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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yin, Haoran Tang, Yanqun Bemani, Ali Kountouris, Marios Zhou, Yu Zhang, Xingyao Liu, Yuqing Chen, Gaojie Yang, Kai Liu, Fan Masouros, Christos Li, Shuangyang Caire, Giuseppe Xiao, Pei School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sun Yat-sen University China Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Laboratory Huawei France Research and Development France Communication Systems Department EU-RECOM France Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Granada Spain Sun Yat-sen University China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College London United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technical University of Berlin Germany 5G/6G Innovation Centre University of Surrey United Kingdom

Next-generation wireless networks are conceived to provide reliable and high-data-rate communication services for diverse scenarios, such as vehicle-to-vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicles, and satellite networks. The severe Doppler spreads in the underlying time-varying channels induce destructive inter-carrier interference (ICI) in the extensively adopted orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform, leading to severe performance degradation. This calls for a new air interface design that can accommodate the severe delay-Doppler spreads in highly dynamic channels while possessing sufficient flexibility to cater to various applications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of a promising chirp-based waveform named affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM). It is featured with two tunable parameters and achieves optimal diversity order in doubly dispersive channels (DDC). We study the fundamental principle of AFDM, illustrating its intrinsic suitability for DDC. Based on that, several potential applications of AFDM are explored. Furthermore, the major challenges and the corresponding solutions of AFDM are presented, followed by several future research directions. Finally, we draw some instructive conclusions about AFDM, hoping to provide useful inspiration for its development. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Improving Deep Assertion Generation via Fine-Tuning Retrieval-Augmented Pre-trained Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Quanjun Fang, Chunrong Zheng, Yi Zhang, Yaxin Zhao, Yuan Huang, Rubing Zhou, Jianyi Yang, Yun Zheng, Tao Chen, Zhenyu Department of Computing Technologies Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Nanjing China Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. Ltd. Beijing China Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University Guangdong Shenzhen China

Unit testing validates the correctness of the units of the software system under test and serves as the cornerstone in improving software quality and reliability. To reduce manual efforts in writing unit tests, some techniques have been proposed to generate test assertions automatically, including deep learning (DL)-based, retrieval-based, and integration-based ones. Among them, recent integration-based approaches inherit from both DL-based and retrieval-based approaches and are considered state-of-the-art. Despite being promising, such integration-based approaches suffer from inherent limitations, such as retrieving assertions with lexical matching while ignoring meaningful code semantics, and generating assertions with a limited training corpus. In this paper, we propose a novel Retrieval-Augmented Deep Assertion Generation approach, namely RetriGen, based on a hybrid assertion retriever and a pre-trained language model (PLM)-based assertion generator. Given a focal-test, RetriGen first builds a hybrid assertion retriever to search for the most relevant test-assert pair from external codebases. The retrieval process takes both lexical similarity and semantical similarity into account via a token-based and an embedding-based retriever, respectively. RetriGen then treats assertion generation as a sequence-to-sequence task and designs a PLM-based assertion generator to predict a correct assertion with historical test-assert pairs and the retrieved external assertion. Although our concept is general and can be adapted to various off-the-shelf encoder-decoder PLMs, we implement RetriGen to facilitate assertion generation based on the recent CodeT5 model. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate RetriGen against six state-of-the-art approaches across two large-scale datasets and two metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that RetriGen achieves 57.66% and 73.24% in terms of accuracy and CodeBLEU, outperforming all baselines with an average improvement of 50.66

关键词： Semantics

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Quantifying White Matter Hyperintensity and Brain Volumes in Heterogeneous Clinical and Low-Field Portable MRI

Quantifying White Matter Hyperintensity and Brain Volumes in...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Pablo Laso Stefano Cerri Annabel Sorby-Adams Jennifer Guo Farrah Mateen Philipp Goebl Jiaming Wu Peirong Liu Hongwei Bran Li Sean I. Young Benjamin Billot Oula Puonti Gordon Sze Sam Payabavash Adam DeHavenon Kevin N. Sheth Matthew S. Rosen John Kirsch Nicola Strisciuglio Jelmer M. Wolterink Arman Eshaghi Frederik Barkhof W. Taylor Kimberly Juan Eugenio Iglesias Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School USA Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente The Netherlands Pioneer Centre for AI University of Copenhagen Denmark Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London UK Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance Denmark Yale School of Medicine USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350313338

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313345

Brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) are critical neuroimaging features for ascertaining brain injury in cerebrovascular disease and multiple sclerosis. Automated segmentation and quantification is desirable but existing methods require high-resolution MRI with good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This precludes application to clinical and low-field portable MRI (pMRI) scans, thus hampering large-scale tracking of atrophy and WMH progression, especially in underserved areas where pMRI has huge potential. Here we present a method that segments white matter hyperintensity and 36 brain regions from scans of any resolution and contrast (including pMRI) without retraining. We show results on eight public datasets and on a private dataset with paired high- and low-field scans (3T and 64mT), where we attain strong correlation between the WMH (ρ=.85) and hippocampal volumes (ρ=.89) estimated at both fields. Our method is publicly available as part of FreeSurfer, at: http://***/fswiki/WMH-SynthSeg.

