics & Photonics Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Missiles and Fire Control Lockheed Martin Corporation OrlandoFL United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell LowellMA United States Materials Research Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

We designed and experimentally realized a non-mechanically tuned metalens capable of performing x 10 zoom while maintaining focus. The metalens consists of two dielectric metasurfaces made of low-loss optical phase-ch... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Phase change materials

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