关键词： Atrophy Neuroimaging Image segmentation Multiple sclerosis Image resolution Magnetic resonance imaging White matter

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Channel Knowledge Map Construction with Laplacian Pyramid Reconstruction Network

Channel Knowledge Map Construction with Laplacian Pyramid Re...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Zhenzhou Jin Li You Jue Wang Xiang-Gen Xia Xiqi Gao National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing China School of Information Science and Technology Nantong University Nantong China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

Channel knowledge map (CKM) has received widespread attention as an emerging enabling technology for environment-aware wireless communications. It involves the construction of databases containing location-specific channel knowledge, which are then leveraged to facilitate channel state information (CSI) acquisition and transceiver design. In this paper, we propose a Laplacian pyramid (LP)-based CKM construction scheme to predict the channel knowledge at arbitrary locations in a targeted area. Specifically, we first view the channel knowledge as a 2-D image and transform the CKM construction problem into an image to image (I2I) inpainting task, which predicts the channel knowledge at specific location by recovering the corresponding pixel value in the image matrix. Then, inspired by the reversible and closed-form frequency band decomposition structure of the LP, we design tailored subnetworks for different frequency components. In addition, to encode the global structural information of the propagation environment, we introduce self-attention and cross-covariance attention mechanisms in different layers, respectively. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme can accurately reconstruct the CKM with low computational complexity. Moreover, the proposed method has a strong generalization ability to be implemented in different wireless communication scenarios.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Wireless communication Laplace equations Databases Transforms Transceivers Matrix decomposition

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Improving Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for Readout Signals Using Adaptive Filters on Reconfigurable Controls Hardware

Improving Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for Readout Signals Us...

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Quantum computing and engineering (QCE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Hans Johnson Silvia Zorzetti Jafar Saniie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Computing and Signal Processing (ECASP) Research Laboratory Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL U.S.A. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center (SQMS) Batavia IL U.S.A.

This study investigates the optimization of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) in superconducting quantum computing readout signals through adaptive filtering. Quantum computing technology has the potential to revolutionize various fields by delivering exponential speedup in solving certain computational problems. However, the technology's practical implementation is hindered by the difficulty of extracting clean, reliable signals during the readout phase, with various sources of noise presenting a significant barrier to clean signals. This noise, often present in readout profiles due to imperfect isolation, degrades the system's overall SNR, thus impeding the ability to extract the quantum state accurately. The research leverages the power of adaptive filtering to improve the SNR of quantum computing readout signals. Specifically, an adaptive filter is implemented in a PYNQ overlay on an FPGA, and eventually will be connected to a quantum computing system. The system models the noise with a Least Mean Squares (LMS) adaptive filter, and then subtracts the estimated noise from the received signal to improve the SNR. A Direct Memory Access (DMA) channel is used to handle the signal processing, delivering efficient, high-speed data transfer between the PYNQ system and the hardware. The study explores the benefits of this adaptive filtering technique, potentially providing a significant contribution to practical and fast quantum computing.

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Enhancing Long-range Dependency with State Space Model and Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lawan, Adamu Pu, Juhua Yunusa, Haruna Umar, Aliyu Lawan, Muhammad School of Computer Science and Technology Beihang University Beijing China National Research Institute for Teaching Materials in Information Science and Tech. China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China School of Computing University of Portsmouth Portsmouth United Kingdom Department of Information and Communication Technology Federal University Gusau Nigeria

Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) evaluates sentiments toward specific aspects of entities within the text. However, attention mechanisms and neural network models struggle with syntactic constraints. The quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms also limits their adoption for capturing long-range dependencies between aspect and opinion words in ABSA. This complexity can lead to the misinterpretation of irrelevant contextual words, restricting their effectiveness to short-range dependencies. To address the above problem, we present a novel approach to enhance long-range dependencies between aspect and opinion words in ABSA (MambaForGCN). This approach incorporates syntax-based Graph Convolutional Network (SynGCN) and MambaFormer (Mamba-Transformer) modules to encode input with dependency relations and semantic information. The Multihead Attention (MHA) and Selective State Space model (Mamba) blocks in the MambaFormer module serve as channels to enhance the model with short and long-range dependencies between aspect and opinion words. We also introduce the Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) gated fusion, an adaptive feature representation system that integrates SynGCN and MambaFormer and captures non-linear, complex dependencies. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate MambaForGCN’s effectiveness, outperforming state-of-the-art (SOTA) baseline models. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Evidence-Aware Multi-Modal Data Fusion and its Application to Total Knee Replacement Prediction

Evidence-Aware Multi-Modal Data Fusion and its Application t...

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Proceedings of the Digital Image computing: Technqiues and Applications (DICTA)

作者： Xinwen Liu Jing Wang S. Kevin Zhou Craig Engstrom Shekhar S. Chandra School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Canberra Australia Center for Medical Imaging Robotics Analytic Computing & Learning (MIRACLE) School of Biomedical Engineering & Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350379037

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379044

Deep neural networks have been widely studied to predict a medical condition, such as total knee replacement (TKR). It has shown that data of different modalities, such as imaging data, clinical variables, and demographic information, provide complementary information and thus can improve the prediction accuracy together. However, the data sources of various modalities may not always be of high quality, and each modality may have only partial information of medical condition. Thus, predictions from different modalities can be in conflict, and the final prediction may fail in the presence of such a conflict. Therefore, it is important to account for the reliability of each source data and the prediction output when making a final decision. In this paper, we propose an evidence-aware multimodal data fusion framework based on the Dempster-Shafer theory (DST). The backbone models contain an image branch, a non-image branch and a fusion branch. For each branch, there is an evidence network that takes the extracted features as input and outputs an evidence score, which is designed to represent the reliability of the output from the current branch. The output probabilities along with the evidence scores from multiple branches are combined with the Dempster's combination rule to make a final prediction. Experimental results on the public OA initiative (OAI) dataset for the TKR prediction task show that the proposed method has better performance by accounting for conflicts from various modalities.

关键词： Medical conditions Soft sensors Digital images Data integration Imaging Artificial neural networks Reliability theory Feature extraction Reliability engineering Knee replacement

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On the Sum Rate and User Fairness of STAR-RIS Aided Communications

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Haochen Mu, Xidong Liu, Yuanwei Chen, Yue Zhiwen, Pan National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University China Centre for Wireless Innovation Queen’s University Belfast United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom

A simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) aided communication system is investigated. A robust joint beamforming design problem under the imperfect channel state information (CSI) is formulated to maximize the weighted sum of the Jain’s fairness index and the normalized system sum rate. To solve this non-convex problem, an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is proposed, which leverages the S-Procedure, successive convex approximation (SCA), and semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Simulation results demonstrate that with proposed algorithm: 1) various trade-offs between sum rate and user fairness can be achieved;2) a larger trade-off region can be achieved by adopting STAR-RIS compared to conventional RIS;and 3) the performance degradation caused by imperfect CSI is less than 7% with our proposed robust beamforming approach. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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Target-Mounted Intelligent Reflecting Surface for Joint Location and Orientation Estimation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Peilan Mei, Weidong Fang, Jun Zhang, Rui The National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore The The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen518172 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Uiversity of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been widely recognized as an efficient technique to reconfigure the electromagnetic environment in favor of wireless communication performance. In this paper, we propose a new application of IRS for device-free target sensing via joint location and orientation estimation. In particular, different from the existing works that use IRS as an additional anchor node for localization/sensing, we consider mounting IRS on the sensing target, whereby estimating the IRS’s location and orientation as that of the target by leveraging IRS’s controllable signal reflection. To this end, we first propose a tensor-based method to acquire essential angle information between the IRS and the sensing transmitter as well as a set of distributed sensing receivers. Next, based on the estimated angle information, we formulate two optimization problems to estimate the location and orientation of the IRS/target, respectively, and obtain the locally optimal solutions to them by invoking two iterative algorithms, namely, gradient descent method and manifold optimization. In particular, we show that the orientation estimation problem admits a closed-form solution in a special case that usually holds in practice. Furthermore, theoretical analysis is conducted to draw essential insights into the proposed sensing system design and performance. Simulation results verify our theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the proposed methods can achieve high estimation accuracy which is close to the theoretical bound. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Location

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On-site Testing and Preventive Maintenance for a Fire Automation System Employing PSO, FA and ANN Algorithms

On-site Testing and Preventive Maintenance for a Fire Automa...

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Emerging research in Computational science (ICERCS), International Conference on

作者： B. Rubini G Kalaiarasi S. Vasuki S. Pradeep Kumar Suganiya Murugan C. Arul Stephen Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Pallavaram Chennai India Department of Advanced Computer Science and Engineering Vignan Foundation for Science Technology and Research Deemed to be University Guntur Andhrapradesh India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering Karur Tamilnadu India Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kaattankulathur Chennai India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Pallavaram Chennai India

engineering elements influencing in commercial and government buildings fire safety rendition buildings have been deliberated. For both new and existing buildings, all variables such as structure of building, damage due to fire from prevention compartments, Time of incidents evacuation routes should be control leverage on people’s evacuation routes, controlled, and additional standard fire protection equipment are imposed. This page outlines the classes of diesel fire pumps, batteries, and pumping systems, besides the elements prompting fire rendition. Onsite diesel generator pump must be connected to a hydrant and the water pumping pressure range must be customized to 8 bar using a pressure gauge. The substantive intent of this concert is to reinforce firefighter safety. Only experienced technicians and training professionals in fire guard are responsible for this part. To simulate the battery tightness position, an extra-critical condition has been considered. Owing to the position of the fire safety properties and battery reaction in buildings, the Firefly and Particle Swarm optimization algorithms have been exerted on the iterations with objective values used for analysis in the iterative process using Matlab 2021 software. Two well-known algorithms are compared to see which provides the best results. The ANN serves as a tool for analyzing and optimizing the pump’s rendition in maintaining an adequate water supply for fire emergencies.

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